调控物质浸种对NaCl胁迫小麦幼苗生长抑制的缓解效应

研究了调控物质赤霉素(GA3)、矮壮素(CCC)、多效唑(MET)、脯氨酸(Pro)、黄腐酸(FA)和水杨酸(SA)浸种对NaCl胁迫下小麦幼苗株高、总根长、根活力、POD活性、MDA含量、脯氨酸含量及叶绿素含量的影响.结果表明,所试调控物质均表现缓解NaCl胁迫伤害的效应,其中CCC、MET、SA和Pro的效应更为明显.     

Larval development of Clibanarius antillensis Stimpson, 1859 (Crustacea: Anomura: Diogenidae) reared under laboratory conditions: a comparison between Panamanian and Brazilian populations

The larval developmental sequences of Clibanarius antillensis Stimpson from first zoea through to megalopa are compared between laboratory-reared populations from Panama and Brazil. Only four zoeal stages are recorded for the Panamanian population, in contrast to four or five for the Brazilian larvae. Other differences in morphology are discussed and illustrated. Variations resulting from geographic differences and/or differing laboratory conditions raise the question of the validity of phylogenetic hypotheses based on single laboratory rearing events.     

Sexual dimorphism in chelicerae,forelegs and palpal traits in two burrowing wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) with sex-role reversal

Allocosa alticeps and Allocosa brasiliensis are two sex-role-reversed spiders. Females locate males and initiate courtship. Copulation occurs inside male burrows and after copulation the males deliver their burrows to the females. We explored the occurrence of differences in morphological traits related to sex roles in both Allocosa species and compared the results with two non-burrowing wolf spiders with typical sex roles. We measured the length of the foreleg's tibia-patella and the chelicerae. Scanning electron micrographs of palpal tarsus distal sections were taken. Males showed higher values than females in all the traits considered. Adult and penultimate males lacked true claws compared with juveniles and females, but showed modified spines. The palpal organ was more proximal to the tibia compared with the non-burrowing lycosids considered in this study. Spines and palpal organ location could be associated with more effective digging. We discuss how natural and sexual selection could interact on morphology in this scenario.     

Study of the external morphology of Leptodora kindtii Focke, 1844 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Haplopoda), with notes on its relation to Cladocera and on conspecificity of populations of the species over the Eurasian range

Leptodora kindtii is a peculiar carnivorous crustacean widely distributed and occupying a prominent position in the freshwater planktonic communities. This species was originally found and described in the 1840–1860s and since then it has been a subject of numerous studies, morphological, embryological, behavioural, and ecological, which elucidated various aspects of its body structure and mode of life. Nevertheless, analysis of the literature and personal investigation of material on the species have led to the conclusion that the morphology of the species was not studied properly and the previous data might be incorrect and inconsistent, which obstructed proper understanding of its phylogeny, taxonomic position, and habits. In the present investigation, the external morphology of L. kindtii is described and analysed in detail, from comparative morphological and eco‐morphological aspects. Also, the morphological features of representatives of the species from different populations over the vast area of its Eurasian range have been studied with respect to their intra‐ and interpopulational variability and taxonomic significance. It has been shown that the majority of populations of L. kindtii from Europe to the Far East of Russia do not display any significant morphological differences, which testifies to their conspecificity. Only a small set of adult specimens from Lake Bolon (the Amur River basin, Far East of Russia) differed considerably from others in their small size and body proportions which implies the occurrence of another species of the genus in this region to be studied and validated in the future together with the enigmatic cave species L. pellucida Josef. In spite of high morphological peculiarity, L. kindtii possesses a number of “core” characteristics, which undoubtedly show its close relationship with other mostly small branchiopods (Ctenopoda, Anomopoda, Onychopoda) traditionally united in the taxon Cladocera whose validity has also been supported by modern molecular‐genetic studies.     

