Silica Microcapsules Prepared by Interfacial Reaction Methods

1 Results Silica spherical particles with hollow structure are directly prepared by interfacial reaction methods using W/O/W emulsion (schematic diagram in Fig.1)[1].Fig.1 Silica microcapsule formationThe mixing of W/O emulsion consisting of sodium silicate solution (inner water phase) and n-hexane solution (oil phase) to outer water phase dissolving NH4HCO3 or other salts affords silica microcapsules.The critical feature of this method is the direct formation of hollow structure.Therefore,the core com...     

Effects of niacin on nitric oxide synthase expression in rat lungs exposed to silica

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of niacin in diet on the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in rat lungs of the animal model of silicosis established by direct tracheal instillation of silica particles into rat lungs surgically. The niacin concentration in serum was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein in paraffin-embedded lung sections was determined by streptavidin/peroxidase (SP) staining. Quantitative analysis by Image-Pro Plus was also performed on the expression of iNOS. The results showed that niacin concentration in serum of the niacin-treated rats was significantly higher than that in the control and silica-treated rats. After 7 days of silica instillation, iNOS integrated optical density (IOD) in rat lungs and total NOS and iNOS activities in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in silica-treated rats rose by 273420.75, 2.61 units/mL and 1.89 units/mL respectively, when compared with those in the control rats. Niacin treatment significantly reduced silica-induced iNOS IOD in rat lung tissues and total NOS and iNOS activities in BALF supernatant by 248292.35, 1.50 units/mL and 0.91 units/mL, respectively, as compared with those in silica-treated rats. Therefore, niacin can effectively attenuate the pathological expression of NOS in rat lung tissues induced by silica particles.     

纳米SiO2的制备及性能研究

 用溶胶—凝胶法制备了纳米SiO₂,考察了溶胶的浓度和pH值对凝胶时间的影响,并用FT-IR,XRD和TEM研究了其在热处理过程中的物相及显微结构.结果表明:溶胶浓度和溶胶pH值对凝胶时间影响较大.在温度为600℃时,经过烧结晶化,可制得纳米二氧化硅,其平均粒径20nm,外观形状呈球形,且热稳定性良好.     

铁合金烟气治理及硅微粉的回收利用

铁合金行业属高能耗重污染行业，烟尘中主要成份二氧化硅经收尘处理后称为硅微粉，有广泛用途和良好的市场前景。论证了采用正压式袋式除尘技术回收硅微粉，估算其治理回收的投资及效益，具有很好的经济效益和环境效益；并采用相关大气预测模型预测了某工业硅项目烟气治理前后环境空气质量。     

A novel nonviral nanoparticle gene vector: Poly-L-lysine-silica nanoparticles

DNA delivery is a core technology for gene structure and function research as well as clinical settings. The ability to safely and efficiently targeted transfer foreign DNA into cells is a fundamental goal in biotechnology. With the development of nanobiotechnology, nanoparticle gene vectors brought about new hope to reach the goal. In our research, silica nanoparticles (SiNP) were synthesized first in a microemulsion system polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether (OP-10)/cyclohexane/ammonium hydroxide, at the same time the effects of SiNP size and its distribution were elucidated by orthogonal analysis; then poly-L-lysine (PLL) was linked on the surface of SiNP by nanoparticle surface energy and electrostatically binding; lastly a novel complex nanomateial—poly-L-lysine-silica nanoparticles (PLL-SiNP) was prepared. The analysis of plasmid DNA binding and DNase I enzymatic degradation discovered that PLL-SiNP could bind DNA, and protect it against enzymatic degradation. Cell transfection showed that PLL-SiNP could efficiently transfer PEGFPC-2 plasmid DNA into HNE1 cell line. These results indicated that PLL-SiNP was a novel nonviral nanoparticle gene vector, and would probably play an important role in gene structure and function research as well as gene therapy.     

二氧化硅@裸银纳米颗粒微球制备及其对大肠杆菌活性的影响

以SiO₂微球为载体, 利用其表面可自动吸附与还原银离子的能力, 制备新型二氧化硅@银纳米颗粒微球复合材料（SiO₂@Ag NPs）, 并用透射电镜、 Raman光谱、 X射线光电子能谱等对其进行表征, 测试其对大肠杆菌的抑菌性能. 结果表明: 当SiO₂@Ag NPs质量浓度为2.0 mg/mL时, 复合材料的抑菌率为99.8%； 当银纳米颗粒表面含有稳定剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮时, 其抑菌率降低. 表明稳定剂可保护银纳米颗粒的单分散性, 但不利于其抑菌性的发挥.     

二氧化硅镀膜的特性研究及其对内皮细胞活性的影响

研究了沉积在玻璃基体上二氧化硅薄膜表面改性对内皮细胞生长的影响。二氧化硅薄膜的制备采用了离子束辅助沉积法,薄膜的厚度为2000 左右,薄膜成分利用X射线光电子谱仪进行分析,分析结果表明薄膜成分为纯二氧化硅。在二氧化硅薄膜上进行牛主动脉内皮细胞培养,观察细胞突起生长情况,并用MTT方法检验细胞活力。结果发现对照组细胞突起生长明显,而在二氧化硅薄膜作用下,样品组细胞突起生长不那么明显,OD值由0 574下降到了0 465(p<0 001),说明氧化硅薄膜对内皮细胞生长有明显的抑制作用。     

垂直沉积法制备二氧化硅胶体晶体及其表征

利用垂直沉积法将单分散的二氧化硅胶体微球自组装生长为胶体晶体 ,并用扫描电子显微镜和紫外可见光分光光度计对其显微形貌和光学特性进行了表征 .结果表明二氧化硅微球有序堆积 ,自组装成胶体晶体 ,其结构为FCC密排结构 ,表面为FCC密排结构的 ( 1 1 1 )面 ;反射光谱还表明 ,所制备的胶体晶体的光子带隙位于可见光波段 .与重力沉淀等其他自组装方法相比 ,垂直沉积法制备胶体晶体具有能够用胶体微球粒径和胶体溶液浓度精确控制样品厚度等优点     

低表面活性剂浓度下有序介孔SiO_2的制备及性能

在碱性条件下,采用低浓度阳离子表面活性剂,利用表面活性剂与硅源水解后形成的聚集体相互作用,在溶液中形成分子自组装体,从而形成有序排列的介孔SiO2材料·水热和室温碱性条件下,表面活性剂与硅源的粒子数比为006∶1·由HRTEM分析,小角度XRD分析,TGDTA分析及FTIR分析等研究表明:在较低的表面活性剂浓度下,通过分子自组装体做模板剂,最终反应物经一定工艺处理,可形成六方结构介孔SiO2·水热条件下使分子的作用增强,提高介孔骨架中硅原子的聚集度,由于铝原子的引入取代部分硅原子导致晶格增大,并使有序介孔结构保持完好·介孔SiO2孔道大小3～...     

矿物超细粉的应用研究现状与前景

综合分析和评述了粉煤灰、矿渣、硅灰对混凝土的工作性、耐久性和强度的影响及在高性能混凝土中的应用研究现状;重点分析了复掺粉煤灰和矿渣超细粉在配制高性能混凝土中的重要作用;对粉煤灰和矿渣超细粉在高性能混凝土中的应用提出了几点看法。