DLA集团形貌演化的计算机模拟

在二维正方网格上,利用与传纯扩散有限凝聚 DLA 方法不同的分形生长模型,研究了具有不同扩散半径的拉子无规行走凝聚过程.计算机模拟结果表明,随着拉子扩散半径的增加,分形集团在二维正方网格上按如下系列“无序分形→枝状结构→类十字结构→十字结构”的形貌演化.与去噪声 DLA 模型相比,本文所述模型能够更为方便的得到各向同性或各向异性的分形生长集团     

广西海岸白骨壤红树植物地上部生物量的相关分析

1992年3月在广西北海半岛大冠沙白骨壤群落研究了白骨壤植株的测树因子跟地上部生物量间的相关性。结果显示,由于白骨壤植株形态多变,树高通常小于2.0m,树高在估算地上部生物量时并不重要。植株的生物量可较好地用下述方程估算:茎:W=0.8496-0.4429D+0.0748D~2枝:W=-2.2744+1.5595e~(-H)+1.0590C+0.0606D~2叶:W=0.0180D~(2.1294)地上部分生物量:W=-2.4386+0.0081H/LnH+1.4796C+0.0991D~2式中 H 为树高(m),D 为基茎(cm),C 为冠幅(m~2),W 为干重(kg)。文中还给出了利用这些方程估算群落生物量的范例。     

中国沙棘营养器官结构特征及其与生境关系的研究

对中国沙棘初生结构的分化和次生生长过程进行了观察。发现沙棘根系角质层发达，外被粘质物，外皮层细胞的细胞壁大量栓质化。根瘤的形成与木质部和皮层有密切关系，弗兰克氏菌的侵入刺激皮层形成大量的薄壁细胞，向外突出形成根瘤。茎的皮层外部细胞较小，排列整齐，细胞壁厚，表皮外有很厚的角质层和一定量的蜡质。叶的结构更加体现了抗旱、耐寒植物的特点，栅栏组织发达，排列紧密，海绵组织不发达，细胞间隙较大，气孔深陷，且具有角质层和密而叠置的星状毛及鳞片等。这些均为生活在旱、寒环境里表现出的适应性。     

QTL mapping of the root traits and their correlation analysis with drought resistance using DH lines from paddy and upland rice cross

A Double Haploid (DH) population, 116 plants, derived from the cross between Japonica upland rice IRAT109 and paddy rice Yuefu, planted in PVC pipe under upland ecosystem in 2001 and 2002, was used in this study. Seven root traits, including basal root thickness (BRT), total root number (RN), maximum root length (MRL), root fresh weight (RFW), root dry weight (RDW), ratio of root fresh weight to shoot fresh weight (RFW/SFW) and ratio of root dry weight to shoot dry weight (RDW/SDW), were studied. Using index of drought resistance (IDR), the ratio of yield under upland ecosystem to yield under lowland ecosystem of DH lines, as the criteria of drought resistance, and correla-tion analysis between root traits and IDR, showed that BRT, MRL and RN were significantly correlated with IDR. High IDR lines had thicker BRT, longer MRL and less RN than low IDR lines. A molecular linkage map with 94 RFLP markers and 71 SSR markers covering 1535.1 cM was pro-duced. QTLs and G譋 interactions for BRT, RN, MRL, RFW, RDW, RFW/SFW and RDW/SDW were obtained based on the constructed molecular linkage map and soft-ware QTLmapper version 1.0. A total of 18 additive QTLs and 18 pairs of epistatic QTLs associated with root traits were detected. There were nine additive QTLs and two pairs of epistatic QTLs performed significant interactions with environment. Some QTLs with high general contribution and no G譋 interaction were obtained. Two pairs of epistatic QTLs mrl3 and mrl8, brt3 and brt11a controlling MRL and BRT had high general contributions of 21.51% and 13.03% respectively. An additive QTL and a pair of epistatic QTLs controlling RFW and RDW had high general contributions of 13.50% and 25.64% respectively. Marker assisted selec-tion (MAS) for rice drought resistance based on QTL with high general contribution, low G譋 interaction and tightly linkage with IDR were also discussed.     

水分胁迫条件下化控物质浸种对小麦根苗生长的影响

采用水培溶液添加PEG6000模拟干旱胁迫的方式，研究了化学调控物质浸种对不同程度水分胁迫下小麦根系及幼苗生长影响。结果表明，水分胁迫不同程度地降低了小麦幼苗的株高、叶面积、地上部及根的干重、根系活力、SOD、POD活性等，并明显增加了根系MDA含量水平。化学调控物质浸种处理可以增加各种条件下小麦的总根长、叶面积、根活力及SOD与POD活性，且表现出在干旱胁迫下增加幅度高于正常处理的现象。化学调控物质浸种有利于缓解干旱胁迫带来的不良影响。利用FA、GA、MET及稀土等化学调控物质浸种具有促进根系生长、培育小麦壮苗的突出作用。图3，表2，参14。     

Multi-objective dynamic detection of seeds based on machine vision

An approach to inspecting massive numbers of moving seeds was studied based on the techniques of dynamic inspection and machine vision. A progressive scanning CCD camera with external trigger function was used for real-time capture of dynamic images of seeds. The methods based on R channel of RGB (Red, Green and Blue) and region-dependent segmentation were adopted to reduce the data size of image processing and improve the efficiency of seeds inspection. All the seeds were sorted into four grades according to their morphological characteristics, such as surface area, perimeter, major axis, minor axis, circularity and eccentricity. The detection experiments indicated that the eligible ratio of the classifications was about 81.90% by this real-time inspection system.     

枣树嫁接育苗技术

从苗圃地的选择、砧木的培育、采集和贮藏接穗、枣树嫁接方法及嫁接苗的管理等方面介绍了我国北方枣树嫁接育苗的技术。     

一种运动背景下目标快速定位方法

针对运动背景下目标检测算法计算量大,难以实现实时跟踪的问题,提出了一种目标快速定位方法.该方法采用图像配准补偿背景运动量,由多帧图像差分消除背景图像获得目标图像,通过自适应阈值对目标图像二值化,用形态学处理消除噪声斑点,最后通过连通区域像素个数统计判决,进一步去除伪目标,最终定位目标区域.试验结果表明该方法能在2-6 ms内准确定位平移运动背景下的目标.     

论《红楼梦》里的龄官及其爱情悲剧

龄官是《红楼梦》中刻画得比较成功的次要人物之一，她的性格特质是造成其爱情和命运悲剧的重要原因。这一形象具有独特的认知价值和审美内涵，其爱情悲剧在全书整体结构中占有重要地位。     

基于视频的交通参数的自动提取

介绍一种基于视频的交通参数的自动提取系统.针对实时交通图像的特点,提出一种基于RGB彩色向量聚类的动态背景生成方法.通过背景差法提取出目标物体,并应用形态学方法消除噪声.根据汽车在交通图像中的位置进行汽车长度的按比例换算,统计出汽车占用车道总长,从而得到每一车道的车辆数、车辆占有率及车辆平均占有率.实验结果表明,系统能够较准确地检测出车道的车辆占有率.