不同厚度壳体装药在混凝土中爆炸的实验研究

为研究装药壳体厚度对混凝土毁伤效果的影响,设计了不同厚度壳体装药和无边界效应的混凝土靶板,并进行了实验.实验结果表明,在壳体厚度较小时,爆坑体积比裸装药炸药时的爆坑体积大;当壳体厚度增大时,爆坑体积呈下降趋势.随着壳体厚度的增加,壳体破碎性下降.通过空气冲击波超压测试,并结合经验公式计算了形成空气冲击波的能量占炸药爆炸总能量的比例.     

中华鳖组织学研究 Ⅲ．呼吸系统

取中华鳖呼吸道的不同节段以及肺组织数块，Ｂｏｕｉｎ’ｓ液固定，石蜡包埋，ＨＥ染色。部分组织块经１０％福尔马林固定，ｖｅｒｈｏｅｆｆ弹位纤维染色和伊红复染。观察结果表明，中华鳖呼吸道和肺的导管部没有腺体和杯状细胞之存在，管壁只有粘膜和外膜两层。气管和支气管由完整的“Ｏ”形软骨环支持。肺为海绵状，由细支气管、呼吸性细支气管和肺泡等构成。     

鳖脾脏的正常组织学和病理组织学

鳖脾脏分为被膜和自由髓、红髓构成的实质，被膜较薄,小梁极不发达；白髓由动脉周围淋巴鞘构成，无淋巴小结；红髓由脾索和脾窦组成，脾窦不发达、病鳖脾脏的被膜血管肿胀；红髓淤血，白髓缩小并有红细胞存在，两者分界不清；病变严重的，脾内细胞坏死，呈无细胞结构状。     

The taxonomy and biology of the Polystomatidae (Monogenea) in Australian freshwater turtles (Chelidae,Pleurodira)

Polystomoides scottae n. sp. is described from the urinary and accessory bladders of Chelodina expansa. Four species of Neopolystoma are described from the conjunctival sacs of Australian freshwater turtles (Chelidae): Neopolystoma cribbi n. sp. from Emydura signata, E. macquarii, Elseya latisternum and Chelodina expansa; Neopolystoma spratti n. sp. from Chelodina longicollis; Neopolystoma tinsleyi n. sp. from Chelodina expansa; and Neopolystoma queenslandensis n. sp. from Emydura signata and E. macquarii. Polystomoides australiensis, Neopolystoma macleayi and N. chelodinae are redescribed from new individuals. Neopolystoma australis is made a junior synonym of N. kreffti. P. australiensis, N. macleayi and N. cribbi produced on average 5·6, 4·3 and 0·7 eggs per day, respectively. Eggs of P. australiensis take 33–57 days at 18–24°C and 30–33 days at 24–28°C to develop and hatch. Oncomiracidia of P. australiensis and N. macleayi had 64 ciliated cells; the patterns of the ciliated cells are the same for both species. Different sizes of worms in different sites in the hosts suggest strongly that the oncomiracidia of P. australiensis and N. macleayi enter the host, migrate to the ureters, possibly to the kidneys, then to the urinary bladder and finally to either the accessory bladders or cloaca. Successful cross-infection experiments between host genera (Emydura to Elseya) indicated that P. australiensis and N. macleayi have a low degree of host specificity.     

温室鳖池的改进与排污效果的研究

分析了一般温室鳖池的设计弊端及其换水时的排污效果,和换水时对鳖正常活动的干扰.对温室鳖池的设计技术提出了有效的改进措施,从而在减少换水量的同时,提高了排污效果,并克服了换水对鳖活动的干扰.     

An Experimental Biotelemetric Study Based on Satellite Tracking During Post—nesting Migrations of Green Turtles

A biotelemetry experiment is conducted to study the migrant behavior of green turtles(Chelonia mydas)in South China Sea and acquire the physical environment data.The method in use is to track the post-nesting migrant routes of green turtles through the satellite linked transmitters attached on the back of turtles and the global satellite signal transmitting system of Argos.We obtained the positions of the post-nesting migrant routes of three green turtles and environment data,which are important in conservation of green turtles and the research of physical oceanography.Based on the test,the concept,principle and method of biotelemetry are also introduced in this paper with a discussion of the further development of this technique and its applying prospection in future.     

FAAS法测定花生及杏仁中钙镁锌

用非完全消化法处理样品,即在低温下用高氯酸-硝酸(1∶3)混合酸消解花生及杏仁样品,再用乳化剂TritonX-100溶解未消解的油脂而配制成透明的草绿色样品溶液,建立了快速测定花生及杏仁中钙、镁、锌的火焰原子吸收分析法.分别用La3+,Sr2+作为钙、镁的释放剂以消除共存元素的化学干扰.在测定花生中镁时,需使用氘灯以扣除背景吸收.实验表明试液的物理性质与空白溶液一致,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于2.1%.本方法测定结果与灰化法一致,相对误差小于±4.0%.     

高效液相色谱法测定贝壳类海洋生物中的多胺含量

利用柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测定了贝壳类海洋生物（蛤蜊、牡蛎、扇贝）中多胺（主要是指亚精胺（SPD）和精胺（SPM））的含量.采取多种提取试剂（如不同浓度的HC1和H2SO4、甲醇、水提醇沉等）考察了样品中多胺的提取效果,另外,确定了最佳提取时间和温度.结果表明：样品中多胺的最佳提取条件为6 mol·L-1HC1溶液,蛤蜊和牡蛎60℃下提取3h,扇贝提取时间4h为好.提取液用丹磺酰氯衍生,甲苯萃取后高效液相色谱分析.色谱条件：流动相为甲醇和水,采用梯度洗脱,柱温40℃,荧光检测.测定结果：亚精胺（SPD）的回归方程为Y=0.172 9＋0.2616 X（R=0.998 8）,检出限为0.48 pmol;精胺（SPM）的回归方程Y=0.074 0＋0.170 4X（R=0.999 2）,检出限为0.54 pmol.     

中华鳖腮腺炎的病理组织学初步观察

取具有典型鳃 症状的中华鳖病材之肝,肠,肺,脾,肾等组织数块,Ｚｅｎｋｅｒ’ｓ液固定,石蜡包埋,ＨＥ染色,封固后进行病理组织学观察。