大血管中的血液流动 (一)刚性管情况

本文讨论了血液在大血管中的非定常振荡流动问题,导出了一组血液流动的速度分布、压力分布公式。分析表明,本文公式既适用于入口区域的流动,也适用于远离入口区域的流动;既可描述定常流动,也可描述非定常的振荡流动。数值算例还表明,本文结果不但和已有的理论结果相一致,而且较之简单,并和实验结果相当吻合。     

Particle methods for multiscale simulation of complex flows

The multi-scale structures of complex flows have been great challenges to both theoretical and engineering researches, and multi-scale modeling is the natural way in response. Particle methods (PMs) are ideal constitutors and powerful probes of multi-scale models, owing to their physical insight and computational simplicity. In this paper, the role of different PMs for multi-scale modeling of complex flows is critically reviewed and possible development of PMs in this background is prospected, with the emphasis on pseudo-particle modeling (PPM). The performances of some different PMs are compared in simulations and new development in the fundamentals and applications of PPM is also reported, demonstrating PPM as a unique PM for multi-scale modeling.     

Breakdown of lawsonite subsequent to peak UHP metamorphism in the Dabie terrane and its implication for fluid activity

Abundant occurrences of quartz vein within eclogites in the Dabie-Sulu orogen provide us an opportunity to study metamorphic fluid flow during subduction and exhumation of continental crust. It is, however, usually short of petrological constraints on pressure and temperature of vein formation. This study focuses on kyanite-quartz veins within Iow-T/high-P eclogite in the Dabie terrane that contain unique polycrystalline aggregates, interpreted as pseudomorphs after porphyroblasts of lawsonite. Coesite pseudomorphs were found for the first time in garnet from eclogite, resulting in a revised estimate of peak P-T conditions at 670℃ and 3.3 GPa for the eclogite. This indicates a stability field at graphite/diamond transition, thus upgrading the HP unit to a UHP unit. Neither foliation texture, undulose extinction of quartz nor coesite were observed in quartz veins,although the peak P-T conditions were estimated the same as that in host eclogite in light of thermodynamic calculation based on mineral assemblage in kyanite-quartz veins.Therefore, the formation of the kyanite-quartz veins as wellas the breakdown of lawsonlte into the kyanite-quartz-zoisite assemblage took place during exhumation subsequent to the peak UHP conditions. In this regard, the continental subduction not only brought the water of water-bearing mineral such as lawsonite into the deep mantle, but also released the water from the mineral during exhumation.     

Geothermal field and its relation with coalbed methane distribution of the Qinshui Basin

The average geothermal gradient in the Qin-shui Basin, Shanxi Province, North China, estimated from temperature logging data of 20 boreholes is 28.2±1.03℃/km. The thermal conductivities of 39 rock samples are measured and 20 heat flow values are obtained. The estimated heat flow ranges from 44.75 mW7m2 to 101.81 mW/m2, with a mean of 62.69±15.20 mW/m2. The thermal history reconstruction from the inversion of vitrinite data, using Ther-model for Windows 2004, reveals that the average paleo-heat flow at the time of maximum burial in late Jurassic to early Cretaceous is 158.41 mW/m2 for the north part, 119.57 mW/m2 for the central part and 169.43 mW/m2for the south part of the basin respectively. The reconstruction of the buried history of the strata indicates that the age for the end of sedimentation and the beginning of erosion for the basin is 108-156 Ma, and that the eroded thickness of the strata is 2603 m in the north, 2291 m in the central, and 2528.9 m in the south of the basin respectively. The "higher in the north and the south, lower in the central" distribution pattern of the paleo-heat flow coincides with the distribution of the coal-bed methane spatially and temporally, which shows that the coal-bed methane is controlled by the paleo-geotem-perature field in the basin.     

LM_2钢恒温超塑性及其显微组织的变化

LM_2钢经1050℃快速加热淬火后,基体晶粒尺寸可细化至4.2μm 以下,碳化物平均截线长小于0.32μm。处理后的钢在830～850℃,■=(1.0～2.3)×10~(-2)min~(-1)变形时均可获得较好的超塑性,其最大延伸率为183%,而流变应力仅55.2MPa。在超塑变形中,碳化物长大倾向比单纯温度作用下要大,但不明显。由于该铜原始组织中存在一定数量的一次碳化物,直接影响其超塑性的较好发挥。     

基于MSFG的机载BITE故障定位算法研究

故障定位是机载BITE的重要功能,定位结果的准确性对维修测试有着重要影响。基于多信号流图模型,在构造故障-测试关联矩阵和故障-故障关联矩阵的基础上,引入故障信息矢量和故障定位矩阵,并给出适用于机载BITE故障定位的矢量描述和矩阵定义,进而提出一种简单、有效的故障定位算法。实例验证表明,该算法能够对系统中的故障源进行准确定位。     

甘肃燕儿沟泥石流形成条件及特征参数分析

"5.12"大地震后,甘肃陇南山区地质环境急剧恶化,崩塌、落石、滑坡和地裂缝频发,导致燕儿沟流域内山体更加破碎,为泥石流发育提供了充足的物源条件。在强降雨条件下,极易形成泥石流,严重威胁灾区的生产生活。根据现场调研,对燕儿沟泥石流形成条件进行了分析;并对泥石流的运动学和动力学参数进行了分析计算。结合燕儿沟泥石流形成发育特点,提出了以稳定沟床和排导为主;主、支沟治理相结合;工程治理及生物水保措施相结合的综合治理建议,也为同类工程提供了参考依据。     

盐岩水平溶腔建腔期流体运移实验研究

采用量纲分析法建立实验相似理论并建立模拟实验平台,采用示踪剂方法观测在不同套管间距、流量条件下的流场分布情况,并用高清相机记录。以此归纳总结出盐岩水平溶腔腔内卤水运移可分为三个作用区:对流扩散区、缓冲扩散区和饱和沉淀区。计算了各区域的运移范围,并将实验得出的数据依据相似比换算成实际工程中的数值,为现场盐岩水平溶腔的高速高效建造提供指导。     

配电网的回路阻抗法潮流计算与仿真可视化

提出了一种用于配电网快速潮流计算和仿真信息可视化的新方法:结合十字链表与关联矩阵,给出了阻抗矩阵自动生成算法,并可以任意顺序求解各支路电流和各内节点电压;提出了基于right-looking LU分解法的并行高斯消去算法,利用GPU(图形处理器)加速求解复系数回路阻抗方程组;采用GIS(地理信息系统)和虚拟现实技术,对潮流计算结果进行仿真可视化.仿真算例表明,该方法对节点编号无特殊要求,适用于有环、无环的配电网潮流计算,具有计算速度快、精度高、仿真结果显示直观形象的优点.