南湖水体多相介质中重金属元素的分布特征

以南湖水体中的水、 沉积物、 生物膜和悬浮物为研究对象, 对重金属元素的分布与富集情况进行了研究. 结果表明, 不同采样点、 不同相中Zn的含量最高, Cd的含量最低, 但Cd的富集能力最强, 生物膜和悬浮物富集重金属的能力远大于沉积物的富集能力, 且Zn,Cu,Cd和Pb均表现出点源污染的特性; 采用社会科学统计程序（SPSS）相关分析方法分析了重金属元素（Zn,Cu,Cd,Pb,Fe和Mn）在固相介质中的相互关系, 结果显示, 沉积物、 生物膜和悬浮物中元素间的相关性趋势存在着一定差异, 3种固相介质中Cd与Fe的相关系数均大于Cd与Mn的相关系数, 而Pb与Fe的相关系数均小于Pb与Mn的相关系数, 说明铁氧化物对镉环境化学行为的贡献大于锰氧化物, 对铅环境化学行为的贡献小于锰氧化物.     

分布式声传感器井中背景噪声统计特性分析

分布式声传感器技术(DAS: Distributed Acoustic Sensor)是一种新近提出的高精度勘探数据采集方法,受制于复杂背景噪声的影响,DAS记录处理水平有待进一步提高.针对上述问题,采用基于替代序列的时间序列平稳性检验方法和Lilliefors检验法对DAS记录中复杂背景噪声的平稳性和高斯性进行研究....     

Taxonomic notes on the Asian frogs of the tribe Paini (Ranidae,Dicroglossinae): 1. Morphology and synonymy of Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922), with proposal of a new statistical method for testing homogeneity of small samples

The species from northern Vietnam described as Rana fansipani Bourret, is shown to be a synonym of the species from northern Thailand described as Rana aenea Smith, . The male secondary sex characters of this species are described in detail for the first time. Combined with a few other characters, they allow this species to be distinguished from the closely related Rana unculuanus Liu, Hu and Yang, 1960 from southern China. Both species should be placed in a subgenus Chaparana (Chaparana), a member of the tribe Paini of the subfamily Dicroglossinae of the Ranidae. In this study, we propose a new statistical method for testing homogeneity of small samples: this consists of considering the values obtained for each specimen and for each regression factor score as morphometric characteristics of this specimen within the frame of this analysis; these values, or some of them, can be used to compare subgroups of specimens by non‐parametric tests such as the Mann–Whitney U test.     

基于非负矩阵分解新的人脸识别方法

非负矩阵分解是一个新的特征提取方法,基于非矩阵分解的理论,提出了具有正交性的投影轴的计算方法和具有统计不相关性的投影轴的计算方法。与原非负矩阵分解方法,提出的方法在某种程度上是降低了特征矢量之间的统计相关性,并且提高识别率。通过在ORL人脸库和YALE人脸库上进行实验,结果表明提出的两种特征提取方法在识别率方面整体上好于原非负矩阵分解特征提取(NMF)方法,甚至超过主成分分析(PCA)法。     

Adaptive SPC monitoring scheme for DOE-based APC

Automatic process control （APC） based on design of experiment （DOE） is a cost-efficient approach for variation reduction. The process changes both in mean and variance owing to online parameter adjustment make it hard to apply traditional SPC charts in such DOE-based APC applied process. An adaptive SPC scheme is developed, which can better track the process transitions and achieve the possible SPC run cost reduction when the process is stable. The control law of SPC parameters is designed by fully utilizing the estimation properties of the process model instead of traditionally using the data collected from the production line. An example is provided to illustrate the proposed adaptive SPC design approach.     

Improving moving average trading rules with boosting and statistical learning methods

We present a system for combining the different types of predictions given by a wide category of mechanical trading rules through statistical learning methods (boosting, and several model averaging methods like Bayesian or simple averaging methods). Statistical learning methods supply better out‐of‐sample results than most of the single moving average rules in the NYSE Composite Index from January 1993 to December 2002. Moreover, using a filter to reduce trading frequency, the filtered boosting model produces a technical strategy which, although it is not able to overcome the returns of the buy‐and‐hold (B&H) strategy during rising periods, it does overcome the B&H during falling periods and is able to absorb a considerable part of falls in the market. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

结构模型在统计模型分析中的应用

在综合统计中使用系统工程方法之一——结构模型方法进行统计模型的分析,可以使统计工作有序可靠, 对统计结果用户能方便地进行分析．     

物理学名词规范使用例析

通过分析一些物理学名词的定名，简述了科技名词的定名应遵循“单义性”“科学性”“约定俗成”“协调一致”等原则，外国科学家的译名应遵从“名从主人”“约定俗成”“服从主科”“尊重规范”等原则。列举了物理学名词依据这些原则所做的部分修订情况，以便新闻、出版、教学、科研等部门规范使用这些名词。     

基础物理教学方式改革初探

依据大学基础物理的教学特点,对基础物理教学方式进行了一些尝试性改革,从而有效的调动了学生学习的积极性和主观能动性,培养了学生分析解决问题的能力,提高了教育教学质量,促进了学生综合素质的提高。     

普物DIY实验模式的探索与实践

为切实提高低年级物理专业学生的实验意识和动手能力,进行了DIY实验模式的探索,专门开设了短学期的《物理实验技能训练》DIY课程,教学遵循"早启动,集中制作,终期答辩,后续应用"的原则。以望远镜制作为例简要介绍了具体的实施过程,鼓励学生综合应用各种技术手段,在"做中学,学中做",自制的DIY作品可作为实验成果也可作为实验仪器用于传统实验或后续的其他实验,并侧重DIY作品的实验效果给分,这种实验方式受到了学生的普遍欢迎。