An in situ zircon Hf isotopic,U-Pb age and trace element study of banded granulite xenolith from Hannuoba basalt： Tracking the early evolution of the lower crust in the North China craton

Backscattered electron images, in situ Hf isotopes, U-Pb ages and trace elements of zircons in a banded granulite xenolith from Hannuoba basalt have been studied. The results show that the banded granulite is a sample derived from the early lower crust of the North China craton. It is difficult to explain the petrogenesis of the xenolith with a single process. Abundant information on several processes, however, is contained in the granulite. These processes in-clude the addition of mantle material, crustal remelting, metamorphic differentiation and the delamination of early lower crust. About 80% of zircons studied yield ages of 1842 ±40 Ma, except few ages of 3097-2824 Ma and 2489-2447 Ma. The zircons with ages older than 2447 Ma have high εHf (up to +18.3) and high Hf model age (2.5-2.6 Ga), indicating that the primitive materials of the granulite were derived mainly from a depleted mantle source in late Archean. Most εhf of the zircons with early Proterozoic U-Pb age vary around zero, but two have     

Cloning and roles of goldfish maternal factor β-Catenin cDNA in embryonic development

Interaction between nucleus and cytoplasm has been focused in the field of animal embryonic development, in which study of maternal factors is required positively. β-Catenin, an important maternal factor in early embryogenesis, has been analyzed in its expression pattern and functions in this paper. We have cloned goldfish β-Catenin cDNA gene and compared it with zebrafish β-Catenin cDNA. High homology was found in cDNA and in amino acid sequences between them, 93% (2227/2384 bp) and 98.5% (768/780 aa) respectively. The expression pattern of β-Catenin by in situ hybridization and the roles of β-Catenin on embryonic development by co-injection of anti-sense RNA and reporter gene, EGFP have been investigated in the whole process of goldfish embryonic development. The results suggest that β-Catenin presents dynamic distribution, mainly locates at body axis, dorsal tissues, head and tail structures after being fertilized. The loss of β-Catenin activity would cause serious destruction of embryo in dorsal tissues and in anteroposterior axes, and leads embryos to die before larva get hatched.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In situ</Emphasis> synthesis of TiC reinforced Cu<Subscript>47</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>34</Subscript>Zr<Subscript>11</Subscript>Ni<Subscript>8</Subscript> bulk metallic glass composites

In situ synthesized TiC particles and β-Ti dendrites reinforced Cu47Ti34Zr11Ni8 bulk metallic glass (BMG) composite ingots were prepared by the suction casting method.The ingots with diameters from 1 up to 4mm were successfully obtained. It was shown that introducing TiC micro-sized particles into the amorphous matrix did not disturb the glass forming ability (GFA) of the matrix,while the yield strength and ductility could be well improved.The phase constitution, microstructure and elements distribution in the composites were studied by OM, XRD, SEM and EDS.It was shown that the in situ synthesized TiC particles acting as heterogeneous nucleation sites promoted the precipitation of β-Ti dendrites, resulting in the formation of the TiC particles and β-Ti dendrites co-reinforced BMG composites. The compressive tests were employed to probe the yield strength and ductility of BMG composites.     

Adsorption and catalytic combustion of ARB on CuO-Fe<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>

CuO-Fe2O3 composite material with strong magnetism and a large surface area is prepared by the co-precipitate method. Its adsorption properties towards Acid Red B (ARB) and the regeneration by catalytic combastion of organic compounds have been studied. The results show that the prepared CuO-Fe2O3 composite is an excellent adsorbent for ARB adsorption at acid condition. The presence of Cl^- has no effect on ARB adsorption. But the SO4^2- can inhibit ARB adsorption. After being recovered by the magnetic separation method, the adsorbent can be regenerated by catalytic oxidation of absorbate at 300℃ in air atmosphere. The combustion reactions of ARB in the presence or absence of CuO-Fe2O3 are studied by in situ diffuse refieclion FTIR. The results indicate that, in the presence of CuO-Fe2O3, the degradation temperature is significantly lowered by the catalysis of CuO-Fe2O3, and ARB can be oxidized completely without volatile organic compound by-product; in comparison, in the absence of CuO-Fe2O3, the temperature needed for oxidation of ARB is higher and the reaction is incomplete with some N-containing harmful compounds produced. The reusability of CuO-Fe2O3 is also studied in successive seven adsorption-regeneration cycles.     

