Serum creatine kinase in marathon runners

Summary Serum creatine phosphokinase (CK) and CK-MB activity were determined in 21 trained runners participating in a marathon race (42.2 km). Enzyme activities immediately after the race increased two to three times compared with activities before the race. The greatest increases were found in the slowest runners, suggesting greater skeletal muscular trauma in the least trained or fit. As these are likely to include the older athletes who are also more likely to suffer acute myocardial injury during strenuous exercise, our findings assume special import in the interpretation of increased CK and CK-MB serum activities of older athletes.Acknowledgments. The authors wish to thank the members and president of the Columbia Track Club for their cooperation.     

3-甲基组氨酸三室模型在研究猪骨骼肌蛋白质降解中的应用

3-甲基组氨酸(3MH)主要是动物骨胳肌蛋白分解代谢产物，它不能再用于合成蛋白，因而3MH是研究动物骨胳肌蛋白降解率的一个可行示踪物．将标记的3MH经颈静脉注射，对血液中的同位素丰度进行观测，再根据猪体内3MH代谢特点，构建出猪骨胳肌蛋白降解的三分域模型．本文着重对该模型的的理论基础进行了讨论。     

Alanine and aspartate aminotransferases in normal and denervated skeletal muscle

Summary Activities of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases are maintained during the first 5 weeks of growth, but decrease subsequently in normal chick gastrocnemii. In sciatectomized muscles, a 5-fold elevation in these enzymes reveals increased utilization of amino acid as a compensatory metabolic support during denervation atrophy.     

Muscle proteinase activities during compensatory growth and atrophy

Summary Specific activities of cathepsins B and D, but not H, increased in both the tenotomized gastrocnemius and functionally overloaded soleus muscles, thus correlating with previously reported increases in protein degradation. Subsequent denervation of the overloaded soleus caused an additive increase in proteolysis, suggesting a possible greater lability of proteins in this muscle.     

Intramuscular comparison of myosin isozymes and light chains in rat extensor digitorum longus muscle

Summary Complete muscle cross sections were obtained from the proximal and distal third regions of ten rat extensor digitorum longus muscles. Electrophoretic methods were then used to quantify the various myosin isozymes and light chains in each muscle specimen. The results demonstrated that the relative distribution of the various myosin isozyme and light chain variables do not vary significantly between the two sampling regions.     

运动员膝关节动态情况下的肌电特征分析

研究目的在于观察等速运动条件下膝关节屈、仲肌群表面肌电的时域和频域特征变化规律,揭示各屈伸肌的SEMG与运动速度,肌力矩的关系．为研究其他关节肌群功能在方法学上提供一新的实验事实以及为力量训练提供参考依据．     

训练对骨骼肌的影响

骨骼肌作为运动的直接动力来源,是运动员精准完成技术动作的关键。本文从对骨骼肌横截面积的研究、对肌纤维类型和MHC的研究、对mRNA的研究、对蛋白质组的研究等四个方面进行了综述,以期为教练员进行科学的力量训练提供指导。     

运动性骨骼肌适应的炎症诱导机制研究现状

运动人体科学界、运动医学界普遍认为炎症诱导肌卫星细胞激活的机制是运动性骨骼肌适应的最重要机制。运动肌会因机械损伤、缺血／再灌注、钙离子升高尤其牵拉激活型Ca^2＋通道激活导致的Ca^2＋升高,产生肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumornec rosisfactor,TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（interleukin-1β,IL-1β）、白细胞介素-8（interleukin-8,IL-8）等各种促炎症因子。这些细胞因子以内皮细胞为媒介将白细胞尤其是中性粒细胞由血液引向骨骼肌组织导致炎症发生。一定范围内或一定程度的炎症反应过程中,炎症造成的缺氧及炎症募集的ED^2＋巨噬细胞产生的成纤生长因子、胰岛素样生长因子-1会激活卫星,随着卫星细胞内各种肌源性调节因子的程序性合成,卫星细胞并从G0期重返细胞周期,进行细胞的增殖,既实现卫星细胞的自我更新、维持,又有序地进行细胞分化、同损伤肌细胞融合,最终完成骨骼肌的正常生长、损伤肌肉的修复及再生。