高温薄层干燥玉米应力裂纹的试验与分析

本文进行了玉米高温薄层干燥试验，分析应力裂纹的形成机理，探讨干燥条件对应力裂纹生成和发展的影响规律．结果显示，应力裂纹的形成与干燥、冷却和储存过程中升温、降温及水分迁移有关，尤其是干后玉米内部水分的重新均匀化过程．籽粒内部的水分梯度造成的籽粒不同组成部分受压和受拉是产生应力裂纹的主要原因。应力裂纹仅仅是内部裂纹，只在胚乳中存在，沿着淀粉颗粒边缘发展．干燥介质温度、速度和样品的初始及终了水分对应力裂纹的发生和发展有重大影响。     

采用出口空气再循环的流化床谷物干燥系统模拟

建立了采用出口空气再循环的流化床谷物干燥系统数学模型，以大麦为物料分别计算了各种不同工况下采用出口空气循环时谷物干燥的能耗及费用等，并就各种计算结果进行了比较与讨论，所得结果对流化床谷物干燥系统参数的确定具有参考价值。     

瓶装物料冷冻干燥的机理及二维模型

基于冷冻干燥机理分析，提出了瓶装物料冷冻干燥的二维数学模型。通过变换将移动界面条件固定(CMI法)后，采用二循环对称分裂法及Godunov差分法的组合对模型进行了求解。此解可以获得物料内部的温度分布及冷冻干燥速率。     

载入海藻糖红细胞冷冻干燥保存的实验研究

探讨载入海藻糖对红细胞冷冻干燥保存的效果.利用硫酸蒽酮比色法测量细胞内海藻糖的含量,对载入海藻糖的红细胞进行了冷冻干燥保存.结果表明,细胞载入海藻糖的最高浓度为35mmol/L,经冷冻干燥后的细胞回收率与血红蛋白回收率提高非常明显,分别为冷冻干燥前的59.78±4.51%和57.49±3.69%;渗透脆性与新鲜红细胞无显著差异.载入海藻糖对红细胞的冷冻干燥保存效果有密切作用.     

量子点在纳米TiO2太阳电池中的应用研究

为提高纳米光电化学电池的光电转换率,研究者们致力于选择不同的敏化剂,其中量子点以其在紫外和可见光区的强吸收性和易于制备等特殊的性质及其种种优点而备受研究者的青睐,阐述了量子点作为纳米TiO2光电化学太阳电池敏化剂的应用研究及敏化机理。     

铸造多晶硅的吸杂

吸杂是减少多晶硅中有害金属杂质的一种有效手段.比较了在800℃、900℃和1 000℃条件下经2 h的磷吸杂、铝吸杂和磷铝共吸杂处理后的多晶硅少子寿命、电性能差异.实验结果表明,磷铝共吸杂少子寿命的增加比仅用磷、铝单独吸杂都明显,但3种吸杂方式对太阳电池电性能都没太大影响;同时发现退火到700℃的热处理并不能有效地改善磷吸杂效果.     

微波干燥制备纳米TiO2的光催化降解活性研究

采用钛酸丁酯的溶胶-凝胶法及微波干燥制备了纳米TiO2光催化剂。通过XRD和BET进行了晶型、平均粒径和比表面积分析表征。以水杨酸为模拟污染物对其进行光催化降解活性实验研究表明，UV光照40min水杨酸降解率达到97％，催化剂重复使用4次水杨酸降解率仍能达到94％。     

Some evidence of drying trend over northern China from 1951 to 2004

The surface wetness index, Palmer drought sererity index and the retrieval of soil moisture over China were calculated using monthly precipitation and monthly mean surface air temperature. Based on the contrast analysis of the variation of the above three indices and precipitation, the dry/wet spatio-temporal pattern of northern China in the last 54 years was revealed, and the evidence of drying trend over northern China was analyzed, especially. The results show the following four facts: (1) The drying trend is the main characteristic of the eastern part of Northwest China and the central part of North China since the 1980s and it was enhanced in the last 15 years mainly due to the precipitation decrease and the temperature increase; (2) During the last 54 years, there was only one dry/wet shift at the interdecadal scale occurring in the eastern part of Northwest China and the central part of North China in the late 1970s, which was related to 1977/1978 global abrupt change, whereas there were three shifts in Northeast China, one was in the mid 1990s and the other two were in 1965 and 1983, respectively; (3) Unlike the variation trend of other subregions of northern China, the western part of Northwest China is currently located in a relatively wetting period, which is weak-ened due to the temperature increase; (4) The extreme drought frequency is obviously increasing in the eastern part of Northwest China, the central part of North China and Northeast China since the 1980s, which is closely related to the precipitation decrease and temperature increase in these subregions.     

DSSC太阳能电池

介绍了染料敏化纳米太阳能电池(DSSC电池)的结构和原理,对纳米TiO2膜、敏化染料、电解质的研究进展进行了综述,并对其应用前景作出展望.     

金星类人生命研究

从广义相对论和黑洞理论出发,论证了太阳系除地球外的其它行星,尤其是金星上可能存在着类人智慧生命.生命认识事物的过程是一个吸收信号电磁波的过程,信号的传递需要时间.金星上可能存在早于人类6 500万年的类人生命,寻找金星人对人类具有重大意义.