Quantitative genetic models of sexual selection

Summary Quantitative genetic models of sexual selection have disporven some of the central tenets of both the handicap mechanism and the sexy son hypothesis. These results suggest that the good genes approach to sexual selection may generally lead to erroneous results.Runaway sexual selection seems possible under a wide variety of circumstances. Quantittive genetic models have revealed runaway processes for sexually selected attributes expressed in both sexes and for attributes of parental care. Furthermore, the runaway could occur simultaneously in a series of populations that straddle an environmental gradient. While the models support the feasibility of runaway processes, empirical studies are needed to evaluate whether runaways actually happen. Estimates of critical genetic parameters are particularly needed, as well as measures of natural and sexual selection acting on the same population.The models also show that sexual selection has tremendous potential to produce population differentiation, particularly in epigamic traits. Differentiation is promoted by indeterminancy of evolutionary outcome, transient differences among populations during the final slow approach to equilibrium, sampling drift among equilibrium populations, and the tendency of sexual selection to amplify geographic variation arising from spatial differences in natural selection. Recent work with two- and three-locus models of sexual selection has produced results that parallel the results of the polygenic models^36–38,58. Thus the feature of indeterminate equilibria (outcome dependent on initial conditions) is common to both types of model.     

A major metabolite of Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol reduces its cataleptic effect in mice

Summary The results described here demonstrate that THC-induced catalepsy in mice can be substantially inhibited by the prior administration of ¹-THC-7-oic acid, the major metabolite of THC in most species including humans. This raises the possibility that the intensity and duration of action of THC may depend to a large degree on the levels of this metabolite at the sites of action.We thank the National Institute on Drug Abuse for supporting this project by grants DA-02043 and DA-02052 and for supplying all of the cannabinoids. One of us (S.B.) is also the recipient of a Research Scientist Award from NIDA. We are grateful to Kristen Carlson and Thomas Honeyman for helpful suggestions in preparing this report.     

Antiviral activities of anthraquinones,bianthrones and hypericin derivatives from lichens

The antiviral activities of some naturally occurring anthraquinones bianthrones, and hypericin derivatives were compared by the end-point CPE (viral cytopathic effects) method and plaque assays. Under optimal conditions of exposure to light, hypericin, 7,7-dichlorohypericin and 5,7-dichloroemodin exhibited strong inhibitory activity against HSV-1 (herpes simplex virus type 1) in both assays. Partial inactivation of the virus was shown by emodin, 7-chloroemodin and 7-chloro-1-O-methylemodin; the bianthrones and other anthraquinones were found to be inactive. Antiviral activity appeared to be, positively correlated with increasing substitution of chlorine in the anthraquinone structure. In the absence of light, only hypericin and 7,7-dichlorohypericin displayed detectable activity.     

苯酚在ITQ-1分子筛中吸附特性的分子模拟研究

用巨正则统计系综蒙特卡罗模拟,研究了苯酚分子在ITQ-1分子筛中的吸附特性,从苯酚分子的粒子分布云图上,可发现分子的扩散和吸附在十二元环通道和十元环通道内都可进行。从一系列不同压力下的蒙特卡罗模拟还预测了苯酚在ITO-1中的吸附等温线。模拟结果表明,苯酚分子在一定压力和温度下,可通过十元环通道或连接十二元环超笼的十元环窗口到达分子筛孔道内部,达到较好的吸附平衡状态;同时还模拟了苯酚在水分子存在时,在ITQ～1分子筛中的吸附情况,结果表明,水分子的存在可降低苯酚分子的吸附,但从整体看影响较小。     

Van del Pol振子方程本征值的移动1／N展开计算

应用移动１／Ｎ展开方法，计算Ｖａｎ ｄｅｌ ｐｏｌ振子方程的本征值。对ｖ＝０，且应用ＳＵＳＹ－ＱＭ计算其本征值。当光泵参数ｇ远低于阈值或在阈值附近，所有本征值都能和数值计算结果相吻合。当ｇ远高于阈值时，基态和第一激发态本征值亦能和数值计算结果相吻合。     

分光光度法测定饲料中的微量元素铜

本文研究了二乙胺基二硫代甲酸钠与铜(Ⅱ)形成的有色配合物,以低毒的二氯乙烷进行萃取浓缩,对饲料中共存的金属干扰离子采用柠檬酸铵、乙二胺四乙酸二钠进行联合掩蔽及有机相萃取分离,从而大大提高了分析的精密度和准确度.     

试论秦始皇陵铜车内铜方壶的定名

~~试论秦始皇陵铜车内铜方壶的定名@汪少华$杭州师范学院语言研究所!浙江杭州310012~~~~~~浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目“《考工记》名物考证”(N0 2YY4)     

DBL(1,0,1)误差非线性回归模型相关性和方差齐性的检验

讨论了具有双线性DBL(1，0，1)误差的非线性回归模型的相关性和方差齐性的检验问题，用Score检验方法给出了双线性项检验以及相关性和方差齐性同时检验的检验统计量，并用随机模拟验证了检验方法的正确性；推广和发展了具有线性序列误差回归模型的结果；最后将结果应用于DBL(0，1，1)误差的非线性回归模型。     

球面稳定同伦中的两个新元素族

本文证明当p≥7,n≥4时,h1hnγ3≠0, (b0hn+h1bn-1)γ3≠0∈Ext*,*A(Zp,Zp),而且它们在Adams谱序列中分别收敛到πpnq+3p2q+3pq+q-5S和πpnq+3p2q+3pq+q-6S中的一个阶为p的非平凡元素,其中q=2(p-1).     

Toeplitz代数的K1-群

证明了在强拟凸域上，它的拓扑边界上的连续函数代数的K1-群同构于边界上的Toeplitz代数的K1-群与Z的直和。并进一步证明了在复平面C上，任意区域的拓扑边界上的连续函数代数的K1-群与它边界上的同伦群同构．