基于出动效率最大的离场优化排序

飞机离场优化排序对于缓解跑道拥挤现象、提升作战体系出动效率具有重要意义。针对军航双跑道离场优化排序问题,首先建立了基于飞机在预定空域形成“任务包”时间最小为目标函数的优化排序模型,然后设计了一种基于精英反向学习策略和黏菌觅食行为的改进海洋捕食者算法进行求解,最后通过一个仿真实验,与其他算法的优化结果进行对比,改进的海洋捕食者算法使得“任务包”形成时间明显缩短,有效提升了作战飞机的出动效率,可以应用于解决飞机离场优化排序问题。     

深圳湾潮间带湿地沉积物的重金属分布特征

对深圳湾潮间带湿地的9个采样点采集的沉积物样品进行了分析,测定了沉积物的粒径分布、重金属(Cu,Zn,Cr,Pb,Ni)的总量和生物有效态含量．分析了深圳湾湿地沉积物重金属含量的时空变化以及重金属不同形态之间的关系,从生物有效态含量在总量中占有的比例说明了深圳湾重金属污染比较严重,对重金属生物有效态的测定方法进行了简化．对各采样点的重金属积累量与底栖动物群落之间可能存在的关系进行了讨论．     

基于ZigBee技术的无线传感器网络在海洋生态环境监测中的应用研究

针对海洋生态环境监测平台中通信线缆易腐蚀、易破损、布线繁杂等问题,设计了一种基于ZigBee技术和嵌入式平台的海洋生态环境监测系统,通过无线传感器组网的方式构建应用于海洋台站或者浮标的小型无线传感器网络,实现了监测平台内部主控制器和多传感器的无线数据传输。长期实验结果表明,该无线传感器网络传输数据稳定、可靠,为海洋生态环境监测工作提供了很大的便利,具有一定的实践意义。     

松花江表层沉积物、悬浮颗粒物与生物膜中各组分萃取分离的研究

主要研究一种对松花江表层沉积物、悬浮颗粒物与生物膜中各化学组分进行选择萃取分离的方法,从而深入了解各种重金属在各相以及各化学组分中的分配规律。结果表明:0.008mol.L-1NH2OH.HC l 0.01 mo.lL-1HNO3,30 m in可萃取锰氧化物;0.8 mo.lL-1Na2S2O4、pH=6.5时40 m in可萃取无定形铁氧化物和锰氧化物;0.1 mo.lL-1HNO3,30%H2O2,85℃水浴5 h萃取沉积物和悬浮颗粒物中有机质,0.02 mo.lL-1HNO3,30%H2O2振荡24 h萃取生物膜中有机质;0.1 mo.lL-1C6H806 0.2 mo.lL-1(NH4)2C2O4,pH=3.25萃取铁、锰氧化物条件对于各组分具有很好的分离效果。C6H806 (NH4)2C2O4与Tessier连续萃取法结果进行比较,认为所萃取的铁、锰几乎包含了沉积物、悬浮颗粒物与生物膜中全部起吸附作用的铁和锰。该方法可以应用于萃取松花江表层沉积物、悬浮颗粒物和生物膜中铁、锰氧化物和有机质,所萃取的组分具有可比性。     

长江源头典型湖泊表层沉积物中多氯联苯残留状况

选择地处长江源头典型湖泊之一的红枫湖为试区,对该水域的14个典型采样点表层沉积物中多氯联苯(PCBs)残留量进行了调研,以揭示长江源头典型湖泊中PCBs的残留现状,以及各种同系物在湖泊底质中的分布特征.结果表明:PCBs残留总量介于ND~87.7 ng/g之间,平均值在27.2 ng/g,主要以4~6氯联苯为主.按残留量均值从高到低的几种同系物依次是:PCB138>PCB153>PCB126>PCB180>PCB105;检出率较高的几种同系物依次是:PCB153>PCB138>PCB126>PCB180.PCBs含量具有明显的地域性,以花鱼洞大桥为界限,将湖分为南北两湖,PCBs总含量北湖明显高于南湖.初步认为工业污染和PCBs理化性质是造成百花湖底质中PCBs来源的主要原因.     

