超纯铁素体不锈钢的组织、织构及深拉伸性能

重点研究了冷轧压下率对冷轧、再结晶织构的影响.结果表明:当终轧温度为750℃时,热轧带退火后以{111}再结晶织构为主.随着冷轧压下量的增加,γ织构减弱,α织构增强,{111}再结晶织构明显增强.当冷轧压下率为84%时,{111}再结晶组分的体积分数达到64.5%,退火板的平均塑性应变比(-R)高达1.69,平面各向异性(ΔR)仅为-0.17,深拉伸性能优良.     

The Development of a New Anti-electromagnetic Radiation Fabric

By the study of electromagnetic shielding principle, we have designed some new style fabrics for antielectromagnetic radiation through the research of raw materials and fabric texture, and solved the key technical problems such as the manufacture of composite yarn which composed of stainless steel filament and cotton yarn. As a newly developed high technology material, the new style anti-electromagnetic radiation fabric was woven by the special yarn composed of stainless filament and nature fiber. The new fabric overcomes the defect in the production and service of the shielding fabrics at present and satisfies the people's requirement the routine job and life. With further improvement, it can be widely used in aviation,navigation and military project, underground project and so on.     

Study on the passive film formed on 2205 stainless steel in acetic acid by AAS and XPS

The properties of the passive film formed on 2205 stainless steel in acetic acid at high temperature that contained chloride ions were studied by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical polarization measurements. AAS results show that molybdenum is enriched on the surface as the passive film is dissolved. This enrichment decreases the corrosion resistance because it hinders chloride adsorption and Fe ion dissolution, and acts as a local pH buffer because it consumes protons. The dissolution ratio of Fe/Cr is approximately 10 during the active dissolution of the passive film. XPS results indicate that when the potential is in the passivation region, Cr comprises about 50% of the metal cations in the near-surface region of the passive film and is the main metal constituent in this region. When the polarization potential is much greater than the transpassivation potential, the Mo content accounts for approximately 45% of the metal cations in the nearurface region; Fe and Ni have no obvious influence on the formation, dissolution, or puncture of the passive film.     

高温渗氮工艺对无镍不锈钢模拟体液环境下耐蚀性的影响

文章采用高温渗氮工艺得到高氮无镍不锈钢,以提高医用不锈钢的安全性和耐蚀性。实验结果表明:渗氮层氮质量分数可达1.0%,与原材料相比氮质量分数增加了2倍;在0.9%NaCl生理盐水和模拟血浆溶液中具有优异的耐蚀性,在加热温度1 200℃、氮气压力0.3MPa、保温时间24h条件下得到的高氮奥氏体不锈钢在0.9%NaCl生理盐水中的点蚀电位约1 200mV,大大高于渗氮前(约320mV)的水平。     

冷却速率对奥氏体不锈钢凝固过程影响的原位观察

通过采用激光共聚焦扫描显微镜对AISI304奥氏体不锈钢的凝固过程进行了原位动态观察研究.发现当冷却速率为0.05℃.s-1时,奥氏体不锈钢以胞状晶方式凝固,其凝固模式为FA模式,即δ铁素体相先从液相中形核并长大,γ相在1 448.9℃时通过与液相发生包晶反应（L＋δ→γ）在δ铁素体相界形成,当温度降到1 431.3℃时液相消失,δ铁素体相通过固态相变转变为γ相,富Cr贫Ni的残留铁素体位于胞状晶之间.当冷却速率为3.0℃.s-1时,奥氏体不锈钢以枝晶方式生长,冷却到1346.4℃时包晶反应在液相与δ铁素体相界之间进行,其残留铁素体位于枝晶干,与冷却速率为0.05℃.s-1时相比,其残留铁素体的数量增多,残留铁素体富Cr贫Ni的程度减轻.     

考虑传搁能耗的304不锈钢电炉冶炼流程最优连浇炉数计算方法

分析了304不锈钢电炉冶炼流程的传搁时间和传搁过程温降情况,建立各个工序冶炼温度制度与连浇炉数的关系,得知已有温度制度下的连浇炉数仅为2炉,并以6炉连浇为例给出不同连浇炉数情况下温度制度.通过计算流程中传搁能耗,讨论了连浇炉数与浇次总传搁能耗和平均传搁能耗的关系.提出了一种考虑传搁能耗确定最优连浇炉数的方法.对比发现,当增加连浇炉数的传搁能耗小于开浇一次耗材消耗的能耗时,最大连浇炉数为最为合理的连浇炉数.     

隧道窑工艺处理不锈钢除尘灰的实验研究

利用隧道窑工艺对宝钢不锈钢除尘灰进行处理．该工艺过程是将焦粉（添加量为除尘灰质量的35％）外置在除尘灰周围,并添加三种不同比例的铁鳞,在碳化硅罐中还原42h,还原温度为1200℃．研究表明：该工艺条件能够实现不锈钢除尘灰的烧结,且通过加入铁鳞（添加量为除尘灰质量的20％）可以经济有效地提高烧结物的强度;铁鳞的加入提高了铁品位,但会降低镍、铬品位．针对金属化球团中镍、铬的金属化率难以检测出的情况,提出了一种金属还原率的估测方法,并将其应用到本实验中,得出在隧道窑工艺条件下铁和镍的金属化率分别为92．55％和97．83％,铬的金属化率最少可达到35．5％．     

挤压工艺生产高性能不锈钢管

采用热挤压和冷轧工艺生产HR3C无缝钢管,金属冷成型过程和成品性能均表明热挤压加冷轧工艺生产高合金难变形材料具有明显优势.热挤压加工变形时金属承受三向压应力,可以提高金属的综合性能;通过冷轧加工改善管材表面质量和尺寸精度,可以确保材料在特殊环境中使用安全性更高.     

水溶液中苯酚电化学聚合膜的耐蚀性研究

应用电化学法从苯酚水溶液中制取聚苯酚膜并对其进行了耐蚀性研究。以304不锈钢为电极,Na₂SO₄为电解质,电化学法处理苯酚水溶液,阳极不锈钢表面覆有膜状反应产物,红外分析证实该产物中含有聚苯酚。采用点蚀电位法评判不同反应条件下形成的聚苯酚膜的耐蚀性能,结果表明在0.1mol/L苯酚与0.1mol/L硫酸钠的混合水溶液中、2.4V槽电压、常温、反应1h后形成的聚苯酚膜的耐蚀性能最好。采用扫描电镜分析不同反应时间下形成的聚苯酚膜,结果表明聚苯酚膜以层状方式生长,形成的片层叠加结构有利于提高聚苯酚膜的耐蚀性。     

增/减材复合加工316L宏观形貌和残余应力试验

为了研究激光功率P、送粉速率f和扫描速度v_f对熔覆层宏观质量的影响,采用正交试验进行激光熔化沉积的单层单道成形试验研究.以熔覆层的形状系数ξ为评价指标,通过极差分析获得P,f和v_f对几何形貌影响的主次顺序.结果表明:在一定工艺参数范围内,f对熔覆层ξ的影响最大;最佳工艺参数组合是P,f和v_f分别为1kW,0.7g/min和600mm/min.利用X射线衍射法对增/减材复合制造316L不锈钢薄壁圆环表面残余应力的分布进行了试验研究.结果表明:试样表面的顶部和底部是拉应力,中间部分是压应力;铣削加工可以消除一部分残余应力.