Heterogeneous oxidation of carbonyl sulfide on mineral oxides

Heterogeneous oxidation of carbonyl sulfide (OCS) on mineral oxides including SiO2,Fe2O3,CaO,MgO,ZnO and TiO2,which are the main components of atmospheric particles,were investigated using in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (in situ DRIFTS),ion chromatography (IC),temperature-programmed desorption (TPD),X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) methods. The main products and intermediates of the heterogeneous oxidation of OCS on these oxides were identified with in situ DRIFTS and IC. The reaction mechanism and kinetics were also discussed. It is found that the reaction mechanism on these mineral oxides is the same as that on Al2O3 for the same final products and the intermediates at room temperature. Namely,OCS can be catalytically oxidized to produce surface SO42- species and gaseous CO2 through the surface hydrogen thiocarbonate (HSCO2-) and HSO3- species. The activity series for heterogeneous oxidation of OCS follows: Al2O3 ≈ CaO > MgO > TiO2 ≈ ZnO > Fe2O3 > SiO2. The specific area,basic hydroxyl and surface basicity of these oxides have effect on the reactivity. This study suggests that heterogeneous reactions of OCS on mineral dust may be an unneglectable sink of OCS.     

电泳显示双层微胶囊的制备

以尿素-甲醛原位聚合法与明胶-阿拉伯胶复凝聚法相结合制备了电泳显示双层微胶囊．考察了系统调节剂、搅拌速度、pH值和加醛方式对单层微胶囊粒径分布及表面形貌的影响，以及双层微胶囊与单层脲醛树脂微胶囊在干燥过程中的破损率．实验结果表明，以明胶为系统调节剂，pH值为3．0—3．5，采用滴加方式加入甲醛制备的单层脲醛树脂微胶囊，囊壁透明、光滑、球形度好；单层脲醛树脂微胶囊包覆明胶后制备的双层微胶囊壁材强度和韧性有显著提高．     

基于遗传算法的排桩支护结构优化设计

基于自然选择和自然基因机制的遗传算法是当前处理复杂非线性模型的一种新的优秀方法。为此,文章建立了悬臂式排桩这一基坑支护结构形式的数学模型,并运用改进遗传算法对设计参数进行优化调整;结合以实际工程资料为背景的支护案例进行优化。计算结果表明,设计参数既满足约束条件,又可降低工程造价,从而显示了该方法的有效性,具有一定的参考价值。     

Cu-11Fe-4Cr原位复合材料在HSO^-3和／或C1^-介质中的耐蚀性

采用选择腐蚀技术，提取了Cu-11Fe-4Cr原位复合材料中Fe-Cr纤维，并测定了其电极电位。通过间歇式盐水喷雾实验和极化曲线测定，研究了Cu-11Fe-4Cr原位复合材料在HSO^-3和／或C1^-介质中的腐蚀行为。用扫描电镜对腐蚀产物和腐蚀表面进行分析。结果表明，Cu-11Fe-4Cr原位复合材料中，E（Cu）〈E（Fe-Cr），故Cu基体为阳极，而第二相Fe-Cr纤维为阴极。Cu-11Fe-4Cr原位复合材料在（NaHS03＋NaC1）和NaHS03介质中的E（Fe-Cr）-E（Cu）显著高于NaC1介质中的E（Fe-Cr）-E（Cu），Cu-11Fe-4Cr原位复合材料在NaC1介质中的腐蚀失重最小，在NaC1介质中具有良好的耐蚀性。     

新疆北山地区金矿的 X 射线荧光找矿标志

文章探讨了在新疆北山地区特殊地质环境下，采用现场Ｘ射线荧光测量找金的方法技术问题。提出适合于该区快速找金的Ｘ射线荧光找矿最佳指示元素为铁、铜、砷，铁和铜的Ｘ射线荧光异常出现在垂直于金矿（化）体走向的两侧，砷的Ｘ射线荧光在金矿（化）体上呈现异常。     

广东江门古兜山保护区光叶红豆种群径级结构与空间分布格局

为了解广东江门古兜山省级自然保护区内天然分布的珍稀濒危植物光叶红豆Ormosia glaberrima 种群的生存现状，本研究基于1 hm²固定样地数据进行光叶红豆种群径级结构分析，并采用点格局分析方法研究种群空间分布格局。结果表明，光叶红豆的径级结构呈倒“J”型，个体以幼树为主，同时幼树和壮龄树死亡率也较高，随着径级增大，个体的存活率趋于稳定，整体表现为增长型，种群结构较为稳定；在小空间尺度上，光叶红豆个体间呈聚集分布，而随着空间尺度的增大，个体倾向于随机分布。光叶红豆幼树呈聚集分布，随着径级增加，空间分布的聚集程度下降，成树呈随机分布。因此，古兜山光叶红豆种群的空间分布格局主要受幼树、壮龄树死亡率较高和密度影响，建议通过适度开辟林窗等方式加强就地保护，结合迁地保护降低幼树密度，促进光叶红豆种群更新。