基于FLAC的圆形隧道数值模拟

介绍了有限差分数值计算软件FLAC（fast lagrangian analysis of continua）,采用FLAC对地下圆形市政隧道进行二维数值模拟,分别进行了隧道自重应力场的模拟计算、隧道开挖模拟计算和隧洞支护后模拟计算.得出了隧道位移、变形、各种应力云图等重要工程信息,其结论可为工程施工提供依据,以便更加安全、经济、合理地完成工程建设.     

含有缺陷的二维光子晶体能带特性

为进一步研究有缺陷光子晶体的能带特性，并以此作为光子晶体器件的设计理论依据，利用倒易空间的概念，得到了正方晶格的最小布里渊区的分布、采用时域有限差分加Bloch边界方法得到了二维光子晶体的能带特性．结合超元胞的方法计算了含有点缺陷和线缺陷的光子晶体的特性，并且得到了缺陷模式的场分布，通过对能带特性的分析，将对光子晶体的研究从量子阱结构发展到了量子点结构．     

中国石龙子头、体大小的性二态

本文研究中国石龙子（Ｅｕｍｅｃｅｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）头、体大小的性二态。成雄体长和体重略大于成雌，但在统计上无明显差异。雌雄亚成体相对头长，相对头宽和相对头高无显著差异。成雄相对头长、相对头宽和相对头高显著大于成雌和亚成体。亚成体相对头长、相对头宽和相对头高与成雌无显著差异。雄性性成熟后头部的生长显著大子雌性。     

有理逼近及其在数值优化中的应用

文章利用倒差商研究了数值有理逼近的理论和方法，证明了有理插值函数的唯一性，并应用该方法求解数值优化问题，建立了直线搜索的计算方案。计算结果表明，用有理插值方法求解数值优化问题是速度快、精度高的算法     

铝青铜表面激光熔覆镍基合金温度场的数值模拟

以铝青铜为基材、铜镍合金为熔覆粉末,采用压粉方式实现激光熔覆加工.对此过程建立二维温度场数值模型,考虑温度变化对铝青铜热物理参数的影响以及表面对流换热、内部结晶潜热等因素,用C++语言编写激光熔覆过程中温度场模型的计算程序.结果表明,激光熔覆加工过程中的温度场变化是由非稳态到达稳态的过程,激光光斑附近温度梯度较大,远离光斑处温度梯度较小.由温度场分布图得知,为优化加工质量,满足熔覆要求,试验应采用由高到低的功率进行熔覆.     

一类二阶拟线性时滞差分方程的非振动性定理

研究了一类二阶拟线性时滞差分方程的渐近性，并给出了特殊情况下，此方程存在A∞^c，Ac^0型非振动解的充要条件以及存在A∞^0非振动解的充分条件．     

我国地区间收入分配差距扩大的实证分析

对城镇和农村地区间收入分配差距扩大进行了实证分析，用城镇居民人均可支配收入和农村居民人均纯收入的变异系数来衡量，结果显示我国地区间收入分配差距在不断扩大。分析了我国地区间收入分配差距扩大的主要原因，在此基础上通过建立计量模型对我国地区问城镇和农村居民收入分配差距的趋势进行了探讨，得出我国地区间城镇收入分配趋势是趋同、农村收入分配趋势是趋散的结论，并提出了相应的建议。     

极坐标系下麦克斯韦方程的分裂时域有限差分方法

将直角坐标系下的分裂时域有限差分方法（S—FDTD）推广到极坐标系情形中,提出了极坐标系下,带有理想导体边界条件的麦克斯韦方程的分裂时域有限差分方法（PS—FDTD）,分析了此方法的相容性和截断误差,并通过对奇点的特殊处理给出了计算方法和步骤．数值算例验证了该方法的有效性．     

一类高阶有理差分方程的全局渐近稳定性

运用子序列分析法研究一类高阶有理差分方程xn=xn-mxn-k axn-m xn-k的全局渐近稳定性,式中:m,k∈Z ,xs,xs 1,…,x0∈(0,∞),a∈[0,∞),s=min{1-m,1-k}.     

An imperfect imago? Post-mating loss of iridescent scales in Cheimas butterflies may change female from attractive to cryptic (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

Adults of both sexes of Cheimas opalinus (Staudinger), a Satyrinae butterfly occurring in the cloud forests of the Venezuelan Cordillera de Mérida, have simple wing colour patterns, dark brown dorsa marked by one conspicuous element, large greenish-blue patches in the discal area of the hind wing. It was observed that in young, freshly emerged females these patches are frequently absent. They fade away and eventually disappear during mating and nuptial flights when brushed out by lateral movements of the male’s hind wing put between folded female hind wings. The falling off of the scales is made easy because they do not adhere to the wing as firmly as brown background scales due to their particular folded extremities. We speculate that this process is related to the fitness of the females. Prior to mating, blue-green patches are advantageous because they attract the attention of the opposite sex and enhance the chances of successful mating. After mating they lose their sexual role. Females without the blue-green patches become cryptic. Thus, they are less apparent not only for the males, which helps them avoid sexual harassment, but also for potential bird predators. Additionally, the loss of blue reflecting scales may speed up the warming up of the abdomen and egg maturation. In the males, positive role of the patches (signalling), and negative (bird attraction), is balanced during their entire life span, and they fade gradually due to regular usage of wings scaling in flight. Our hypothesis is supported by morphological, optical, experimental and statistical analysis in which we used 509 individuals of both sexes. A similar ratio of young (with undamaged wing) females with or without blue patch was recorded, whereas in the males no individuals without any trace of blue patch were reported, and a correlation of age (wing damage) and gradual fading off of the patch was demonstrated. Such an adaptation involving an active change of the appearance of adults, i.e. colour patterns related to sexual selection, has not been reported previously in Lepidoptera.