沁水盆地南部煤层气井生产历史拟合与井网优化研究

以煤储层地质特征和煤层气井生产数据为依据,以沁水盆地南部3口典型压裂直井为例,利用COMET3数值模拟软件对3口煤层气井排采数据进行了反演,确定了煤层气储层的渗透率与含气量等重要的储层参数和工程参数,探讨了煤层气井产能影响因素的敏感性,提供了研究区单井低产能部位煤层气井网部署及优化方案。研究表明：绝对渗透率变化对煤层气单井产能的影响最为显著,相对渗透率曲线形态、含气饱和度与Langumir常数对单井产能的影响依次减弱;井网井距的合理布置可以有效形成区域压降、提高单井产能;研究区低产井周围宜采用煤储层裂隙发     

Mo isotopes in the Lower Cambrian formation of southern China and its implications on paleo-ocean environment

Over the past decade, as one of nontraditional stable isotopes, Mo isotope has developed rapidly and now become an important geochemical proxy to trace paleo-oceanic and atmospheric evolution through geological history. In this paper, Early Cambrian formations in southern China are investigated. The results indicate that δ 97/95Mo values of Early Cambrian seawater may have been larger than 1.4‰, values that are close to those of the modern ocean. It was also found that the variations in Mo isotope composition in samples from two sections （Huangjiawan and Gezhongwu in Guizhou） were closely related to changes in redox conditions during sedimentary processes. Combining our results with existing data, a preliminary model for the evolution of seawater Mo isotope composition through geological history was provided. It indicated that Mo isotopic variations were generally consistent with the evolution of atmospheric oxygen.     

Modeling impacts of East Asian Ocean-Land thermal contrast on spring southwesterly winds and rainfall in eastern China

Using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction–National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCEP–NCAR） reanalysis dataset, the NOAA’s Climate Prediction Center’s merged analysis of precipitation, and the MM5v3 Meso-scale Model, the impacts of surface temperature differences between the East Asian land and its adjacent oceans on spring southwesterly winds and rainfall over eastern China are studied. The modeling results show that the temperature differences exert strong influence on the occurrence of the southwesterly winds and rainfall over southern China and their northward advances. When surface temperature increases over the land and decreases over the oceans, the temperature gradient with a winter feature earlier changes toward the gradient with a summer feature. Both the low-pressure system east of the Tibetan Plateau and the subtropical high-pressure system over the western Pacific strengthen, accompanying with the strengthening of the lower-tropospheric southwesterly winds over eastern China. Accordingly, the upward motion increases over the Yangtze-Huaihe River （YHR） valleys and decreases over southern China, leading to an increase of spring rainfall over the YHR valleys and a decrease over southern China. Thus, the rain belt over eastern China appears over the YHR valleys but not over southern China. Under a weaker condition of the spring thermal contrast, the rain belt does not occur over eastern China. When the spring thermal contrast pronouncedly strengthens, the rain belt over southern China may advance northward into the YHR valleys during spring, though there is no onset of the tropical monsoon over the South China Sea. This forms a rain belt similar to that of the YHR valleys during the summer Meiyu period.     

Pulleniatina Minimum Event during the last deglaciation in the southern South China Sea

The planktonic foraminiferal faunal census of core MD 05-2894 （7°2.25′N, 111°33.11′E, water depth 1982 m）, retrieved from the southern South China Sea （SCS） during the ＂Marco Polo＂ cruise in 2005, was performed to investigate the abundance changes of a subsurface dweller, Pulleniatina obliquiloculata. The results display that the abundance of P. obliquiloculata nearly declines to zero during 16.0--14.9 ka, corresponding to the Heinrich 1 （H1） cold interval. The unexpected decrease of P. obliquiloculata occurs in the adjacent cores, roughly between 17 and 14.8 ka based on the previous studies. Accordingly, the Pulleniatina Minimum Event in the last deglaciation can serve as a good stratigraphical indicator, at least in the southern SCS. To further explore the changes of sea surface temperature （SST） and subsurface seawater temperature （SSST）, we made parallel Mg/Ca measurements on surface dweller Globigerinoides tuber and subsurface dweller P. obliquiloculata tests. Since the last deglaciation, the SSTs show a continuous increasing trend towards the late Holocene, while the warming of the subsurface water is punctuated by a 2℃-cooling interval across the deglacial Pulleniatina Minimum Event. Both increased 5180 differences between G. ruber and P. obliquiloculata, and increased temperature differences between surface and subsurface water suggest a shoaling of the mixed layer during the deglacial Pulleniatina Minimum Event. Therefore, we consider that the significant changes in the upper ocean structure are responsible for the Pulleniatina Minimum Event during the last deglaciation in the southern SCS.     

