高粘度十二烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠理化性质的研究(Ⅱ)——颗粒形貌和乳化性质

原玉米淀粉经十二烯基琥珀酸酐（DDSA）酯化后，颗粒形貌发生变化。经研究认为：化学反应首先发生在淀粉颗凿表面的无定形区；酯化后淀粉的乳化能力明显增强，不同取代度产品的亲水亲油平衡（HLB）值均大于10，表明它为亲水型乳化稳定剂。     

淀粉改性阳离子型高分子絮凝剂的合成

以红薯淀粉为原料进行化学改性,合成了一种阳离子型高分子絮凝剂F4,并考察了各因素对合成的影响.研究结果表明,接枝共聚的最佳合成条件为:淀粉5g,引发剂0.35g,丙烯酰胺10g,反应温度50℃,反应时间3h.阳离子化条件为:氢氧化钠0.08g,阳离子醚化剂3g,反应温度70℃,反应时间2h.     

Starch-binding domains in the post-genome era

Starch belongs to the most abundant biopolymers on Earth. As a source of energy, starch is degraded by a large number of various amylolytic enzymes. However, only about 10% of them are capable of binding and degrading raw starch. These enzymes usually possess a distinct sequence-structural module, the so-called starchbinding domain (SBD). In general, all carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) have been classified into the CBM families. In this sequence-based classification the individual types of SBDs have been placed into seven CBM families: CBM20, CBM21, CBM25, CBM26, CBM34, CBM41 and CBM45. The family CBM20, known also as a classical C-terminal SBD of microbial amylases, is the most thoroughly studied. The three-dimensional structures have already been determined by X-ray crystallography or nuclear magnetic resonance for SBDs from five CBM families (20, 25, 26, 34 and 41), and the structure of the CBM21 has been modelled. Despite differences among the amino acid sequences, the fold of a distorted β-barrel seems to be conserved together with a similar way of substrate binding (mainly stacking interactions between aromatic residues and glucose rings). SBDs have recently been discovered in many non-amylolytic proteins. These may, for example, have regulatory functions in starch metabolism in plants or glycogen metabolism in mammals. SBDs have also found practical uses. Received 25 May 2006; received after revision 26 June 2006; accepted 3 August 2006     

木薯羧酸酯两性淀粉的制备与机理研究

研究了羧酸型两性淀粉制备的制备方法及机理,具体包括采用了交联-氧化-醚化-交联复合反应的湿法新工艺;同时,还采用了红外光谱、SEM、XRD、胶体滴定法等研究方法对该变性淀粉的结构进行了表征及机理研究。结果表明,变性化学反应发生在颗粒的非晶区,颗粒形貌保持完好,该淀粉的阴阳离子取代度分别达到0.018和0.033,50ºC、6％固形份的粘度为258cps。     

酶法制备微孔淀粉的工艺研究

使用α-淀粉酶与糖化酶复合制备多孔淀粉,探讨反应温度、反应时间、pH值和酶用量等条件的影响,并且通过正交实验得出最佳工艺条件,当反应温度为50℃,pH值为6.0,反应时间为12h,酶用量为1.0%时,吸附率与得率的综合评定最高.     

H_2O_2 氧化玉米淀粉胶性能研究

在引入预糊化剂的条件下,利用Ｈ２Ｏ２对玉米淀粉进行氧化,通过正交设计选择最佳氧化条件,确定对氧化淀粉进一步改性所用试剂的量,以降低淀粉胶的粘度,提高其流动性和初粘强度。实验所得产品淀粉胶与目前普遍使用的白乳胶相比,性能相近。     

不同品种淀粉接枝共聚物的性能

将马铃薯淀粉、竹芋淀粉、木薯淀粉、玉米淀粉4种不同淀粉分别与丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸接枝共聚,并对各种淀粉所得的接枝共聚样品（以下称吸水性树脂）进行接枝率、吸水倍率、吸水速率以及失水速率的测定、对比及分析;并以木薯淀粉为基料,研究了淀粉不同添加量对接枝共聚物吸液性能的影响.     

阴离子分散松香胶施胶过程中湿部化学的探讨

对阴离子分散松香施胶过程中的湿部化学进行了初步的探讨。研究结果表明 :①正向施胶的效果优于逆向施胶 ;②阳离子淀粉、硫酸铝以及酰胺类聚合物助留剂的用量对施胶效果有着重要的影响 ,随着用量的增加 ,施胶效果呈现先上升然后下降的趋势 ,在淀粉用量为 1 %、硫酸铝用量为 6 %、助留剂用量为 1 5‰时 ,施胶效果最佳 ;③硫酸铝用量在 8%时 ,细小纤维留着率最高 (78% ) ,此时浆料的Zeta电位为 - 3 2mV。     

对高校收费合理性的调查与分析

通过问卷调查的方法,揭示了目前大学生对高校收费制度合理性的看法,分析了我国高校收费制度存在的问题,提出了改革和完善我国高校收费制度的建议。     

造纸增强剂进展

本文总结了国内外造纸增强剂的进展情况，并探讨了我国造纸增强剂存在的差距及今后的发展趋势。