采用不同方法制备CeO2超细粒子——Ⅰ．溶胶——凝胶法

采用以柠檬酸为配体的溶胶———凝胶法制备了 Ｃｅ Ｏ２ 超细粒子．考察了不同制备条件（ 金属离子与配体的摩尔比、反应温度、ｐ Ｈ、凝胶烘干温度、焙烧温度及时间） 对粒子的影响,获得了最佳的制备条件：金属离子与配体的摩尔比为１ ：３ 、反应温度为６５ ℃、ｐ Ｈ＜ ０（ 未调） 、凝胶烘干温度为６５ ℃、３２０ ℃焙烧温度２ｈ ．并在该条件下成功地制得了均匀分散的 Ｃｅ Ｏ２ 超细粒子（ 平均粒径为１０ｎｍ ,比表面为５７ ｍ ２／ｇ） ．     

一种改性防灭火复合胶体材料的制备

选用黄土为骨料、水玻璃为基料和NaHCO3为促凝剂,制得了新型复合胶体防灭火材料。通过研究基料、促凝剂、骨料的含量与成胶时间之间的关系,确定了复合胶体的最佳配方,最终实现复合胶体成胶时间0～30min可控。结果表明,复合胶体的最佳配方是黄土与水质量比为1∶3～1∶5,促凝剂用量小于3%,水玻璃用量为7%;该复合材料能够起到降温、阻燃、隔氧的作用,具有较好的防灭火效果,同时成本较低。     

利用PCR-DGGE技术鉴定硝基甲苯类物质降解菌株

为鉴定光催化-厌氧好氧固定化微生物方法降解2,6-DNT和4-MNT的优势菌株,取连续运行40d的厌氧好氧反应器出入口的微生物样品.采用PCR-DGGE技术分离微生物,得到对2,6-DNT和4-MNT具有良好降解特性的优势菌种;发现厌氧反应器内不同位置微生物种类差别很大,好氧反应器内差别很小;反应器内有5种优势菌株:Delta proteobacterium,Pseudomonas stutzeri,Pseudomonas trivialis,Burkholderia cenocepa-ciaand Chryseobacterium sp.AKB-2008-VA6和1个未知菌株,以兼性厌氧和好氧方式生存.反应器运行期间,水质指标良好.     

高性能深部调驱体系试验

 应用交联聚合物体系对油层进行深部调驱可有效提高原油采收率。在70℃条件下,通过正交试验优选出了一种交联聚合物调驱体系,其主剂基本组成为0.30%聚合物+0.08%有机铬+0.10%六亚甲基四胺+0.08%苯酚。为延长该体系的成胶时间,考查了延迟交联剂草酸钠(SO)对体系成胶时间和强度的影响。选定SO的质量分数为0.04%时,体系的成胶时间约为48h,成胶强度约为0.057MPa。矿化度、温度、pH值等因素可对体系的成胶性能产生影响。在70℃条件下,当Na+质量浓度小于36000mg/L,Cacl2质量浓度小于1000mg/L,pH值为5—7时,体系具有较好的成胶性能;体系在60—90℃条件下生成的冻胶强度大于0.056MPa。使用单管岩心驱替试验模拟了体系的调驱性能,结果表明,体系的调驱效果较好,水驱后采收率提高幅度高达20%以上,封堵率大于95%,加之70℃下成胶时间在48h以上,可以达到油层深部调驱的目的。     

Study on the Ion Association in PVdF-based Gel Polymer Electrolyte

IntroductionGel polymer electrolytes were originally described byFeuillade and Perche[1]and further characterized byAbraham and Alamgir[2 ,3], and formed by trapping liquidorganic solutions in a polymer matrix. Compared with solidpolymer electrolytes , gel polymer electrolytes can contactwith electrode tightly and have a room temperatureconductivity of above 10-3S·cm-1,so they are of practicalinterest for the development of new-design,advancedlithiumbatteries . A variety of polymers as poly…     

二氧化硅粒径对酸性硅溶胶稳定性的影响

研究了不同条件下纳米二氧化硅粒径对酸性硅溶胶稳定性、粘度的影响。结果表明，随着二氧化硅粒径的增加，酸性硅溶胶的稳定性及粘度均得到较好的改善，提高纳米二氧化硅的粒径对制备高浓度、低粘度的酸性硅溶胶有十分重要的作用。     

Micro-Raman investigations on the structures of the surface and the inner of MgSO_4 droplets

Spherical MgSO4 droplets were deposited by a syringe on the hydrophobic Teflon substrate. Using micro-Raman technique, the laser beam was highly focused twice on the surface and in the center of spherical droplets. The Raman spectra for the surface and the inner of MgSO4 droplets were accord-ingly obtained, suggesting formation of a thin layer of gels on MgSO4 droplets at low relative humidity. The gel layer covered the surface and exhibited a significant delay in response to the change of ambi-ent relative humidity, resulting in the structural difference between the surface and the inner of MgSO4 droplets.     

SnO2纳米线阵列的制备及纳米器件的制作

采用简单的溶胶-凝胶方法在多孔阳极氧化铝模板(AAM)的微孔中制备了高度有序的SnO2纳米线阵列。XRD,SEM和TEM对样品进行了结构和形貌的表征,结果表明,高度有序的SnO2纳米线具有四方相的多晶结构,纳米线连续均匀;并对SnO2纳米线阵列的生长机理进行了探讨;最后用聚焦离子束沉积设备制作了单根SnO2纳米线器件。     

One-step and high-density protein immobilization on epoxysilane-modified silica nanoparticles

Silica nanoparticles are most commonly modified with amino-silanes, followed by post-modification activation for protein immobilization. In this work, epoxy-functionalized silica nanoparticles were prepared by modification with glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane （GPTMS） for direct protein immobilization. Silica nanoparticles possessed an average size of 46 nm, but increased to 63 nm after GPTMS modification. Reaction time, reaction temperature and GPTMS content had no significant effect on par- ticle size. Zeta potential of SiO2 changed from -26mV to ＋38mV after modification. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy revealed alkyl C--H bending and stretching bands at 2944 cm-1, 1343 cm-1 and 1465 cm-1, respectively, for the modified nanoparticles. Fluorescein cadaverine was found to bind to GPTMS-modified SiO2, but not to bare SiO2, indicating the chemical reactivity of epoxy groups on the modified nanoparticle with amines. Finally, fluorescenUy labeled bovine serum albumin （BSA） was used as a model protein to investigate the capacity of epoxy-SiO2 nanoparticles for protein immobilization. The results showed that more proteins were immobilized on the particle with longer reaction time, higher NaCI concentration, lower pH, and less GPTMS content. More importantly, proteins bound to epoxy-SiO2 nanoparticle were highly stable. Under optimized reaction conditions, as much as 25 mg BSA/g nanoparticle was covalentiy attached to the nanoparticle. The epoxy silane modification of silica nanoparticles offers a reactive surface for one-step and high-density protein immobilization.     

两类聚合物溶液的相变分析

讨论了两类聚合物溶液的相变,一类是单体相-溶胶相-凝胶相之间的相变;另一类是溶液中溶胶-凝胶之间的相变.结果表明,聚合物溶液体系相变的阶和相变点依赖于每个子系(单体或溶剂分子)的态的简并度以及子系间的有效相互作用;态的简并度的对称性和均匀性对相变的阶和临界点有明显的影响.