10种贵州特有植物的种苗繁殖试验及其分布机理研究

本文报道了贵州10种特有植物的种苗繁殖栽培和特有分布机理的研究结果:小黄花茶Camellia luteoflora、美丽红山茶C.delicata、冬青叶山茶C.ilicifolia、狭叶瘤果茶C.neriifolia、长柱红山茶C.longistyla和贵州石笔木Tutcheria kweichowen-sis的播种出苗率分别为30.5%、70.0%、50.0%、53.0%、70.0%和49.0%,其成苗数与出苗数的比值分别是51.7%、89.7%、89.7%、83.8%、87.5%、和71.0%;黄平槭Acer huangpingense、贵州槭A.guizhouensis、雷公山槭A.legongshanensis和红脉槭A.rubronervium的出苗率分别达60.3%、65.2%、72.0%和61.0%,其成苗数与出苗数的比值分别为99.0%、95.0%、99.2%和50.1%。采用种子田间播种育苗、枝条扦插繁殖的方式进行种苗扩繁栽培研究,按植物系统发育类群分为槭树属4种、山茶属5种、石笔木属1种等3个组别,分别测定扩繁系数为0.93～1、0.93～1和1,苗木产出周期2～3年,并对这10种特有植物特有分布的机理进行了探讨。这10种植物对环境因子敏感,对适应生态环境的选择性强,但却能够迁地扩繁栽培并生长良好,这说明了这些植物特有分布的物种生物学特性及其生态环境适应性的特征。     

小麦产量性状与品质性状的对应分析及偏相关分析

运用对应分析和偏相关分析对河南省2006-2007年小麦品种区试高肥冬水组连续参试两年共19个品种的12个产量和品质性状进行了分析。对应分析结果将供试品种分为三大类,第一类包括9个品种,属高产中质类品种;第二类含2个品种,属中产中质类品种;第三类包括8个品种,属中低产、中上质品种。并对各类品种的改良目标进行了讨论。从产量、产量性状及品质性状的偏相关分析结果得知,增加穗粒数、千粒质量与密度是获致小麦高产优质的有效途径。图1,表5,参8。     

组织文化演变的定性模拟分析

介绍了组织文化的研究现状,并提出使用定性模拟方法来模拟复杂环境下组织文化的演变.作者以定量研究派得出的结果作为模型建立的依据,根据denison的思想,用20个因素作为模型变量,并将其分为三个层次,并通过定性推理技术建立了组织丈化研究的定性模拟模型,最后提供了模拟结果.     

抗白粉病硬簇麦-Am3杂种后代的形态学及细胞学鉴定

对硬簇麦与Am3的杂交后代进行白粉病抗性鉴定,从中选出9个抗白粉病的种质系。形态学鉴定结果表明,9个种质系的形态学特点明显不同于双亲,主要农艺性状表现较好。细胞学鉴定结果表明,9个种质系的根尖细胞染色体数目均为42,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期I基本形成21个二价体,偶尔有单价体或多价体出现,但频率较低,相对紊乱系数较小,说明9个种质系在细胞学上已基本稳定。     

镍对水稻幼苗生长的作用

用不同浓度的ＮｉＣｌ２·６Ｈ２Ｏ处理水稻“华０３”，研究镍对水稻幼苗生长的影响．结果表明：在一定浓度范围内，随ＮｉＣｌ２·６Ｈ２Ｏ处理浓度的增加，幼苗株高、叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白质含量及过氧化物酶活力均随之增高．由此可认为：用适当浓度的ＮｉＣｌ２·６Ｈ２Ｏ处理水稻，可在一定程度上促进水稻幼苗的生长发育     

词的形态理据与词汇习得刍议

对大多数英语和非英语专业的中国大学生说来,词汇习得是他们学习英语过程中的难点。这主要是因为学生仍以机械记忆为主,难记易忘。本文引入形态理据的概念,并以实例分析为主,具体探讨了词的形态理据和多词素分解与词汇习得的密切关系,以期矫正和优化词汇的习得方式。