涡运动:混沌与混合机理

本文综述了利用非线性动力学方法研究有涡流动的进展,并讨论了它们在流体混合机理研究中的应用.     

莱州南部地区黄金资源遥感勘探

用陆地卫星ＴＭ数据制作遥感影像图，在遥感影像图上识别旋扭构造，建立旋扭构造的数学模型，用已知金矿矿脉、岩脉、断裂、河流为控制点，用旋扭构造的数学模型绘制旋扭构造的旋回面（断裂破碎带），即预测的金矿矿脉，再用地质资料的钾化、绢英岩化，黄铁矿化等金矿围岩蚀现象和地面调查资料验证，为化探，槽探、钻探作准备。     

绕横向振动圆柱分离流动的数值研究

本文用由作者提出并发展的一种基于区域分解思想.综合了解N—S方程的有限差分法及涡法各自优点的新数值方法,研究了均匀流绕横向振动圆柱的分离流动,考察了圆柱振动对涡旋脱落,升力,阻力等的影响.成功地模拟了“锁定”这一重要的液固相互作用的非线性现象。计算结果与国外实验结果和其他计算结果符合较好。     

Spiral rainband in a numerically simulated tropical cyclone

Spiral rainband is a prominent structure of tropical cyclone. Though its forming mechanism, vortex Rossby wave theory, has been widely accepted in recent years,its internal structural features are still not well known. The spiral rainband in the severe tropical storm Kammuri (2002),which caused heavy rainfall in southeast China, is simulated using the mesoscale model MM5 (V3). Results show that the simulated spiral rainband propagates azimuthally at a speed close to that of vortex Rossby wave in theory, and is accompanied with energy dispersion in the radial direction. The structural features of simulated spiral rainband are analyzed with the high-resolution model output including the full physical process. Positive vorticity, ascending motion, horizontal momentum and so on are highly concentrated in the spiral rainband. The convergent moisture of spiral rainband comes mostly from the planetary boundary layer under 1 km.Airflow from the outside of spiral rainband is convective instability, which can provide instability energy for convection development. However, the atmospheric stratification in the inside of spiral rainband is neutral, implying that the instability energy has been released. There is a mesoscale strong wind band just near the spiral rainband in the outer side with a maximum wind speed exceeding 30 m/s, which results from the pressure force acceleration when the air flows into the spiral rainband along the gradient of pressure.     

High resolution stalagmite δ18O records over the past 1000 years from Dongge Cave in Guizhou

Based on MC-ICP-MS U-series dating andstable O-isotope analysis results, a 4-5 years resolution monsoon record over the past 1000 years has been established for two stalagmites from Dongge Cave, Guizhou. The high resolution oxygen isotope record serves as a proxy for variations in rainfall of Asian southwest monsoon over the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. A close relation of the δ18O record with the A^14C record from tree rings largely reflects impact of centennial-scale solar activity on the monsoon climate changes. The conspicuous decrease in the δ18O value at AD 1720 indicates an abrupt increase in monsoon rainfall, suggesting that an atmospheric-oceanic couple over the tropical Indian Ocean plays an important role in rapid increase of the Northern Hemisphere temperature over the last century.     

鄂西南地区松褐天牛生物学特性及发生规律研究

采用室内饲养观察法与饵木诱集观察法，对松褐天牛（Monochamus alternatus Hope)在湖北西部地区的生活习性、生活史、发生规律进行了研究。结果表明，该虫在该地区1年1代，以低龄幼虫和老熟幼虫分别在韧皮部和木质部的虫道内越冬。翌年4月中旬化蛹，5月上中旬始见成虫，5月下旬至6月下旬为成虫羽化盛期。幼虫于6月中旬开始取食，10月进入越冬。发育期温度升高可缩短各虫态的发育历期。多雨潮湿可抑制成虫活动和幼虫感病。在树干的中段虫口密集。成虫喜食长势良好的树木枝皮，喜欢在新伐倒木和生长衰弱的立木上产卵，采用饵木和诱捕器诱集效果良好，为该虫的防治和预测预报提供了可靠的理论依据。     

磁化等离子体中的涡旋湍流和反常扩散

研究磁化等离子体中短波漂移阿尔芬波涡旋结构．采用涡旋气体动力学模型，估计出等离子体涡旋湍流谱，并求出反常扩散系数．研究结果表明，涡旋湍流产生的反常扩散系数与扰动场振幅的平方根成正比．