推导卢瑟福公式过程中的正负号问题

在推导卢瑟福公式的过程中,很多教材对正负号的处理都很草率,以致引发一些谬误,本文探索正确处理正负号问题的方法,并对有关教材提出商榷。     

空间极值距离的一个不等式及其应用

本文在讨论空间极值距离的基础上,建立了一个关于极值面积的不等式,并由此建立了关于空间K—Q·C映照的一个偏差定理。所得的结果可以看做Ahlfors关于平面相应结果在空间中的推广形式。     

关于闭集的距离及分离性的讨论

章主要指出[1]中一种不确切的说法，并就R^D中闭集的距离及分离分有界和无界情形进行了讨论，同时给出了较直观的证明。     

新闻文体的语言特点与翻译

新闻文体因其自身的特点和传播功能而在语言运用上形成了个性鲜明的特点。从新闻文体的用词、语法及修辞等方面,论述了新闻文体的语言特色。     

《小说月报》的“短篇独尊”观念

十九世纪末二十世纪初，现代短篇小说这一文类逐渐成型而独立。某种程度上，它与诗歌的距离比与长篇小说的更近。《小说月报》的“短篇独尊”观念是对世界文学潮流的应和。革新前后的《小说月报》在实践中和理论上探索着中国现代短篇小说的性质和特征，初步回答了“现代短篇小说是什么”这个问题。     

龙头锰矿缓倾斜多层邻近薄矿体采矿方法试验研究

本文根据龙头锰矿试验矿块的地质条件和试采一年多以来的实测数据,以及室内相似材料模拟试验结果,分析研究缓倾斜多层邻近薄矿体的开采方法。研究表明,矿层群的开采,特别是近距、低品位矿层群的开采,多以分采为宜;只要合理选择凿岩爆破参数,和采取正确的台阶形式,能安全回采多层矿体而又不破坏厚度仅为2.7～2.9米的隔层。     

A reduction algorithm for approximating a (nonmetric) dissimilarity by a tree distance

We propose a development stemming from Roux (1988). The principle is progressively to modify the dissimilarities so that every quadruple satisfies not only the additive inequality, as in Roux's method, but also all triangle inequalities. Our method thus ensures that the results are tree distances even when the observed dissimilarities are nonmetric. The method relies on the analytic solution of the least-squares projection onto a tree distance of the dissimilarities attached to a single quadruple. This goal is achieved by using geometric reasoning which also enables an easy proof of algorithm's convergence. This proof is simpler and more complete than that of Roux (1988) and applies to other similar reduction methods based on local least-squares projection. The method is illustrated using Case's (1978) data. Finally, we provide a comparative study with simulated data and show that our method compares favorably with that of Studier and Keppler (1988) which follows in the ADDTREE tradition (Sattath and Tversky 1977). Moreover, this study seems to indicate that our method's results are generally close to the global optimum according to variance accounted for.We offer sincere thanks to Gilles Caraux, Bernard Fichet, Alain Guénoche, and Maurice Roux for helpful discussions, advice, and for reading the preliminary versions of this paper. We are grateful to three anonymous referees and to the editor for many insightful comments. This research was supported in part by the GREG and the IA² network.     

己知基圆半径求解凸轮机构最佳中心距的解析方法

从摆动从动杆平面凸轮机构的类速度图出发，对最佳中心距ａ＊的客观存在性给予了清晰、直观的几何解释和论证，并由此建立起了求解最佳中心距ａ＊的解析法。     

New weighting factors assignment of evidence theorybased one vidence distance

1.INTRODUCTION Dempster Shafertheoryiswidelyusedinmanyfields suchasinformationfusionanddecision making[1,2].Anditisaverysimpleandstraightforwardwayofex tendingclassicalprobabilitytheory.However,Demp ster’scombinationoperatorisapoorsolutionforthe managementoftheconflictbetweenthevariousinfor mationsourcesatthenormalizationstep.Severalau thorshavecriticizeditandsomehaveproposedother solutions[3,4].InRef.[4],Lefevrehaspointedout thatthecoreofalotofmodifiedmethodistheassign mentoftheconfli…     

短期利率期货的定价与价差分析

讨论了短期利率期货的套利定价与基差的基本原理,比较分析了期货价格与ＦＲＡ（远期利率协议）的行为,探讨了价差头寸问题。