热声制冷效应的实验研究

介绍了热声能量转换的物理机制，并在此基础上，研制了一套热声能量转换的实验验证装置，从而不仅验证了热声制冷效应的确定存在，而且指出了这一新颖制冷方式的广阔的发展前景。     

太阳耀斑爆发对我国夏季雷暴活动的影响

本文研究了我国１８５个气象测站１９７１～１９８０年夏季雷暴活动频数对２级以上太阳耀斑的影响。江、浙、皖、赣一带耀斑爆发后雷暴平均频数比爆发前提高（４０～４３）％；而华北地区和东北地区则降低（１９～３１）％。经Ｓｔｕｄｅｎｔ－ｔ检验，耀斑爆发前后雷暴频数平均值的差异显著性分别通过了优于１０－５、５×１００３及１０－４的置信度检验．     

上海近数十年城市发展对气候的影响

本文通过对上海市气象台(位于市区龙华)近数十年气侯资料前后时期的历史分析,并与同时期郊县气候记录对比,滤去区域气候因素的影响,结合上海城市发展的特征,发现由于城市人口密度、建筑物密度和能源消耗量等的快速增长,导致上海城市气侯发生一定程度的变化。其最突出的表现是:城市热岛效应效著,城乡气温差别逐渐增大;域区风速和湿度渐次减小;雾日数和晴天日数减少,低云量和阴天日数增多;太阳直接辐射和总辐射减少,散射辐射和混浊因子加大。观测实践证明:上海“城市发展”这个人为因素对当地气候确实具有明显的影响。     

溴化锂水溶液降膜吸收水蒸汽的研究

本文综述了前人的研究成果,根据当前实际使用中的溴化锂吸收式制冷机降膜吸收水蒸汽的基本特性,经过适当假设与简化,建立了有关溴化锂水溶液喷淋降膜吸收水蒸汽的物理模型。通过数学求解,获得了简单的数学表达式。由此表达式算出的结果与试验的实测结果相当吻合,从而证明了本研究所提出的物理模型能够相当有效地描述溴化锂水溶液水平管外喷淋降膜吸收低压水蒸汽的传热质过程。     

用开路电压衰减法测量p-n结太阳电池少子寿命的若干问题

本文根据p-n结电容放电理论为采用开路电压衰减法测量太阳电池异常少子寿命提出修正计算公式,分析指出,电池光致注入与电致注入少于寿命不同是由于p-n结基区少于寿命中的有效分量不同造成的。此外,还讨论了电致注入少子寿命测量技术。     

平面反射板对太阳池集热性能的影响

本文提出了太阳池反射板的数学模型,并进行了计算。结果表明,加设平面反射板可以提高小型太阳池的集热性能,尤其在冬季其效果更加明显。     

带节能器螺杆制冷循环及其热力学分析

本文在论述带节能器的螺杆制冷循环的基础上,着重分析压缩机的压缩过程,得到整个压缩过程包括四个阶段;给出了该循环的(火用)分析法;阐明了循环(火用)效率提高的本质;指出了进一步提高其经济性的途径,本文可供设计和设备改造时参考使用.对实例的(火用)分析表明,该循环的能量利用经济性明显提高,其(火用)效率(或制冷系数)较相应的不带节能器的循环高20%以上.在相同工质、相同工况的条件下,本文的计算结果与文献提供的实测数据十分吻合.     

Adsorption refrigerationgreen cooling driven by low grade thermal energy

With the worldwide development of the economy,the energy consumption is quickly increasing, and theproblems of environmental pollution and energy shortageare becoming more and more serious. Green cooling (en-vironmental benign refrigeration), such as adso…     

Synthesis of TiO2 nanotubes film and its light scattering property

TiO2 nanotubes with diameters of 10 nm and lengths up to 600 nm were fabricated by directly using commercial TiO2 powders P25 as the precursors via sonication-hydrothermal combination approach. TiO2 nanotubes were characterized by means of X-ray powder diffractometer （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, selected area electron diffraction pattern （SAED） and transmission elec- tron microscope （TEM）. The light scattering property of film electrodes modified with TiO2 nanotubes was studied and revealed that TiO2 nanotubes can be used as the light scattering centers to increase the light absorption in dye-sensitized solar cells. The TiO2 nanotubes film electrodes mixed with 10% small nanoparticles TiO2 had both strong light scattering property and fine mechanical characteristics, and this kind of electrodes can be used as electrodes in improving the conversion efficiencies of dye-sensitized solar cells.     

High resolution stalagmite δ18O records over the past 1000 years from Dongge Cave in Guizhou

Based on MC-ICP-MS U-series dating andstable O-isotope analysis results, a 4-5 years resolution monsoon record over the past 1000 years has been established for two stalagmites from Dongge Cave, Guizhou. The high resolution oxygen isotope record serves as a proxy for variations in rainfall of Asian southwest monsoon over the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. A close relation of the δ18O record with the A^14C record from tree rings largely reflects impact of centennial-scale solar activity on the monsoon climate changes. The conspicuous decrease in the δ18O value at AD 1720 indicates an abrupt increase in monsoon rainfall, suggesting that an atmospheric-oceanic couple over the tropical Indian Ocean plays an important role in rapid increase of the Northern Hemisphere temperature over the last century.