Research on spatial association rules mining in two-direction

In data mining from transaction DB, the relationships between the attributes have been focused, but the relationships between the tuples have not been taken into account. In spatial database, there are relationships between the attributes and the tuples, and most of the associations occur between the tuples, such as adjacent, intersection, overlap and other topological relationships. So the tasks of spatial data association rules mining include mining the relationships between attributes of spatial objects, which are called as vertical direction DM, and the relationships between the tuples, which are called as horizontal direction DM. This paper analyzes the storage models of spatial data, uses for reference the technologies of data mining in transaction DB, defines the spatial data association rule, including vertical direction association rule, horizontal direction association rule and two-direction association rule, discusses the measurement of spatial association rule interestingness, and puts forward the work flows of spatial association rule data mining. During two-direction spatial association rules mining, an algorithm is proposed to get non-spatial itemsets. By virtue of spatial analysis, the spatial relations were transferred into non-spatial associations and the non-spatial itemsets were gotten. Based on the non-spatial itemsets, the Apriori algorithm or other algorithms could be used to get the frequent itemsets and then the spatial association rules come into being. Using spatial DB, the spatial association rules were gotten to validate the algorithm, and the test results show that this algorithm is efficient and can mine the interesting spatial rules.     

实践出真知:软件工程硕士研究生教学的尝试与探讨

Software industry oriented education faces more challenges than traditional research and discipline oriented education.To meet these challenges,the Learning by Doing teaching pattern plays an important role in the software industry oriented education.Practice and experience in the teaching of Master of Software Engineering(MSE)students in the Software School of Sun Yat-sen University are presented in the paper.From our viewpoint of MSE education,the success comes from a good trade-off between Learning by Doing lectures and theoretical lectures.Furthermore,feedback and communication are critical and requisite for the successful application of Learning by Doing teaching pattern.     

地价监测点空间配置模式研究——以重庆市主城区为例

地价监测点的配置是地价动态监测体系建立中最基本、最关键的一个环节,在对地价监测点内涵分析的基础上,结合了重庆市主城区的实际情况划分地价监测区域,分别建立地价监测点的定量和定位配置模型对重庆市主城区地价监测点进行配置,力求为重庆市乃至全国范围内地价监测点的空间配置在理论和技术上有所帮助。     

基于景观生态学的长春ReBAM游憩景观研究

ReBAM逐渐成为重要的旅游地域,但是长春ReBAM内各游览区处于散兵游勇式的状态,因此着眼于游憩景观空间结构对郊区进行研究具有积极意义。本文基于景观生态学理论,梳理了长春ReBAM的基质特色、游憩斑块类型和等级以及廊道体系,设计了社区型旅游地,最后从游憩时空体系和旅游线路两方面整合了郊区景观,可以指导游憩项目的设置和旅游产品的营销。     

Vegetation Spatial Heterogeneity of Different Soil Regions in Inner Mongolia, China

The vegetation spatial heterogeneity and ecological characteristics in different soil regions were analyzed by surveying the vegetation in 12 different soil regions of Inner Mongolia, China, including conifer- ous-broadleaf deciduous forests, shrub, grassland, and desert regions with 1122 large 2 cm × 2 cm quad- rats (actual size 30 km × 30 km, referred to as L-quadrat hereafter) in about 1.18 million km2. Each L- quadrat was divided into four small 1 cm × 1 cm quadrats (actual size 15 km × 15 km, S-quadrat). The vegetation was analyzed based on the beta-binomial distribution to describe the frequency of occurrence and spatial heterogeneity for each kind of vegetation. The weighted average of the heterogeneity of all vegeta- tion in the same soil region provides a measure of the soil regional landscape level heterogeneity which de- scribes the spatial complexity of the regional landscape composition of the existing vegetation. Comparison of the vegetation characteristics in the 12 soil regions shows that, the calcic gray soil has the highest average vegetation type per quadrat. The largest soil region is calcic chestnut soil and has the most vegetation types. Every soil region has its own dominant vegetation sequence which dominates in occurrence and dominant vegetation types which dominates in spatial heterogeneity. For the Inner Mongolian vegetation, the weighted average of the heterogeneity is 0.60 and the vegetation diversity index is 4.47.     

基于声线跟踪法的稳态声场空间分布计算

使用一种新的声线跟踪模型来预测稳态声场的能量分布,声场空间分布能通过一次仿真就得到预测并成像.接收球在这种方法中没有被使用,因为预测的目标不是一个点而是整个三维空间.首先建立一个三维的能量数组以模拟整个声空间,该数组的行数,列数和层数分别与声空间的宽,长和高成正比.能量数组中的每一个元素被用于记录声空间中某一个小立方体的声强,而该元素在数组中的位置与该立方体在声空间中的位置相同.每根声线的传播路径都被跟踪,其传播路径将被离散化为一系列均匀分布而又密集的节点,每个节点的坐标都被计算出来以找到能量数组中位置相同的元素,该节点的声强将被记录在它所对应的数组元素中.当全部声线都被跟踪完毕时,声强空间分布就已经建立在能量数组中了.某一个平面内或某一条线上的声强级和声压级分布都可以直接根据能量数组中的值计算出来并成像.在进行的实验中对稳态声场的声压级进行测量和预测,发现预测结果与实验结果吻合很好,因此这种新的声线跟踪模型的有效性得到证明.     

基于面向对象思想的矿体三维数据模型

为了解决地下矿体解译和圈定问题,采用面向对象的方法,分析了矿体三维模型,论述了矿体构模过程,矿体三维数据模型元素的表达,抽象成矿体模型类库,最终建立矿体的三维数据模型的过程,并成功地建立了国内某大型铁矿三维矿体模型.研究结果表明:面向对象思想建立矿体三维数据模型有效且实用.该成果对矿床采矿设计、开拓生产提供更直观、更可靠的研究手段.     

压顶梁作用的弹性地基梁法的分析

考虑压顶梁对围护结构的约束作用和土压力的空间效应,对现有弹性地基梁法进行改进,结合工程实例,分析了压顶梁约束下围护结构内力及变形的规律,并与平面问题进行了比较.     

宝鸡市干旱气候特征分析

干旱是宝鸡市主要的气象灾害之一，根据宝鸡市１９５３年～１９９７年１１个县站的干旱史料，统计分析得出干旱的时空分布特点是：川原地区干旱突出，山区较轻，春夏旱严重，秋冬旱较轻；气候特征表现为：大旱年降水偏少程度减少６０％以上，气温偏高０．７～３．５℃。最后，探讨了干旱气候形成的主要原因。     

商周玉琮功用浅议

在中国古代文化中,玉琮有其特殊的历史地位,散发着浓郁的气息.它在静止状态中凝聚着张力;在祭祀的烟火缭绕中,它当然又能造成一种静穆和神秘的气氛.