松辽盆地南部两井东-木头南地区扶余油层物源分析

通过岩芯观察描述以及分析化验资料的综合分析,从重矿物组合、砂岩厚度及砂地比平面分布、沉积微相以及垂向厚砂体追踪等方面对物源方向进行了判断。研究表明:松辽盆地南部两井东-木头南地区扶余油层存在西南保康沉积体系和南部长春怀德沉积体系。并对每个沉积体系的影响范围和强度变化进行了综合分析和厘定。古物源与沉积体系具有良好的空间配置关系,决定了松辽盆地两井东-木头南地区扶余油层的沉积体系分布格局。沉积物源的研究将有助于油气勘探的部署。     

南亚平宁地区构造对油气成藏要素的控制作用

针对意大利南亚平宁地区复杂逆冲构造使地震成像质量差、圈闭落实难度大、油气成藏特征不清楚的问题, 开展了构造对油气成藏要素的控制作用研究。研究认为,构造演化控制着优质烃源岩的展布;稳定的构造环境对烃源 岩发育起建设作用;剧烈的构造运动起一定的抑制作用;构造带控制储层、圈闭类型以及成藏组合的分布样式。逆冲 褶皱带上主力储集层为白垩系碳酸盐岩,内前渊带储集层为上新统更新统的浊积砂岩,外前渊带储层以上新统浊积 砂岩和中新统碳酸盐岩为主,前隆带主力储层则为中新统白垩系碳酸盐岩。构造古地理控制油气系统的分布。中 生代裂陷拉张阶段,古隆拗分布格局控制了油和伴生气系统。新生代碰撞阶段,前渊带的快速沉降控制了热成因气系 统。第四系随着前陆盆地沉积中心的迁移,生物气系统逐渐随沉积中心向外迁移。     

The pathway of the interdecadal variability in the Pacific Ocean

Cases of the interdecadal variability in the Pacific Ocean and their evolution were examined in the paper with the statistic methods (CEOF and composite analysis) over the period of 1950–1993. Observations of oceanic temperatures in the upper 400 m revealed an obvious region of the interdecadal signals in the central North Pacific. Such signals propagated southwestward, then subducted to the subtropics. The hypothesized link for interdecadal oceanic variability between the subtropics and the tropics, especially with the western tropical Pacific was unraveled in order to detect the cause of decadal signals in the tropics. The thermal anomalies subducted in the central North Pacific east to the dateline only reach 18°N. There has been no further southward propagation since then due to a certain barrier. The origin of the interdecadal signals in the western tropical Pacific was traced to the southern tropical Pacific. There is a meridional pathway around the dateline where the signals were loaded. These variabilities were in the nature of the thermocline circulation.     

Nesting behaviour and prey of Pseudoplisus Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)

Nesting behaviour and prey of two species of Pseudoplisus, a gorytine wasp genus in the sphecid subfamily Nyssoninae, are described. P. natalensis is a solitary nester in southern Africa nesting often in the soil in flower-pots. P. ranosahae in Madagascar nests in the ground in large aggregations. Both species show a high degree of prey specificity. Nests are provisioned only with large adult froghoppers (Aphrophoridae), P. natalensis preying on Ptyelus grossus and P. ranosahae on Ptyelus goudoti.     

Sources and transportation of suspended matter and sediment in the southern Yellow Sea: Evidence from stable carbon isotopes

The concentrations of total suspended matter (TSM) and the compositions of organic stable carbon iso- topes of TSM and bottom sediments were analyzed to study the sources of TSM and sediments and the transportation processes. For this study, 284 TSM samples and 64 sediment ones taken from 67 stations along 7 transects and in 5 layers were collected in the southern Yellow Sea on the cruise in May, 1998. The main sediment transportation pattern in the southern Yellow Sea was obtained by analyzing the distribu- tion characteristics of TSM concentration and particulate organic carbon δ~(13)C values. It was confirmed from the pat- tern that the bottom layer plays a more important role than the surface one in the transportation processes of terrigenous material to the central deep-water area of the southern Yel- low Sea. The Yellow Sea circulation is an important control factor in determining the sediment transportation pattern in the southern Yellow Sea, The carbon isotope signals of sedi- mentary organic matter confirmed that the main material in sediments with high sedimentation rate in the Shandong subaqueous delta originated from the modern Yellow River. The terrigenous sediments in the deep-water area of the southern Yellow Sea are mainly from the abandoned Yellow River and the modern Yellow River, and a small portion of them are from the modern Yangtze material. The amount of terrigenous material from Korean Peninsula and its influen- ce range are relatively limited. The conclusions derived from TSM and stable carbon isotopes were further confirmed by another independent material source tracer-PAHs.     

