光纤光栅封装耦合对应变传感增敏的实验研究

目的 研究光纤Bragg光栅与基底材料封装耦合对应变传感的增敏问题。方法 选用弹性模量小、耐180℃度高温且对温度敏感极小的有机聚合物材料,对裸光纤光栅进行封装,封装中采用特殊的偶连工艺,实现了封装材料与光纤光栅的牢固耦合并对两种外型尺寸的封装进行了研究对比。结果 封装后的光纤光栅对应变传感有增敏作用,FS光纤光栅取得了较高的应力灵敏度,与裸光纤光栅报道值比较增敏1174倍。结论 封装后的光纤光栅应力响应曲线具有良好的线性。通过对封装结构及尺寸优化,可以实现量程与灵敏度的最优组合。     

Functional investigations of exercising muscle: a noninvasive magnetic resonance spectroscopy-magnetic resonance imaging approach

Muscle fatigue, which is defined as the decline in muscle performance during exercise, may occur at different sites along the pathway from the central nervous system through to the intramuscular contractile machinery. Historically, both impairment of neuromuscular transmission and peripheral alterations within the muscle have been proposed as causative factors of fatigue development. However, according to more recent studies, muscle energetics play a key role in this process. Intramyoplasmic accumulation of inorganic phosphate (P_i) and limitation in ATP availability have been frequently evoked as the main mechanisms leading to fatigue. Although attractive, these hypotheses have been elaborated on the basis of experimental results obtained in vitro, and their physiological relevance has never been clearly demonstrated in vivo. In that context, noninvasive methods such as 31-phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy and surface electromyography have been employed to understand both metabolic and electrical aspects of muscle fatigue under physiological conditions. Mapping of muscles activated during exercise is another interesting issue which can be addressed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Exercise-induced T2 changes have been used in order to locate activated muscles and also as a quantitative index of exercise intensity. The main results related to both issues, i.e. the metabolic and electrical aspects of fatigue and the MRI functional investigation of exercising muscle, are discussed in the present review.Received 4 September 2003; received after revision 4 December 2003; accepted 22 December 2003     

肌肉力量衰退与中老年人的力量训练

从生理生化角度分析了肌肉力量的生长发育规律,以及肌肉中肌纤维和结缔组织的自然衰退规律,阐述了中老年肌肉力量锻炼的必要性与可行性,提出了中老年人进行肌肉力量训练应强化Ⅱ型肌纤维、易衰退肌肉和柔韧性的训练等建议。     

基于延时零拍法的DFB光纤激光器线宽测量

DFB单频光纤激光器输出的超窄线宽作为光学系统中的一个重要参数需要进行准确的测定,因此,采用延时零拍法重点对1053 nm波长的DFB掺Yb3 光纤激光器的超窄线宽进行了测量,并且研究了差拍光电流谱线的输出特性.针对超窄线宽DFB光纤激光器输出的特点设计了相应的光电转换放大电路,测得1053 nm的DFB光纤激光器的线宽为31 kHz.该测量结果对于窄线宽DFB光纤激光器应用于光纤传感、光纤通信领域具有一定的指导意义.     

生态弹性填料及陶粒在微污染水体处理中的应用研究

生态弹性填料是一种模拟天然水草形态加工而成的新型水处理材料，近年来在污水处理中得到了广泛应用。其具有比表面积大、去除有机物容积负荷高、生物附着性好、空隙可变、不易堵塞、适应性强、操作管理简便等优点；陶粒具有较高的孔隙率及适中的密度，所有这些都有利于微生物的生长。本文采用人工湿地作为构筑物对崇明前卫生态村中心湖的水体进行处理，结果表明，经此工艺处理后的水体，CODCr、TP、TN、氨氮等指标达到或优于国家三类水质标准。并为工程实施提供了科学依据。     

Frequency-dependent effect of verapamil on rat soleus muscle

Summary In the presence of verapamil (0.1 mM) rat soleus muscle fibers failed to generate action potentials with overshoots. In fibers with their V_m set to a local level of –90 mV, verapamil produces a gradual reduction in the amplitude of the repetitive action potentials; this effect is more pronounced at high rates of stimulation (100 Hz). Our results suggest a local anesthetic action of this drug that could contribute with its calcium channel blocking effect to the diminished mechanical tension observed in the presence of the drug.Acknowledgments. We thank A. Losavio and M. Stefanolo for technical assistance. This work was supported by grants from CONICET and SUBCYT, Buenos Aires, Argentina and Muscular Dystrophy Association, USA.     

嵌入式网络通信协议的研究与实现

介绍了光纤通道协议的通信原理,针对光纤通道协议通信过程过于繁琐的现状,提出了一种高速率、低延迟的通信方案.同时依据新的通信协议,提出了其实现模型,为以后开发高速率、低延迟的嵌入式网络通信软件提供了方便.     

微机控制阶梯波慢扫描电路

本文介绍了在相对论电子束起初发射度测量系统中我们研制的微机控制阶梯波慢扫描电路工作原理     

Effects of nitric oxide on the contraction of skeletal muscle

A review of the literature suggests that the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on skeletal muscles fibers can be classified in two groups. In the first, the effects of NO are direct, due to nitrosation or metal nitrosylation of target proteins: depression of isometric force, shortening velocity of loaded or unloaded contractions, glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration. The effect on calcium release channels varies, being inhibitory at low and stimulatory at high NO concentrations. The general consequence of the direct effects of NO is to ‘brake’ the contraction and its associated metabolism. In the second group, the effects of NO are mediated by cGMP: increase of the shortening velocity of loaded or unloaded contractions, maximal mechanical power, initial rate of force development, frequency of tetanic fusion, glucose uptake, glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration; decreases of half relaxation time of tetanus and twitch, twitch time-to-peak, force maintained during unfused tetanus and of stimulus-associated calcium release. There is negligible effect on maximal force of isometric twitch and tetanus. The general consequence of cGMP-mediated effects of NO is to improve mechanical and metabolic muscle power, similar to a transformation of slow-twitch to fast-twitch muscle, an effect that we may summarize as a ‘slow-to-fast’ shift.     

不同US—SSY分子筛为基质的加氢处理催化剂的结构及性能

应用ＸＲＤ、ＸＰＳ、ＥＸＡＦＳ、ＩＲ－ＴＰＤ、ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ和脉冲微反等多种物理和化学方法，研究了以冷急和自冷方法制备的ＵＳ－ＳＳＹ分子筛，在与γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３制成混和载体时，两者之间的差异对金属组分在其上的分散和活性组分的形成产生的影响以及给加氢处理催化剂性能带来的变化，为制备高效催化剂提供了科学的依据。