天山北侧前陆盆地异常高压成因研究

天山北侧前陆盆地即准噶尔盆地 ,该盆地南缘存在严重的超高压异常现象。异常高压的成因主要为“沉积型”和“构造型”两种造压机制 ,其形成演化分为拉张沉积期静水压力阶段、沉积造压及压力封存箱形成阶段和压力封存箱挤压增压阶段。利用有限元模拟法计算研究区主应力值 ,建立主应力值与异常压力系数的匹配关系 ,预测准噶尔南缘紫泥泉子组异常压力平面分布特征。     

ENSO对东亚夏季风和我国夏季降水的影响研究进展

回顾了最近几年我国学者在ENSO对东亚夏季风和我国夏季降水影响方面的研究成果,通过夏季风时降水的影响分析ENSO对夏季降水的作用,结合1997-1998年的ENSO现象,对前人的理论和统计结果进行了讨论,指出除了ENSO发生的时间、区域、强度外,其增长和衰减率在这一问题的研究中也值得关注。     

不同饵料系列对漠斑牙鲆苗种培育效果的影响

报道了不同饵料系列对漠斑牙鲆苗种成活率和生长率的影响.32.0万粒的受精卵经57 d培育,共获得全长2.7～5.5 cm的鱼苗16.6万尾.在仔鱼开口后自始至终加投配合饵料的饵料系列组(B组)的成活率比在35日龄才开始驯化配合饵料的饵料系列组(A组)的成活率高.初孵仔鱼至变态伏底时A、B组的成活率分别为58.9%和88.7%,从变态伏底始至出苗时全长平均为3.84 cm的A、B组幼鱼的成活率分别为79.0%和83.6%,从初孵仔鱼至出苗时的A、B组的总成活率分别为46.5%和72.4%,而两组的生长率差异不大.     

南方草地农业潜力及其食物安全意义

讨论了南方地区草地农业的主要类型,并结合粮食安全问题分析了南方草地农业的发展潜力。分析表明,南方地区水热条件优越、土地类型多样,具有发展多种草地农业系统的巨大潜力。其中典型的南方草地农业系统包括山地温带多年生人工草地、冬闲田黑麦草、冷季和暖季相结合的一年生饲草系统,以及林草复合系统。随着经济的快速发展,直接口粮消费不断下降,而动物源食物消费不断增长,这就为草地农业发展带来良好机遇。简单推算表明,南方发展草地农业、实行以草代粮是可行的,而且潜力巨大。     

The altitude effect of δ 18O in precipitation and river water in the Southern Himalayas

The lapse rate of water isotopes is used in the study of the hydrologic cycle as well as in the estimation of uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.The greater elevation contrast in the Southern Himalayas allows for a detailed discussion about this lapse rate.We analyze variations of 18δO in precipitation and river water between 1320 m and 6700 m elevations in the Southern Himalayas,and calculate the specific lapse rate of water 18δO.The results show that the multi-year average lapse rate in precipitation over this region is 0.15‰/100 m.The one-year average lapse rate is 0.17‰/100 m from three sites along the Southern Himalayas.The two results agree,but are much lower than the global average of 0.28‰/100 m.This work also shows that there is a difference in precipitation 18δO lapse rate between the monsoon and non-monsoon seasons.The calculated precipitation lapse rate is much lower than that in surface water.     

新疆天山北麓历史时期人地系统演化过程研究

历史上天山北麓人地系统演化是一部农业演化史,演化过程包括游牧社会和农业社会前期两个阶段,对这两个阶段各个时期的人地系统状况研究发现,社会和平时期人地系统和谐,社会动乱时期人地系统失调,人地系统的演化机理是社会、人口、农业经济的协调统一.