出口海捕虾速冻的技术探讨

对出口海捕虾的速冻技术进行探讨，提出了出口速冻凤尾虾，虾仁的加工工艺，该工艺针对产品解冻时易出现失重问题，在虾剥壳后采用冰盐水漂洗的方法，能有效地防止冻品的汁液流失。     

对虾养殖早期虾池初级生产力及其作用的调查研究

调查了福建省晋江和厦门地区对虾养殖早期(5～6月份)施肥虾池的初级生产力,结果表明,初级生产力为60.39～274.50mg c/m~3·h,叶绿素含量:9.69～45.20 mg/m~3,光合指数(PI)与水温(t)呈正相关:PI=0.439 t-5.822,大部分虾池的浮游植物优势种是硅藻,但有的池子也出现甲藻占优势,通过生产实践证明,虾池施肥增殖浮游生物在提供幼虾食物能量和稳定水质方面有重要意义。     

Reproductive biology of Scinax fuscomarginatus (Anura,Hylidae) in south‐eastern Brazil

The present study describes the reproductive biology of Scinax fuscomarginatus in a remnant of Cerrado in south‐eastern Brazil. Observations were made between September 2002 and March 2004 at Estação Ecológica de Itirapina, State of São Paulo, south‐eastern Brazil. Breeding activities occurred in lentic and temporary bodies of water during the rainy season. Scinax fuscomarginatus exhibited a prolonged breeding pattern and a lek mating system. Males were smaller than females and defended individual calling areas through acoustic and physical interactions. Resident males consistently won encounters, but did not differ in size or mass from intruder males. Satellite behaviour was observed, but no female or amplected pair interception was registered. Scinax fuscomarginatus exhibited low operational sex ratios and the general reproductive mode in which eggs are laid in the water and tadpoles are aquatic. Amplexus was axillary and the eggs were deposited at the bottom of temporary ponds. Details on oocytes, egg masses, and eggs are included.     

高密度温室与室外养鳖池中微生态环境的研究

对高密度温室养鳖池，室外发病和健康鳖池的理化指标，细菌数量，细菌种类，种群组成及溶血菌比例进行了研究，结果表明，溶氧量，氨氮值、ＣＯＤ值等指标，室外养鳖池优于高密度温室养鳖池。     

有机海水围塘养殖生态系统氮磷的变化规律及相关性研究

为了解海水围塘养殖区氮磷的变化规律以及围塘养殖对水环境的影响,以沿海滩涂地区的海水围塘养殖池为研究案例,定点监测了虾-鱼-贝混合养殖池和对虾单养池的无机氮(氨氮、亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐)、总氮、磷酸盐、总磷和高锰酸盐指数等指标,并分析了该养殖区各种水化学要素在养殖期间的变化特征以及它们之间的相关性。研究结果表明:两种养殖方式下水环境中无机氮之间的转化是完全的,在高溶解氧时硝酸盐氮含量始终较高,而在混合养殖中,硝酸盐氮是该养殖区水体无机氮的主要存在形态;混养池中总磷和总氮、磷酸盐均正相关,与无机氮之间无相关;而单养区总磷也与总氮显著正相关,但与磷酸盐和无机氮无相关;在混养区对总氮主要作用的是物理过程,单养区则是物理过程和化学过程同时起作用;对NH3+-N的影响虽然同是物理过程起作用,但混养区是盐度,而单养区是pH值和溶解氧;影响磷的各种形态变化的主要是化学过程起作用,但在单养区对PO43--P的影响还有pH值;通过采用有机养殖技术,围塘养殖的水质基本符合养殖要求标准,说明有机养殖、混合养殖等可以减少环境污染,应加强对这方面养殖技术的推广和应用。     

News from a small island – first record of a freshwater shrimp (Decapoda,Atyidae, Caridina) from Peleng,Banggai Islands,Indonesia

The Indonesian island Sulawesi is well known for its fascinating fauna. Among the atyid and palaemonid freshwater shrimps described from Sulawesi are also a number of endemic species. In contrast, freshwater shrimps have never been reported from the nearby and smaller Peleng Island. Here we describe Caridina thomasi sp. nov. as a first record of an atyid freshwater shrimp from Peleng and compare it with atyids from Sulawesi and other localities. The new species is probably endemic to the island and shows some characters never described in the genus Caridina before. However, a molecular phylogeny of atyid shrimps from the Indo‐West Pacific based on mitochondrial DNA (16S) places C. thomasi within a clade of typical species of Caridina. We tentatively assign the new species to the genus Caridina and discuss the possibility of future changes in the classification of species in this genus.     

化学实验室的绿色化建设研究——从部分无机废水中提取盐类产品的研究与实践

在处理废弃物的同时提取有价值的产品是化学实验室绿色化建设的有效方法。模拟日晒盐场的环境,考察采用自然蒸发技术从常见无机酸碱盐废水中提取盐类等可再利用产品的影响因素。结果发现,影响提取速度的主要因素是季节的变化,其次是蒸发面积与蒸发液面高度,与废水中的成分几乎无关。结合影响因素,建造了适于本地废水处理的盐池,既满足了处理废水的要求,同时提取得到了粗食盐、防冻剂、脱硫剂等有用成分。该方法简单易行,完全克服了传统中和稀释法的缺陷,最重要的优势在于对参与者的教育意义和社会价值。     

疏浚泥浆排放对渔业生产的影响及其对策研究 Ⅰ对养殖鱼类生长、饲料转化率和池塘鱼产量的影响

本文报道了河道疏浚泥浆排放对养殖鱼类生长、饲料转化率和池塘鱼产量影响的研究结果。室内试验结果表明,当水中泥浆达到一定浓度后,鱼的生长率和饲料转化率均随浓度的升高而下降,但鱼的种类不同,对泥浆水的耐受能力也不相同,其中白鲢鱼种（平均体重0．8079）生长受影响的浓度最低,为0．144g／l,鲫鱼种（平均9．889g）次之（0．256g／l）,草鱼种（平均1．373g）最高（0．448g／l）,这除与鱼种的规格有关外,还与不同种类的生活习性和食性有关。同一浓度条件下,小规格鱼苗的成活率较同种较大规格鱼苗为低。当泥浆浓度较低时,泥浆的添加频率不会明显降低鱼的生长速度和饲料转化率,但当泥浆量增加到一定值时,则添加频率越高,对鱼的影响越大。参考室内的试验结果,通过池塘对比饲养试验,比较、分析了不同泥浆添加量条件下各试验组鱼的群体生长率和鱼产量的差异,提出了施工期间指导养殖生产的科学措施与方法。     

太原第一热电厂冷却池面流散热试验研究

本文本着生产、科研和设计相结合的原则,针对火电厂冷却池排水口泄流情况,通过系统的模型试验,研究了由排水口泄出的热水流经前池过堰后尽量减小混掺深度的问题。给出了促使冷却池形成面流散热的工程设施和必要的试验数据。从而对充分挖掘冷却池的散热能力,增大火电厂的装机容量具有推广价值。