等温平台石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定高纯铟中痕量杂质铅和砷

利用石墨炉原子吸收法，在等温平台条件下利用标准加入法直接测定了高纯铟中的痕量杂质铅和砷．并对石墨炉加热程序中的干燥时问、灰化温度及原子化温度进行了优化，同时也考察了介质酸度的影响．本方法中铅和砷的特征质量分别为37．8pg和40．7pg，相对标准偏差平均值分别为2．8％和2．0％，加标回收率分别为85．6％～95．4％和97．3％～105．0％，是测定高纯铟中杂质铅和砷的一种简单、快速、准确的方法．     

2004年第6卷总目次

The signals of strain gauge transducers are very small. In consequence, error signals can even exceed the measuring signal amplitudes and therefore must be suppressed by sophisticated measuring circuits. There are absolute physical limits for the resolution of strain gauge transducer signals and the carrier frequency technique can get very close to the boundary of theoretically achievable maximum resolution. Very high gain stability can be achieved with very precise inductive dividers as reference signal sources and with auto-calibration cycles. Realisations of the philosophy are shown for high-precision static measuring units and for universal broadband amplifier systems.     

深层高温高压凝析气井压力分布的简便算法

在流体相平衡理论基础上,综合考虑压力、温度的相互影响及动能变化的影响,同时将流体偏差系数考虑为压力和温度的函数,建立了新的凝析气井井筒压力分布计算模型.计算时将井筒分成若干段,在每段中进行迭代求解.新的压力计算模型与常用的平均温度和平均偏差系数计算方法的实例对比表明,新计算模型具有较高的精度,可用于深度超过4000 m的高温高压凝析气井井筒压力分布计算.     

固体超强酸SO_4~(2-)/Fe_2O_3催化N,N-二乙氨基乙醇与含芳香环的羧酸的酯化反应

用固体超强酸SO2-4/Fe2O3催化N,N 二乙氨基乙醇与9个含芳香环羧酸的酯化反应,合成了9个相应的酯,产率在75%～95.6%之间.讨论了不同的固体超强酸及催化剂用量,溶剂和反应温度,反应时间等因素对酯化产率的影响.实验结果表明:当催化剂用量占反应物总量的3.4%～3.8%,溶剂为二甲苯,反应温度140℃,反应时间6h的条件下,酯化产率最高.     

相律中的组分数研究

封闭体系在状态变化过程中,若化学反应不变,额外制约条件也不变,则组分数就不变;封闭体系在状态变化过程中,若化学反应或额外制约条件发生变化,则组分数就有可能发生变化.在特殊条件下组分数可以是零.组分数无明确的物理意义.     

考虑位置随机性的固体颗粒起动临界流速研究

水平井钻井、砾石充填及冲砂等作业都涉及到固液两相流动的固体颗粒起动问题。液流作用下颗粒的起动与其在床面上的沉没位置有关,沉没位置的随机性导致颗粒起动的随机性。引入颗粒无因次沉没度随机变量,将其概率密度视为均匀分布,考虑颗粒重力、水流推力、上举力、水柱静压力和粒间粘结力以及各力臂与沉没度的关系,通过力矩平衡分析,建立了考虑颗粒起动随机性的临界流速公式。结合无因次沉没度的概率分布函数,在临界流速与颗粒起动标准之间建立了定量关系,为一定颗粒起动标准下的临界流速计算提供了实用公式。用得出的公式进行了实例计算,并将计算结果与已有试验结果进行了对比,在0.001～10mm粒径范围内两者吻合较好。     

Some Problems of Rails For High-speed Railway of China

Acciording to running experience of high-speed railway abroad,a full attention must be paid to some requirements of specifica-tion of rails for high-speed railway,such as materil mechanical properties,rimension tolernces,straightness,surface flatness and so on.It is suggested that the long-length rails should be laid in high-speed railway,and the feasibility of producing,welding and transporting of long-length rails should be researched.On the basis of technical innovation of domestic manufacturers,it is practicable to lay 50-100mlong-length rails should be researched.On the basis of producing,welding and transporting of long-length homemade rails in high-speed railway of China.The following welding programme of rails for hiah-speed railway can be adiop-ted:50-100m long-lenath rails can be welded as 500m long rail string through flash butt welding in plant,then in field the reid string can be welded through a mobile flash butt welding or thermit welding.As the specification of rails or high-seed railway is rigorous.some related techniques to long-length rails should be researched and practised as soon as possible,including mobile flash butt welding tech-nique,transporting and reinforcing techniques of lon-length rails,etc…     

中国公司治理的路径依赖——理论与实证分析

1Introduction　Now ,in orbitspacecraftsdeveloprapidlyinqualityandquantity,whilethegroundTT&Cresourceisrelativelylimi ted .Therefore ,torealizespacecraftautonomousnavigationandpositioningseemsespeciallytobeimportant.Itisoneoftheimportantaspectstoincreasethein orbitspacecraftself containedability .　ExtensiveattentionshavebeenpaidtotheapplicationofGPSinthisarea,andquiteanumberofachievementshavebeengained ,butitisonlythebeginning .　FortheutilizationofGPSinspacecraftnavigationandpo sitioning …     

Velocity Distribution of Slurry in Horizontal Pipe When Solid Particles Sliding

Based on the laws of momentum conservation and impulse in accelerating process, the distribution on speed of ununiform slurry flow in a horizontal pipe was studied. According to the momentum change of solid particles and conveying liquid of slurry flow during accelerating, and some effect factors, the relationship between the speed of solid particles and the speed of conveying liquid was obtained.When dealing with the friction between sliding solid particles and pipe, it is pivotal to reasonably distribute component of friction to each solid particle. The friction coefficient between solid particles was obtained by forces analysis and theoretic calculation, and can be used to calculate the friction force on every solid particle. The effect of friction on speed of ever), solid particle was investigated through the impulse law. The result is more accurate than that by using uniform friction on solid particles. It is completely new method to use above theory to get solid particles speed distribution, conveying liquid speed distribution and slurry speed distribution.     

CIMS环境下SD-PDM系统设计

根据对企业生产和需求的调研,基于现代集成制造系统应用集成平台环境,设计并建立了沈阳电机股份有限公司产品数据管理(SD PDM)系统·确定了SD PDM的功能需求,主要包括项目管理、任务管理、过程管理及产品结构和配置管理·建立了由应用层、数据库层、网络层和系统层组成的4层开放式体系结构,进行了系统的功能设计,给出了SD PDM系统的操作流程·最后分析了系统技术平台选择、编码规则设计和用户权限限制等几点关键技术·SD PDM系统已在企业投入使用,提高了企业管理水平,缩短了制造和供货周期·