柴胡与高寒藏药-川西獐芽菜科间体细胞杂交

川西獐芽菜原生质体用强度为 2 6 0 μw/cm2 紫外线照射 1、2、3min后 ,与狭叶柴胡原生质体在PEG诱导下融合 .对融合再生的 4 6个单细胞克隆进行杂种形态学、染色体、同功酶分析 ,结果表明 ,它们中有 32个为体细胞杂种细胞系 .11个克隆在 3个月时再生出完整小植株 .     

Molecular identification of asymmetric somatic hybrids between wheat and Italian ryegrass

Sexual incompatibility between common wheat and Italian ryegrass was an obstacle for transferring useful traits from italian ryegrass to wheat. In order to use those desirable genetic resources to improve wheat and to create new cytoplasmic germplasm, the protoplasts of wheat and Italian ryegrass were successfully electrofused and the somatic hybrid plants were regenerated. Examination with 6 restriction enzymes, 13 probes including 9 mtDNA probes (H454, Pst24, B30, Pro I, 490, B342, pHJ2-7-1, B376, 7), 3 cpDNA probes (pHvc p1, pHvc p5 and pHvc p8) and one nuclear DNA probe-- pTA71 (rDNA) in total 73 enzyme/ probe combinations revealed rich polymorphism between the fusion partners. RFLP analysis indicated that approximately 93.4% of the regenerated plants were true somatic hybrids. AFLP analysis implied that the somatic hybrids were highly asymmetric. The RFLP analysis using mt- and cpDNA specific probes also demonstrated the non-coexistence of mitochondria and chloroplasts from the fusion partners in the somatic hybrid cells.     

Reconstruction of human embryos derived from somatic cells

Reconstruction of human nuclear transfer embryos is a necessary step of therapeutic cloning. In this study we injected somatic cell nuclei into M Ⅱ oocytes and activated reconstructed oocytes with calcium ionophore A23187 (CaA) and 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP). After oocyteactivation and 2PN formation, we removed the female PN.By using this method, we avoided the application of DNA fluorescent stain and ultraviolet light for oocyte enucleation,and over elimination of ooplasm was also mitigated. Some reconstructed embryos developed into the blastocyst stage in vitro.     

植物激素对一品红愈伤组织和胚状体的作用

以一品红幼茎为外植体,接种在培养基(MS+ZT)0.5mg·L-1、NAA0.5mg·L-1、IBA0.5mg·L-1、2,4 D1.0mg·L-1、6 BA1.0mg·L-1诱导愈伤组织,其中以NAA0.5mg·L-1时愈伤组织诱导率最高,为96.4%.将继代培养的愈伤组织,接种到(MS+ZT)1.0mg·L-1+NAA0～2.0mg·L-1、IBA0～2.0mg·L-1、2,4 D0～2.0mg·L-1;(MS+6 BA)1.0mg·L-1+NAA0～2.0mg·L-1、2,4 D0 2.0mg·L-1培养基上,进行胚状体的分化培养,其中以ZT1.0mg·L-1+2,4 D0.5mg·L-1效果最好.     

小麦与高冰草体细胞杂种F5代麦谷蛋白及SDS沉降值分析

通过对普通小麦与高冰草体细胞杂种F5代 175个株系的麦谷蛋白及SDS沉降值分析 ,发现杂种F5代有 10种不同的麦谷蛋白组成 ,并出现了 1Ax1,1Ax2 ,1Bx13,1By16 ,1By8,1Dx5等 6种不存在于亲本小麦中的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基及 1Bx13 1By16 ,1Bx7 1By8,1Dx5 1Dy12等 3种新亚基组合 ,部分杂种中出现了高冰草的麦谷蛋白特征谱带 ;杂种株系的SDS沉降值表现出较大的差异 ,其中一些杂种的SDS沉降值明显高于亲本普通小麦 .结果表明 ,通过体细胞杂交有可能将野生禾草的优良性状引入普通小麦 ,创造出多种不同组成及组合的新种质 ,为小麦品质育种开辟新途径     

河蚬Corbicula fluminea(Müller)的核型分析

本文报导对河蚬(Corbicula flumines)体细胞染色体数的统计及其大小测量,并与蚬属的另外两种进行了核型的比较分析。     

胡萝卜体细胞胚胎发生 Ⅱ胡萝卜体细胞胚的组织学和细胞起源

通过大量的叶柄外植体培养系统切片观察及悬浮细胞和平板培养证明,胡萝卜体细胞胚一般是由单个胚性细胞分裂经2,3,4细胞的原胚阶段发育为胚状体的,进一步证明了其单细胞的起源。实验中也观察到有由愈伤组织细胞团内部的多个细胞共同形成胚状体的现象,和文献中所述的多细胞起源十分类似。     

不同品种红豆草的组织培养与植株再生

对栽培红豆草２个种的８个品种进行了组织培养，均得到了胚性愈伤组织，并有４个品种再生植株。附加２，４－Ｄ１ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＫＴ ０．５－１ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＳ培养基是诱导细胞胚胎发生和保持胚性所必需的。基因型和外植体的来源在胚性愈伤组织的诱导和保持中起着重要的作用。