基于HHT方法的果蝇鸣声特征提取及分类

 采用HHT方法对同种内2个不同品系果蝇翅振鸣声进行特征分析,分别提取果蝇翅振鸣声前10阶IMF能量与信号总能量的比值,HH谱图的低频段、中频段、高频段的相对能量值作为特征向量.设计BP神经网络分类器识别不同品系果蝇.实验结果表明,用HHT方法提取特征,神经网络识别不同品系果蝇的方法是可行而有效的,为进一步鉴别果蝇种内关系提供了新的思想和方法.     

弦振泛频分析及演奏中的泛音

根据弦振驻波的规律,证明了弦乐器振动中各次振动的振幅递减之规律,给出了演奏中准确的泛音触弦位置,揭示了拉弦类乐器泛音的物理本质,是设计扩展音域、增加自然泛音的理论根据。     

多点损伤梁的波传播与振动功率流特性

基于结构噪声的观点研究了在集中力作用下多点损伤梁的波传播与振动功率流特性．采用局部转动弹簧来模拟梁中的损伤,利用断裂力学的有关理论得到局部弹簧的转动刚度。分析得到了两点损伤梁的弯曲波运动及振动功率流的输入和传播．讨论了振动功率流与损伤位置及其深度的关系,结果表明多点损伤梁中的振动功率流与各损伤点的位置以及其特征尺寸是相关联的．     

摩托车声品质评价的神经网络方法

针对声品质评价过程中线性回归模型评价结果的不足,采用BP神经网络对人的主观评价结果进行预测.采集摩托车在不同发动机转速下驾驶员耳旁的声信号样本,采用分组成对比较法进行主观评价试验,选取了响度、尖锐度、粗糙度作为神经网络模型输入参数,结合主观评价结果对模型进行训练与检验,并与线性回归模型输出结果进行比较.结果表明,选取驾驶员双耳响度、尖锐度、粗糙度作为模型输入能够较为准确地反映人耳对摩托车噪声的主观感觉.     

Indirect and direct acoustic aggression in cicadas: first observations in the Palaearctic genus Tibicina Amyot (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cicadidae)

Tibicina Amyot is a cicada genus of the Palaearctic biogeographical region with seven taxa (species and subspecies) distributed in France. As in other cicadas, the sound production by tymbal vibration is restricted to males. In Tibicina, males are attracted by conspecific calling songs and tend to form groups of several individuals which maintain a minimal distance between each other. Observations based upon male–male interactions in such aggregations and on some preliminary experiments conducted with males kept in captivity revealed for the first time both indirect and direct aggression. Spacing and chorusing are interpreted as a by-product of indirect aggression mediated through the calling song. Direct aggression occurred when spacing is not respected. It is achieved through a ritualistic sequence that involves mainly the production of the rivalry song, an acoustic signal previously reported in the literature for two cicada species only. In addition, satellite males and male–male courting are reported. These preliminary results suggest that the sound social organization in the genus Tibicina is more elaborate than first suspected and should be reconsidered in terms of lek behaviour and sexual selection.     

超声热疗中媒质特性对声聚焦的影响

以凹球面自聚焦超声换能器为例,用瑞利积分进行数值模拟计算,研究声衰减、声速、温度等参数对声聚焦的影响,并对不同生物组织中声聚焦的特点进行了比较.研究表明,不同的媒质的特性参数聚焦表现出不同的特点.声衰减系数增大,则焦斑向声源靠近且焦斑缩短;声速越大,则焦距越小,但焦域最大声压值升高,焦斑的面积增大;温度变化不大时,对声聚焦的影响不明显.     

水中气泡群对水声信号传播的影响

从单个气泡的存在形式及其物理意义出发,针对水中声波对气泡的作用,进而形成的共振现象,阐述了气泡的“消声”特点．为今后靶场水声设备的建设以及相关试验,提出了重点关注的事宜．     

浅谈汉语术语的形音义规范

定形、定音、定义是汉语术语规范工作的重要内容。形态方面，汉语术语的构成要素、科技名词用字、术语的正名和异名等需要加以注意；语音方面，拼写规则、特殊字形注音和多音字读音等当妥善处理；定义方面，需总结术语定义内容的各种形式特征，论证其理据性。     

玉林桥背话音系

桥背话属闽南次方言，通行于广西王林市茂林镇上桥背、下桥背和石圳塘等几个自然村。本文具体地描写桥背话音系，包括声韵调及其特点，并列出同音字表。     

Preparation, structure, and properties of polyurethane foams modified by nanoscale titanium dioxide with three different dimensions

TiO2-based nanosheets (TiNSs), TiO2-based nanotubes (TiNTs) were prepared by hydrothermal processing, and polyurethane foams with TiO2 nanopowders (P25), TiNSs and TiNTs were synthesized by free-rising foaming method. The Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra show that the addition of titanium dioxide does not affect the chemical structure of polyurethane foam. However, microscope observations show that PU/TiNSs composite foams have more uniform cells and the average aperture smaller than that of pure poly-urethane foams. According to the results of thermal analysis, the PU/TiNSs composite foams have better thermal stability, the temperature of decompostion occurring with a maximum weight loss rate is about 30 ℃ higher than that of pure PU foams. The decompostion temperatures are 167 ℃ and 148 ℃ for the PU/P25 composite foams and the PU/TiNTs composite foams respectively, which are lower than that of pure PU foams. Moreover, with the addition of the fillers, the sound absorption property also has changed; the addition of TiNSs improved the sound absorbing property efficiently. The better thermal stability and sound absorption of PU/TiNSs composite foams are mainly due to the uniform cells diffuse and smaller aperture.