Neural correlation of item recognition and voice source retrieval

An experiment was conducted using event-related potentials to investigate the old/new effects of the item recognition and the voice source retrieval tasks on drawing. The results indicated that (1) the old/new effect for the voice source retrieval task was much wider than that of the item recognition task; (2) the distributive characteristics of the voice source memory effect were different from those in previous studies; (3) the old/new effects for target and non-target-old drawings were similar. These results demonstrated that the voice source retrieval task is more difficult than the item recognition task for drawing, which supports the dual-process model. The experimental material and the source characteristic regulate the spatial and temporal distributions of the old/new effect for the voice source retrieval task together.     

Right prefrontal laterality of Chinese boys during a Chinese high conflict Stroop task measured by multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy imaging

Some studies have shown that native Chinese speakers have different laterality in matched Stroop tasks from native English speakers.Recently,many imaging data,which show left laterality of English-matched Stroop interference,have been reported.And a few functional imaging studies have been conducted to investigate the phenomenon of the Chinese version of Stroop task.In this study,functional activity in the lateral prefrontal cortex of a group of normal Chinese boys with functional near-infrared imaging during a Stroop color-word task was measured to show different Stroop interferences in the prefrontal cortex.The results show obvious fluctuation of the cerebral blood volume in the right prefrontal cortex in all boys,which agrees with the finding of previous studies,that is,Chinese native boys have right laterality in their brain when the Chinese version of Stroop color-word task is applied.     

Validation of three infiltration models on purple soil under simulated rainfall

So as to find models suitable for the prediction of water infiltration in purple soil,infiltration rates simulated by three popular empirical infiltration models,Horton model,Kostiakov model,and the modified Kostiakov model,were compared by using those observed results on slope in purple soil under rainfall simulation.28 sets of infiltration data were divided into two parts for parameter estimation and validation independently.The performance of the three infiltration models was evaluated with the Nash and Sutcliffe efficiency criterion.The results show that the percent for Nash and Sutcliffe efficiency greater than 0.7 is about 69.7% for the Horton model,and 48.48%,and 54.55% for the Kostiakov model and the modified Kostiakov model,respectively.Horton model is better than Kostiakov model and the modified Kostiakov model in most rain events in the field.However,Kostiakov model is still suitable for reasonable prediction of the infiltration in purple soil sloping farmland because fewer parameters are needed.Furthermore,rainfall intensity has significant effects on the parameter values used in the simulation models.The simulation results can be improved by choosing suitable parameters according to the rainfall intensity.     

植物对土壤重金属污染修复的研究进展

对植物提取、植物钝化和植物挥发等植物修复技术类型及植物修复机理,包括植物本身分泌特殊物质来螯合溶解难溶性金属;通过某些微生物或微生物与植物的共生体促进植物对重金属的吸收;通过一些土壤改良措施如螯合剂、酸性肥料等的施用增加重金属的有效性,从而提高植物对重金属的提取效率等做了简要论述。分析了目前该研究领域存在的主要问题,以期为修复重金属污染土壤的研究和实践提供参考。     

Microbial communities in microcosm soils treated with battery waste

Battery waste is one of the most destructive hazards to our environment,especially to the soil.In order to understand the effects of the battery waste on the microbial communities in soil,microcosm soils were treated with the powder made from the battery waste.Microbial biomass and respiration were measured after 15,30,45,and 60 days of the treatment,and catabolic capability and Bi- olog profile were determined after 60 days.Microbial biomass was declined by all treatments,while microbial respiration and catabolic ca- pability were enhanced.Although microbial biomass recovered after a period of incubation,microbial respiratory quotient,catabolic capa- bility and community structure remained significantly affected.Our results also suggest that microbial respiratory quotient and Biolog pa- rameters are more sensitive than microbial biomass to the battery stress on bioavailability.     

Daily variation of carbon flux in soils of Populus euphratica forests in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River

In order to lucubrate the daily variation of respiration in soils of Populus euphratica forests and analyze its relationship with environmental factors in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River, the LI-8100 instrument of soil CO2 flux system was used to measure the parameters of soil carbon flux and air temperature 10 cm above ground surface along the profiles of Usyman, Archy River, Yengisu and Karday, and the relationships between the soil carbon flux and the soil moisture content were analyzed. The nonlinear regression analysis was carried out with the software SPSS13.0. We observed that: (1) soil respiration began to be restrained when the air temperature was up to 30℃10 cm above the ground surface; (2) the rates of soil respiration under the forests of Populus euphratica were significantly different at various moisture contents, the soil carbon flux was high along the Usyman profile, which has a high soil moisture content, and it was low along the profiles of Archy River, Yengisu and Karday, which has a low soil moisture content; (3) the exponential model can be used to explain the relationship between soil respiration and air temperature 10 cm above the ground surface. The average Q10 values along the profiles of Usyman, Archy River, Yengisu and Karday are 0. 61, 0.16, 0. 22 and 0. 35 respectively, much lower than the average of the world; (4) there is a positive correlation between the soil carbon flux and the soil moisture content.     

影视镜头的角度

影视镜头的角度,是影视的主要造型角度,它定形影像画面的构图,可以加强场面空间的透视关系,可以再现人物位置关系及叙事关系,可以描摹特定的人物形象,也可以决定影视的视角语言风格,有极强的艺术表现功能。导演、摄影师都非常重视它在影视创作中的作用。     

高斯束谐振系统对遗迹高频引力波方向的选择效应

高斯束谐振系统为早期宇宙遗留的随机高频引力波的探测开启了一个非常重要的窗口．本文指出,当入射引力波的传播方向与高斯束不同时,高斯束谐振系统产生的一阶扰动光子流将降低几个数量级,即高斯束谐振系统只对沿某一特定方向传播的高频引力波产生响应．因此,高斯束谐振系统对高频引力波的传播方向具有良好的选择效应．     

重庆区域中心城市体育产业发展的优势及效应分析

运用文献资料、实证分析等研究方法，结合经济学与社会学相关理论，对重庆区域中心城市体育产业的发展优势及关联效应进行系统分析，并就如何促进区域中心城市体育产业发展提出合理建议，以期为重庆市区域中心城市及整个重庆体育产业的发展提供理论借鉴．     

浅析表象训练在武术跳跃动作训练中的应用

表象训练法是近年来各国教练员和运动员采用的一种心理训练方法,它对于运动员掌握高难度的技术动作有着非常重要的作用;本文通过实验进行对比,结果表明表象训练对武术中的跳跃动作的训练有着良好的效果,这对于提高武术跳跃动作训练质量有着极其重要的作有。