Pituitary growth hormone and hypothalamic somatostatin in young female rats versus old constant estrous female rats

Summary Pituitary content and concentration of growth hormone was significantly reduced, and hypothalamic somatostatin content significantly increased, in old constant estrous as compared to young female rats. Increased levels of somatostatin may contribute to the decrease in pituitary growth hormone levels in these animals.This work was supported by NIH Research grants AG-00416 (J.M.) from the National Institute on Aging, AM-04784 (J.M.) from the NIAMDD, and NIA postdoctoral fellowships AG-05208 (L.J.F.) and AG-05147 (W.E.S.).     

Do prostaglandins mediate the somatostatin preventive effect on gastric lesion?

Summary The inhibition of endogenous prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin treatment blocks the somatostatin preventive effect on the gastric lesions induced in a stress model and has no preventive effect on an intragastric distension model.     

Coexistence of peptides with classical neurotransmitters

Summary In the present article the fact is emphasized that neuropeptides often are located in the same neurons as classical transmitters such as acetylcholine, 5-hydroxy-tryptamine, catecholamines, -aminobutyric acid (GABA) etc. This raises the possibility that neurons produce, store and release more than the one messenger molecule. The exact functional role of such coesisting peptides is often difficult to evaluate, especially in the central nervous system. In the periphery some studies indicate apparently meaningful interactions of different types with the classical transmitter, but other types of actions including trophic effects have been observed. More recently it has been shown that some neurons contain more than one classical transmitter, e.g. 5-HT plus GABA, further underlining the view that transfer of information across synapses may be more compex than perhaps hitherto assumed.     

高原对大鼠中脑内生长抑素含量的影响

本工作选用成年雄性ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠，同平原（上海，海拔５ｍ）直接引入高原（青海天峻，海拔３４６０ｍ）低氧环境，用放射免疫法（ＲＩＡ）研究了大鼠在高原环境３０天慢性习服期间，中脑内生长抑素（ｓｏｍａｔｏｓｔａｔｉｎＳＳ）的含量变化。结果表明，大鼠在３０天低氧一半中，中脑内ＳＳ含量出现有意义的动态变化。１－３天中脑内ＳＳ的含量趋于降低，１５－３０天下降非常显著（Ｐ〈０．０１）。据此认为，大鼠ＳＳ的合成     

CHS对银鲫血清生长激素水平影响的研究

采用草鱼生长激素酶联免疫吸附测定法,研究了一种生长抑素抑制剂(CHS)对银鲫血清生长激素水平的影响.研究结果初步显示:CHS能以剂量依存的方式显著升高银鲫血清GH水平,其中100μg/g剂量升高血清GH水平的效果最为明显,其次是50μg/g的剂量.     

生长抑素类似物通过细胞生长抑制和细胞溶解途径以SSTR2依赖的方式抑制癌细胞增殖

通过在两个具有不同内源性生长抑素受体(SSTR)表达谱的癌细胞系capan-2和A549中过表达SSTR2,用生长抑素类似物(SSA)奥曲肽或者伐普肽(RC-160)处理实验组的癌细胞,对过表达SSTR2和生长抑素类似物的抗肿瘤增殖效果通过细胞增殖实验进行了研究,而且进一步通过免疫印记的方法研究了SSA/SSTR2涉及的信号通路.结果表明,过表达SSTR2明显抑制了内源性SSTR2表达阳性和阴性癌细胞增殖,而单独使用奥曲肽或者伐普肽对癌细胞增殖影响甚微.然而,在过表达SSTR2的癌细胞中奥曲肽或者伐普肽则可明显抑制癌细胞的增殖,而且具有剂量依赖性.深入研究发现SSA/SSTR2是通过细胞周期阻滞和促凋亡来抑制细胞增殖.结果提示SSTR2可作为候选基因用于本身SSTR2表达阳性或阴性肿瘤的基因治疗,细胞内SSTR2的水平可能是影响肿瘤进程和SSA治疗效果的一个关键因素.     

Inhibition by SMS 201-995 of normal mammary gland growth in mice

Summary Twice daily s.c. injection of 5 ng or 50 ng of SMS 201-995 between 25 and 55 days of age induced a significant retardation of normal mammary gland growth in C3H/He virgin mice, associated with the reduced plasma GH level. Meanwhile, plasma prolactin level and the pattern of estrous cycle were affected little by SMS treatments. The results indicate an involvement of GH in normal mammary gland growth in mice.