生长猪赖氨酸营养研究及应用概况

生长猪前期饲喂高赖氨酸和消化能含量的日粮已见成效.对遗传改良的和生长公、母猪应提高其日粮中的赖氨酸水平.最重要的是要保证日粮中有足够的可被猪利用的赖氨酸.理想蛋白质概念的实际应用已成为可能.随着技术的进步和生产的迫切需要,这些方面的研究和应用在不断地取得进展.     

Sex determining mechanisms: An evolutionary perspective

Summary Theories on the evolution of sex determining mechanisms are reviewed for male and female heterogamety, environmental sex determination, and briefly, haplo-diploidy and hermaphroditism. Because of their discrete and well-defined nature, sex determining mechanisms lend themselves to three types of evolutionary questions:what variety occurs and might be expected but does not occur,how do changes occur from one mechanism to another, andwhy do certain changes occur? All three approaches were illustrated for these different sex determining mechanisms. A generality emerging from these studies is that, at the level of selection on the sex ratio, there are no intrinsic problems in evolving from one sex determining mechanism to another: straightforward transitions between different mechanisms exist under various conditions.     

Baker酵母用于光学活性昆虫性信息素的合成方法述评

通过综述近１０年来Ｂａｋｅｒ酵母用于不对称合成的研究十分活跃的状况，介绍了它在制备高光学活性手性化合物的发展近况，着重评述了Ｂａｋｅｒ酵母作用特点及其在合成光学学活性昆虫性信息素中的应用。     

南充城区小型兽类群落组成及优势种微尾鼩的性比特征

采用夹日法对南充城区的居民区、河谷、风景区和校园4种生境的小型兽类群落组成和优势种微尾的性比及其月变化和年龄组进行了研究.结果表明,南充城区共有微尾(Anourosorexsquamipes)、褐家鼠(Rattusnorvegicus)、社鼠(Niviventerconfucianus)、黄胸鼠(Rattusflavipecius)、黑线姬鼠(Apodemusagrarius)、大足鼠(Rattusnitidus)、小家鼠(Musmusculus)和灰麝(Crociduraattenuata)等8种小型兽类,群落组成以微尾为主.优势种微尾的总性比(♀/♂)为1.07(χ2=0.64,P>0.05),差异不显著,种群性比存在明显的年龄变化,但月性比变化不明显.     

朱鹮的染色体性别鉴定及核型分析

利用羽髓细胞短期培养、空气干燥制片、Giemsa染色,做了朱鹮的核型和性别鉴定.染色体2n=68,10对大染色体,其余为小染色体,一对性染色体,雌性为ZW,雄性为ZZ,W染色体长度约为Z染色体的一半.     

Male production induced by antibiotic treatment inEncarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), an asexual species

The production of large numbers of males in the thelytokous speciesEncarsia formosa was induced by feeding antibiotics to their mothers. The males induced by antibiotic treatment produce sperm and sometimes mate with females, but insemination does not occur.     

七星瓢虫精母细胞减数分裂观察研究

研究昆虫染色体一般选择在生殖细胞减数分裂阶段.七星瓢虫初级精母细胞的染色体计数为2n=16+X,减数分裂中期,n=8、n=8+X,染色体形态多为短棒状(参见照片).其性染色体是属XD型,雌性XX,为同配性别,雄性为异配性别,即X0(2n—1).昆虫染色体数量、组型,以及减数分裂的配对情况均与分类学亲缘关系有相关性,是昆虫正确鉴定和系统分类的重要参考.     

太行山猕猴腕骨形态与性差

为了解太行山猕猴腕骨三维结构和性差大小.成年太行山猕猴腕骨标本35例(雄12例,雌23例).选择5块主要腕骨(舟骨、月骨、钩骨、头状骨和豌豆骨)的4个形态变量进行测量.数据分析采用SPSS 20.0统计软件,采用Kolmogorov-Smirnov法对数据进行正态分布检验,性别组之间采用t检验.猕猴腕骨有10块,近侧排和远侧排各5块.测量数据呈正态分布.腕骨大部分变量性差显著,雄性大于雌性;左右两侧腕骨性差无统计学意义.推测猕猴腕骨性差与生活习性和运动方式有关.     

Population dynamics of the bark-dwelling spider Eustala perfida Mello-Leitão, 1947 (Araneidae)

Population dynamics of spiders may vary according to biotic and abiotic factors. We studied the phenology of the bark-dwelling spider Eustala perfida over a two-year period and investigated how temperature, precipitation, and prey availability were associated with the population of this species. The population of E. perfida presented a well-defined fluctuation, with one reproductive cycle per year. The recruitment of spiders occurred in summer, followed by successive phenological peaks at all stages of development. The species is protogynic, and the population of adult males peaks in the cold/dry season, indicating a winter mature phenological pattern. The diet of E. perfida is composed mainly of medium-sized homopterans, complemented by small dipterans and hymenopterans. We found that the higher abundance of spiders occurred two months after the highest values of precipitation and temperature, and three months after the higher abundance of potential prey items. These results indicate that spiders require time to respond to changes in environmental conditions. The species’ natural history and the structure of the trunks in which it lives may also affect the number of individuals in a particular area and over time.