日本大学本科课程改革与启示

从1991年开始,日本政府通过放宽《大学设置基准》等措施,掀起了全国范围的大学课程改革。在过去的15年中,日本大学、特别是国立大学的本科课程设置以及教学发生了巨大的变化。笔者曾于1995年(黄福涛1997年)和2001年(黄福涛2001)分别撰文介绍了20世纪90年代日本大学课程改革的主要进展和基本特点。由于国内介绍近年来日本大学本科课程改革的文章并不多见,本文在简要回顾有关日本大学课程改革的背景、政策与进程的基础上,主要以广岛大学为案例,分析当前日本大学本科课程改革的最新动态。     

牢记执政经验更新执政理念

中国共产党从成立初起,就非常重视从思想上建党,这已成为我党的优良传统。改革开放的新形势下,中国共产党必须善于总结治国安邦的经验,努力提高执政能力,坚持以人为本,实行科学执政、依法执政。     

论高校学报责任编辑的审稿视角

高校学报一般实行“三审制”,其中责任编辑负责稿件的初审和对稿件的具体编辑加工,因此责任编辑应认真履行自己的工作职责,调整好审稿视角,提高审稿能力,编辑版出高质量的学报.     

高师体育师资培养对策的研究

针对当前中小学体育教育的现状,同一些发达国家教育情况相比较,为适应新世纪中小学体育发展的需要,应加强中小学的体育师资队伍建设.文章探讨了新型体育教师的培养规格和对策,提出了适应未来社会发展的我国中小学体育教育专业培养目标的实现途径.     

论校办高新技术产业的意义和对策

本文论述了高等院校创办高新技术产业的意义、作用和有力条件,并针对一些问题提出了进一步发展校办高新技术产业的五项对策。     

高压小流量锥型安全阀有阻尼孔动态特性分析

本文主要通过阀口前、后腔设置阻尼孔建立的数学模型,阐明高压小流量安全阀的稳定性能和产生增阻的原因。     

评岛尾永康的《中国化学史》

文章对于日本学者撰写的第一部《中国化学史》进行了分析评论，认为该书具有的主要特点是：（１）时代性，概括了直到１９９２年以前的最新研究成果；（２）严谨性，运用文献丰富，以求得出严密结论；（３）辩驳性，注意从不同见解的争论中进行阐述，自然得出结论；（４）社会性，注意把化学发展置于整个社会中考察，揭示深层动因；（５）比较性，注意把中国化学发展置于世界范围考察，体现中国的特点和作用；（６）形象性，运用相当丰富的图片进行叙述，具体、生动；（７）日本视野性，以日本学者特有的角度阐述中国化学发展，具有独到之处。文章还指出了该书一些需要改进和提高之处。     

An in situ zircon Hf isotopic,U-Pb age and trace element study of banded granulite xenolith from Hannuoba basalt： Tracking the early evolution of the lower crust in the North China craton

Backscattered electron images, in situ Hf isotopes, U-Pb ages and trace elements of zircons in a banded granulite xenolith from Hannuoba basalt have been studied. The results show that the banded granulite is a sample derived from the early lower crust of the North China craton. It is difficult to explain the petrogenesis of the xenolith with a single process. Abundant information on several processes, however, is contained in the granulite. These processes in-clude the addition of mantle material, crustal remelting, metamorphic differentiation and the delamination of early lower crust. About 80% of zircons studied yield ages of 1842 ±40 Ma, except few ages of 3097-2824 Ma and 2489-2447 Ma. The zircons with ages older than 2447 Ma have high εHf (up to +18.3) and high Hf model age (2.5-2.6 Ga), indicating that the primitive materials of the granulite were derived mainly from a depleted mantle source in late Archean. Most εhf of the zircons with early Proterozoic U-Pb age vary around zero, but two have     

Cloning and roles of goldfish maternal factor β-Catenin cDNA in embryonic development

Interaction between nucleus and cytoplasm has been focused in the field of animal embryonic development, in which study of maternal factors is required positively. β-Catenin, an important maternal factor in early embryogenesis, has been analyzed in its expression pattern and functions in this paper. We have cloned goldfish β-Catenin cDNA gene and compared it with zebrafish β-Catenin cDNA. High homology was found in cDNA and in amino acid sequences between them, 93% (2227/2384 bp) and 98.5% (768/780 aa) respectively. The expression pattern of β-Catenin by in situ hybridization and the roles of β-Catenin on embryonic development by co-injection of anti-sense RNA and reporter gene, EGFP have been investigated in the whole process of goldfish embryonic development. The results suggest that β-Catenin presents dynamic distribution, mainly locates at body axis, dorsal tissues, head and tail structures after being fertilized. The loss of β-Catenin activity would cause serious destruction of embryo in dorsal tissues and in anteroposterior axes, and leads embryos to die before larva get hatched.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In situ</Emphasis> synthesis of TiC reinforced Cu<Subscript>47</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>34</Subscript>Zr<Subscript>11</Subscript>Ni<Subscript>8</Subscript> bulk metallic glass composites

In situ synthesized TiC particles and β-Ti dendrites reinforced Cu47Ti34Zr11Ni8 bulk metallic glass (BMG) composite ingots were prepared by the suction casting method.The ingots with diameters from 1 up to 4mm were successfully obtained. It was shown that introducing TiC micro-sized particles into the amorphous matrix did not disturb the glass forming ability (GFA) of the matrix,while the yield strength and ductility could be well improved.The phase constitution, microstructure and elements distribution in the composites were studied by OM, XRD, SEM and EDS.It was shown that the in situ synthesized TiC particles acting as heterogeneous nucleation sites promoted the precipitation of β-Ti dendrites, resulting in the formation of the TiC particles and β-Ti dendrites co-reinforced BMG composites. The compressive tests were employed to probe the yield strength and ductility of BMG composites.