山西水利旅游发展现状及其思考

国家水利部将水利旅游作为水利经济的重要内容之一，并希望通过水利风景区建设推动水利旅游发展，使其成为水利行业新的经济增长点。文章就山西水利旅游发展状况作了初步探讨。     

水下声场激励水表面横向微波的色散关系

针对水下声场在水表面激励横向微波的现象, 建立一套测量水表面横向微波波长的图像采集和处理系统, 利用该系统对水表面横向微波波长进行了测量, 将实验值与理论值进行比较, 结果表明, 表面横向微波是色散波, 理论模型给出的波长量级与实验结果相吻合.      

漆姑草挥发油化学成分的研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏方法提取漆姑草挥发油,测得漆姑草挥发油的含量为0.08%;利用GC-MS联用技术从漆姑草挥发油中分离并鉴定出28种化学成分,占总挥发油的69.635%;用峰面积归一化法通过化学工作站数据处理系统得出各化学成分在挥发油中的相对百分含量。方法稳定可靠,为开发及综合利用漆姑草提供科学依据。     

黄土塬区域城市地表水下渗问题研究

在大规模现场试验及分析基础上,研究了黄土塬区域城市地表水下渗能力、对工程地质及地下水污染的影响问题.结果表明,黄土对地表水有较强的下渗能力,采用0.3～0.5 m/d的稳渗率作为下渗工程设计参数是比较合理的.湿陷性黄土层厚达20 m左右,各类建筑与新建下渗水池之间的距离不得小于60 m.黄土塬地表水下渗的规律是以垂直裂隙下渗为主,水平方向下渗量很小,且为不均匀下渗.为保护地下水,雨水可以下渗,污水严禁下渗.为黄土塬区域城市水土保持提供了理论参考.     

高浓度退浆印染废水的强化混凝处理研究

针对印染废水难以生物降解处理的特性,研究了高浓度退浆印染废水的强化混凝处理,同时探讨了其后续生物处理的工艺选择.实验结果表明,控制FeSO4:SNM(阳离子絮凝剂)=35:65、混凝剂总投加量为100 mg/L、pH在4.9～5.4范围条件下,对CODCr=2.62×103 mg/L的退浆印染废水混凝处理时,CODCr去除率达38.0%、浊度去除率达99.17%.用聚合氯化铝/SNM复配絮凝剂对同一废水水样混凝处理时,最佳条件下得其CODCr去除率为30.0%、浊度去除率为98.64%.因此,FeSO4:SNM=35:65的复配絮凝剂及其混凝处理条件,更有利于退浆印染废水的强化混凝处理.比较分析退浆印染废水分别经由直接好氧、混凝-好氧和混凝-水解酸化-好氧联合工艺的处理结果,可知混凝-水解酸化-好氧联合工艺更加适用于高浓度退浆印染废水的处理.     

基于MapObjects2.3开发南宁邕江水域信息管理系统

使用地理信息系统(GIS)控件MapObjects2.3,Visual Basic6.0和其它编程工具开发南宁邕江水域信息管理系统.系统能够实现南宁邕江水域信息的集中、高效管理,以及流域水质的预测,能为及时制定南宁邕江水域的水污染预防和控制策略提供重要依据.     

Experimental studies on interaction of water mist with class K fires

Interaction of water mist with cooking oil fires is studied experimentally and theoretically. A LDV/APV system is used to measure the velocity and diameter of water mist at different pressures in the experiments,and the effect of water mist velocity and diameter on fire extinguishment efficiency is investi-gated. The experimental results show that water mist has excellent surface cooling effect; it can control and extinguish cooking oil fires quickly without re-ignition. The critical temperature (Tfo) is calculated by energy balance equation,and the fire plume momentum is calculated and compared with that of water mist in order to determine the critical velocity (νwy) of fire extinguishment. This paper provides references for cooking oil fires extinguishment with water mist.     

Climate change and hydrologic process response in the Tarim River Basin over the past 50 years

Climate change and hydrologic process response in the Tarim River Basin over the past 50 years are the focus of more and more researchers＇ attention. In this paper, both temperature and precipitation time series were found to present a monotonic increasing trend using nonparametric tests. Noticeably, a significant step change in both temperature and precipitation time series occurred in 1986. By contrasting the trends of natural water process in headstream and mainstream, we found that it was anthropogenic activities not climate change that caused the river dried up and vegetation degenerated in the lower reaches of Tarim River. The results of gray correlation analysis show that the runoff of higher latitude distributing river is more closely associated with winter snow stocking, while that of lower latitude is more closely related to summer temperature. Runoff in the headstream is more sensitive to precipitation, while that in the mainstream is more sensitive to evaporation. The strong evaporation caused by increasing temperature weakened runoff to some extent in spite of the fact that precipitation increased over the past 50 years.     

中国西南地区岩溶水资源的特点及可持续利用对策

岩溶水资源是西南岩溶地区社会经济发展的一个最为重要的支撑点．西南岩溶地区降水丰富，岩溶水资源总量大，但由于强烈的岩溶作用和岩溶植被的破坏，西南岩溶地区成为我国严重缺水的地区之一，水资源问题成为制约该地区经济发展的关键因素．充分认识西南岩溶地区水资源的赋存特点和时空演变规律，认清目前岩溶水资源开发利用中存在的问题及原因，有利于今后西南岩溶地区水资源的合理开发和保护，对实现西南岩溶地区脱贫和社会经济的可持续发展具有重要意义．从地质背景和人类活动胁迫两方面分析了岩溶含水层的特点以及目前西南岩溶地区水资源开发利用中存在的突出问题，提出了西南岩溶区水资源的可持续利用的对策．     

半干旱区农牧交错带风水交互侵蚀特点研究——以内蒙古四子王旗南部为例

以内蒙古四于王旗南部为例，研究了半干旱区农牧交错带风水交互侵蚀的特点．结果表明，该地区低山丘陵与宽谷相间分布，坡地上有大量疏松的沉积物；夏季降水以暴雨为主，春秋季多大风，形成风水复合侵蚀发育．每年夏秋季节的水蚀为风蚀提供了大量的沙物质，第2年春季的大风将沙物质进一步吹扬扩散，为水蚀的搬运提供了物质基础，如此反复．使水系的上游形成沟谷，中下游沙化迅速．