棉用银系抗菌剂的制备及应用性能研究

利用硝酸银、高分子多糖、聚醚胺、交联剂制备棉用银系抗菌剂，通过对比实验确定了银系抗菌剂最佳配方。通过焙烘，将制得的银系抗菌剂交联固着在棉织物上，讨论了棉织物常规指标的变化以及抗菌性能。结果表明，整理后棉织物白度略微下降，毛细管效应大幅增加，拉伸强力基本不变，抗菌性较好。     

灵丘县刁泉铜银金多金属矿床特征初探

灵丘县刁泉矿区位于山西断隆、燕山台褶带和内蒙地轴三个Ⅱ级构造单元的结合部位，Ⅱ级单元属于燕山台褶带西端。通过对灵丘县刁泉铜银金多金属矿床特征的分析研究，探讨了该矿的地质特征和成矿机理。为同类矿山开采提供可靠理论依据。     

清末的银贵钱贱与州县财政

清代州县位卑而事繁,但政务经费却异常短绌。清代田赋征收中以银折钱的惯行,为州县弥补财政缺口留下制度空间;州县官利用银钱比价,满足了办公之需。时至晚清,中央和直省因赔款、兴学、练兵等而加强对州县余利的攘夺,加之清末州县财政职能的扩张,州县财政再度捉襟见肘。清末的银贵钱贱则给这种脆弱不堪的州县财政致命一击,致使州县赔累不堪。从各省的应对措施和国家的反应来看,清廷似乎无意将此严重问题置于清末财政改革的实践中一揽子解决。晚清财政改革的种种行径,明显是汲汲于统一财权,而对于财政与经济之源和流的关系、税源的培养等诸如此类的本质性问题,则明显认识不足。     

块体非晶合金研究现状及发展建议

块体非晶合金材料,因同时具有玻璃和传统金属合金的性质,又被称为金属玻璃。本文从材料制备、力学、化学和磁学性能等方面,综述了非晶合金材料的国内外研究进展,分析了我国在块体非晶合金制备方面的特色。提出了非晶合金材料在航空航天、汽车船舶、精密仪器、电子设备和生物医药等领域存在广泛的应用前景,将推动传统的产业升级。笔者建议,将＂政产学研用＂相结合作为推动块体非晶合金领域协同创新的重要举措。     

甲基黄在银镜上表面增强拉曼散射研究

利用表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)技术,研究了甲基黄在银镜表面的SERS光谱,对其拉曼峰进行了指认,并得出了甲基黄在银镜表面的吸附方式.     

半导体硫化银纳米球的控制合成及室温气敏性

通过改良的水热方法, 成功合成了形貌规则的半导体硫化银(Ag₂S)纳米结构, 并对样品的形貌、化学成分和微观结构进行了详细的表征. 结果发现, 样品为表面光滑的球状结构. X-射线衍射仪/光电子谱仪(XRD/XPS)证明, 产物具有单斜结构且纯度很高. 通过紫外可见吸收光谱发现, 与传统粉体材料相比, 纳米球吸收峰有明显的蓝移(约20 nm). 运用表面光电压(surface photovoltage, SPV)技术系统地研究了Ag₂S 纳米球及传统粉体材料对乙醇气体的室温敏感特性, 在同样条件下, 纳米球的检测限可达<10 mL/m³, 而后者仅为50 mL/m³. 这为Ag₂S气敏纳米器件的潜在应用进行了一些探索.     

复杂银铜精矿的沸腾焙烧综合回收工艺

采用沸腾焙烧综合回收工艺对呷村复杂银铜精矿难浸出问题进行实验,以沸腾焙烧脱硫、脱砷→硫酸浸出铜、锌→氯盐浸出锑、银→NaClO3氧化浸金→碳铵转化铅的工艺进行处理,实现铜、锌、银、锑、铅、金、砷和硫等有价元素的综合回收.在硫酸化沸腾焙烧过程中控制1·1倍空气过剩系数、0·25~0·35m·s-1的工况炉膛线速度以及600~630℃的焙烧温度,可以避免高铅复杂银铜精矿的烧结,脱硫率为49·68%,烟气中SO体积分数为5·5%可满足制酸要求.     

Spatial separation of spectrum inside the tapered metamaterial optical waveguide

In this work,the optical metamaterials based on silver dendritic cells are prepared by electrochemical deposition,and its transmission and focusing behaviors are investigated.The experimental results show that the optical metamaterials reveal a multiple pass-band transmission spectrum and a prominent focusing effect at the wavelength corresponding to the maximum transmission coefficient.Two optical metamaterial samples are combined into a tapered optical waveguide,and the spectra of transmitted light at the surface of the tapered optical waveguide is measured by using the fiber spectrometer along the light propagation direction.The results demonstrate that each frequency component of the wave packet is stopped at a different waveguide thickness,leading to the spatial separation of its spectrum.The spatial separation of spectrum can be effectively tuned by adjusting the inclination of the tapered optical waveguide,which can be used for storing photons and slow-light research.     

P2O5对氟镓铟基玻璃析晶稳定性和结构的影响

以20GaF3-15InF3-20CdF2-15ZnF2-10SnF2-20PbF2(GICZSP)为基玻璃,用P2O5替代等摩尔含量CdF2,以改善玻璃的抗析晶能力.利用差示扫描量热分析、拉曼光谱和X射线衍射分析手段,表征不同含量P2O5对玻璃抗析晶性能及结构的影响.结果表明,P2O5的引入提高了玻璃的析晶稳定性.P2O5在玻璃中以不含P＝O双键的[PO(4-)4,Q0]四面体存在.随着P2O5量的增加,新出现了M[O,F]6八面体结构.     

Work toughening effect in Zr_（41）Ti_（14）Cu_（12.5）Ni_（10）Be_（22.5） bulk metallic glass

Work hardening is a well-known phenomenon occurring in crystalline metals during deformation,which has been widely used to increase the strength of metals although their ductility is usually reduced simultaneously. Here we report that the plastic strain of Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 (at.%) bulk metallic glasses has been increased from 0.3% for the as-cast sample to 2.5%-8.0% for samples that have experienced pre-deformation under constrained conditions. The pre-deformed glassy alloys possess more free volume and abundant introduced shear bands,which are believed to promote the activation of shear bands in post-deformation and result in an increase in plasticity. The orientation of the pre-introduced shear bands relative to the loading direction will affect the deformation behavior of pre-deformed samples. The present results show that pre-deformation of this glassy alloy will result in work toughening. This work toughening effect can be removed by isothermal annealing at a sub-Tg (glass transition) temperature,which causes annihilation of free volume and healing of shear bands.