獐子岛附近海域沉积物中氮和磷的分布来源及污染风险评价

【目的】为探讨北黄海獐子岛附近海域氮、磷的来源及其污染风险状况,对该海域表层沉积物中氮、磷的形态和分布特征进行分析。【方法】采用K2S2O8氧化法和HCl浸取法对獐子岛附近海域13个站位的表层沉积物中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)及其无机和有机态的含量进行分析,并采用单因子标准指数法对氮、磷的污染水平进行评价。【结果】獐子岛附近海域沉积物中TN和TP的含量分别为0.192~1.357 mg/g和0.302~0.489mg/g,有机氮(ON)和无机磷(IP)是表层沉积物中氮和磷的主要存在形式,分别占TN与TP的90.93%和82.84%。沉积物中TN和TP在研究区域南部含量较高,这与沉积物粒度密切相关;而ON、有机磷(OP)两者都与有机碳(TOC)含量具有显著相关性,说明它们具有相似的来源。单因子标准指数法分析表明獐子岛附近海域沉积物中TP含量较低,标准指数均小于1;而TN含量相对较高,其标准指数为0.35~2.47。【结论】獐子岛附近海域沉积物中氮为陆源和自生混合来源,而磷主要是陆源输入;海域沉积物环境受到氮的污染。     

Swedish nemerteans (phylum Nemertea), with description of a new hoplonemertean genus and species

A survey of the nemertean fauna along the Swedish west coast found specimens of 20 genera and 32 species, of which one genus and species is new to science (Tetraneuronemertes lovgreni gen. et sp. n.). The proportions of the three taxa Hoplonemertea, Heteronemertea, and Palaeonemertea are 34, 55, and 11%, respectively, with respect to specimen numbers, and the proportions for species within these taxa are 53, 31 and 16%, respectively. The most common species encountered during the survey were the heteronemerteans Lineus bilineatus, Micrura fasciolata, and Micrura purpurea, the hoplonemertean Nipponnemertes pulcher, and the palaeonemertean Cephalothrix rufifrons.     

New species of Monstrilloida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from the Eastern Tropical Pacific

Monstrilloid copepods were collected from the oceanic island Isla del Coco in the Eastern Tropical Pacific; two undescribed species were found, one of Cymbasoma and one of Monstrillopsis. The first species, represented by females only, is distinguished by the structure of its fifth legs, the antennular armature and the position of the ovigerous spines. The new Monstrillopsis, represented by male specimens, is distinguished by its genital lappets and details of the antennule armature. The isolation of this island, 532 km from the mainland, and the limited dispersal means of monstrilloids suggest potential endemism of these species. A recent record of Cymbasoma tumorifrons from the Mexican Pacific was found to represent a new species of Cymbasoma. It can be distinguished from C. tumorifrons, probably a Mediterranean form, by its body shape and antennular armature. These findings double the number of monstrilloid species known from the Eastern Tropical Pacific.     

New species of Marionina (Oligochaeta: Enchytraeidae) from a wave-exposed rocky shore in SE Ireland

Marionina macgrathi sp. nov. and M. ulstrupae sp. nov. are described from rock crevices, animal mats and algal turf on a wave-exposed rocky shore at Carnsore Point, County Wexford. Both resemble M. appendiculata Nielsen and Christensen, 1959 in having sigmoid setae and lacking a muscular penial bulb, but differ in possessing seminal vesicles and larger sperm funnels. The new species differ from each other in characters of the sperm funnel, spermatheca, coelomocytes and clitellum. They are compared with material of M. appendiculata from three localities in Ireland and two in USA.     

基于灰色关联度分析的北部湾海洋旅游业发展影响因素及对策研究

北部湾海洋旅游资源丰富,海洋旅游业发展态势良好,但也存在海洋旅游资源开发利用不合理、旅游产品同质化等问题.该文基于灰色关联度分析,制定北部湾海洋旅游业发展对策:大力培育高质量的旅游中介企业,打造经典海洋旅游品牌,提高海洋旅游基础配套设施质量,基于游客需求设计海洋旅游产品.