Sea surface temperature and subtropical front movement in the South Tasman Sea during the last 800 ka

Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude westerlies contribute to the ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean (SO), and drive changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) and the global climate. As the westerlies control directly oceanic fronts, the movement of the subtropical front (STF) reflects the westerlies migration. Thus it is important to understand the relationships between STF movement and the weaterlies, ventilation of the deep SO, ice volume and atmospheric CO₂. To this end, we use two new high-resolution records from early Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 20 (~800 ka) of sea surface temperature (SST) based on Uk’ 37 paleo-thermometer and benthic oxygen isotope (δ¹⁸OB) at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1170B in the southern Tasman Sea (STS), to construct linkages between the marine records and atmospheric proxies from Antarctic ice-cores. During the last 800 ka, the average SST (10.2°C) at Site 1170B is 1.8°C lower than today (annual average 12°C). The highest average SST of 11.6°C occurred during MIS 1, and the lowest average SST of 7.8°C occurred during MIS 2. The warmest and coldest records of 14.7°C and 6.2°C occurred in the MIS 5 and MIS 2, respectively. In the glacial-interglacial cycles of the last 800 ka, variability of reconstructed SST shows that the STF moved northward or southward more than 3° of latitude compared with its present location. In the warmest stage MIS 5, the STF shifted to its southernmost location of ~49°S. In contrast, in the coldest stage MIS 2, the STF moved to its northernmost location of ~43°S. In response to orbital cycles, the westerlies movement led ice volume and atmospheric CO₂ changes, but it was in phase with change in Antarctic atmospheric temperature. Ice volume only preceded atmospheric CO₂ only a little at the 23-ka precession band, lagged the atmospheric CO₂ at the 100-ka eccentricity band, and was in phase with atmospheric CO₂ at the 40-ka obliquity band.     

松辽盆地南部含片钠铝石砂岩储层岩石学特征及成因

 针对松辽盆地南部白垩系含片钠铝石砂岩储层,应用岩石学及同位素地球化学的原理和方法,对含片钠铝石砂岩储层的岩石类型、成岩共生序列和片钠铝石的产状及成因进行系统研究。研究结果显示,含片钠铝石砂岩储层的岩石类型以长石砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩为主,成岩共生序列依次为黏土矿物包壳-次生加大长石-次生加大石英、自生微晶石英、自生高岭石-方解石-油气充注-CO₂ 充注-片钠铝石-铁白云石。松辽盆地南部片钠铝石的δ¹³C_PDB 为-0.342%~0.329%,δ¹⁸O_PDB 变化范围为-1.922%~-0.954%,与已证实形成于无机CO₂背景、且同岩浆活动有成因联系的片钠铝石极为相近;而与片钠铝石平衡的CO₂气的碳同位素值为-0.992%~-0.423%,与松辽盆地南部CO₂气藏中CO₂的碳同位素一致,说明松辽盆地南部片钠铝石与气藏中的CO₂具有相同的碳来源,均为幔源-岩浆成因。     

新疆准噶尔盆地南缘不同生境下的梭梭和柽柳生理生态特性

以在新疆准噶尔盆地南缘自然荒漠区、自然人工交错带、人工种植区等3种不同生境类型下的梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron(C.A.Mey.)Bge)和柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima Ldb)为研究对象,测定植物叶片的丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)3种保护酶活性,研究不同生境下梭梭和柽柳的生理生态特性,为准噶尔盆地南缘植被的恢复与重建提供理论依据。结果表明,自然荒漠区和人工种植区的柽柳和梭梭丙二醛含量较多,保护酶活性较高。而自然人工交错带上的植株相对于上述2种样地,丙二醛含量和保护酶活性都较低。结合野外调查和数据分析表明梭梭比柽柳具有更强的耐旱性。     

中国南方80个地表水体的酸沉降临界负荷计算

研究了酸沉降对中国南方地表水体的影响。应用动态酸化模型 MAGIC,计算了中国南方 80个地表水体的酸沉降临界负荷。结果表明 :大部分水体的酸沉降临界负荷较高 ,大于 2 kmol.hm- 2 .a- 1 ,呈现地带性分布。西南地区的地表水酸沉降临界负荷高于华东和华南地区 ,这主要是因为南方土壤的酸化敏感性由东南向西北减弱。临界负荷较高 ,表明这些水体对酸化不敏感。地表水酸化不太可能成为中国严重的区域环境问题。但是少数山地水体的酸化趋势值得关注。