通用系统仿真工具GSST

本文描述了通用系统仿真工具ＧＳＳＴ的原理和组织结构。ＧＳＳＴ可从结构、行为、功能三方面描述仿真对象，系统建模及仿真过程同时考虑对象中的定性约束和定量关系。对仿真得到的观测数据可进一步进行定性解释和归纳解释处理，以得到直观、便于理解的结果。     

Tropes As Mechanisms

This paper is an attempt to further our understanding of mechanisms conceived of as ontologically separable from laws. What opportunities are there for a mechanistic perspective to be independent of, or even more fundamental than, a law perspective? Advocates of the mechanistic view often play with the possibility of internal and external reliability, or with the paralleling possibilities of enforcing, counteracting, redirecting, etc., the mechanisms’ power to produce To further this discussion I adopt a trope ontology. It is independent of the notion of law, and can easily be adapted to account for such characteristics of mechanisms. The idea of tropes as mechanisms is worked out in some detail. According to the resulting picture, there is still an opportunity to link mechanisms and laws. But while the predominant law view conceives of mechanistic approaches as special kinds of law accounts, this study indicates that the converse may be true. Law accounts are special cases of mechanistic accounts, and they work only in those worlds where the mechanisms are of the right kind     

普通大学生速度轮滑滑跑教学的讲解与示范

通过多年的教学实践,对普通大学生速度轮滑教学的讲解与示范作了简明的概括,指出教师在进行速度轮滑教学讲解与示范时应严格掌握技术要领,并选择最佳的动作示范位置,正确细腻地做出分解动作,使学生更加直观地了解速度轮滑运动.     

An Ecocritical Interpretation of Jude the Obscure

Thomas Hardy is a famous novelist and poet in the 19th century.Both in his novels and poems,Hardy shows his deep love fornature.Jude the Obscure,Hardy＇s last novel,deeply reflects his ecological thoughts.Based on the theory of ecocriticism,this paper tries toanalyze Hardy＇s ecological thoughts from two aspects including natural ecology and spiritual ecology.The writer＇s lament for the destructionof environment and his sympathy for animals reflect his natural ecological thoughts;the tragedies of Sue and Little Father Time remind peo-ple of the importance of keeping spiritual ecological balance.Interpreting the novel from the perspective of ecocriticism,this paper intends toshow Hardy＇s attempt to keep natural and spiritual ecological balance,and then help the readers to form a better understanding of both Har-dy＇s works and his ideas of literary creation.     

李白诗句新解

本文通过对李白诗句＂古来圣贤皆寂寞,惟有饮者留其名＂中＂圣贤＂二字的考证,认为传统的仅限于字面意义上的理解甚为不妥,继而提出自己的新见解。     

Collaborative explanation and biological mechanisms

This paper motivates and outlines a new account of scientific explanation, which I term ‘collaborative explanation.’ My approach is pluralist: I do not claim that all scientific explanations are collaborative, but only that some important scientific explanations are—notably those of complex organic processes like development. Collaborative explanation is closely related to what philosophers of biology term ‘mechanistic explanation’ (e.g., Machamer et al., Craver, 2007). I begin with minimal conditions for mechanisms: complexity, causality, and multilevel structure. Different accounts of mechanistic explanation interpret and prioritize these conditions in different ways. This framework reveals two distinct varieties of mechanistic explanation: causal and constitutive. The two have heretofore been conflated, with philosophical discussion focusing on the former. This paper addresses the imbalance, using a case study of modeling practices in Systems Biology to reveals key features of constitutive mechanistic explanation. I then propose an analysis of this variety of mechanistic explanation, in terms of collaborative concepts, and sketch the outlines of a general theory of collaborative explanation. I conclude with some reflections on the connection between this variety of explanation and social aspects of scientific practice.     

日本国家足球文化的构建及其启示

20多年前,日本足球在亚洲不是中国的对手,在世界上也名不见经传.现如今,日本足球已经获得“跨越式”发展,将中国足球远远甩在身后.通过对日本国家足球文化的解析,探讨日本足球崛起的原因,为中国足球走出困境,构建中国特色的足球文化,实现中国足球梦想提供借鉴.     

宁波民间歌谣的文化功能和艺术特色

歌谣是人类口头与非物质文化遗产的组成部分,宁波地区的民间歌谣有着悠久的历史传统,在民众日常生活中起着重要的作用.文章从娱乐、审美、教化等方面对宁波歌谣的基本功能进行探讨,并对宁波歌谣丰富的内容、多样的表达形式进行了归纳总结.     

衡水湖水文化简论

水是源,文化是魂.衡水湖作为京南第一湖,国家级自然保护区和水利风景区,水文化十分丰富,既有水工程、水环境、水景观等物质形态的水文化,又包含水哲学、水法规、水文艺、治水理论和水著作等精神形态的水文化.     

从《沧浪之水》看当代知识分子的精神困境

长篇小说<沧浪之水>是一部具有丰富阅读意义和阐释价值的"思想小说"、"哲理小说".其最重要的主题就是当代知识分子的蜕变.知识分子出路何在?作为提问者的作家本身即典型知识分子.考察分析池大为的自省和阎真的创作谈,可以看到清醒的作家其实也很迷茫.而公开发表过<沧浪之水>评论的评论者,大多又保守且软弱,没有足够的精神力量找到知识分子的出路.这便是当前知识分子陷入精神困境的表征之一.