茴香成熟叶柄石蜡切片技术的研究

石蜡切片技术是一项基础的实验技术,在具体操作过程中仍经常在的裂纹、皱缩、不粘片、脱落、薄厚不匀等问题.且不同作物,同一种作物不同器官,同一器官不同发育阶段,每一环节所采取的方法不同,在实际操作工程中均不能照搬实验指导或者文献,而需要进行反复摸索才可以制得一个理想的片子.实验以小茴香成熟叶柄为材料,通过大量的摸索性试验,成功制得了小茴香成熟叶柄的永久性石蜡片子,明确了叶柄的内部组织构造,提出了取材与固定、脱水与透明、浸蜡与包埋、染色、切片、粘片等关键环节的适宜操作方法,提高了制片效率和成功率,为利用石蜡切片技术进行科研和教学的工作人员提供参考.     

涡流发生器对3/4汽车模型风洞流场品质的影响

采用数值计算的方法对3/4开口回流式汽车风洞喷口处的涡流发生器进行了研究.对比研究了三种不同片数的涡流发生器对流场品质的影响.首先采用定常雷诺时均纳维斯托克斯方程求解了流场的定常特性,接着采用大涡模拟(LES)方法对流场的非定常特性进行了研究.并就两种计算方法给予了相应的试验验证.对比计算结果得到涡流发生器可以在一定程度上提高流场均与性,尤其是三片式涡流发生器的工况能较好地拓宽风洞测试区的高流速区域的范围,降低测试区的静压梯度,减小试验段内的湍流度和剪切层内的湍流度,延长测试段内低湍流区的长度,分散流场内的脉动能量,降低低频颤振敏感频率区的能量聚集.     

退化喀斯特植被不同恢复阶段土壤质量变化

为探讨退化喀斯特生态系统植被恢复对土壤质量的改良效果。本文对花江流域退化喀斯特植被不同演替阶段的土壤的石砾含量、含水量、容重、持水量、孔隙度、pH值、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮及速效P、K等理化指标进行测定分析。结果表明:植被恢复促进了喀斯特山地土壤pH值降低、控制了土壤pH值的上升。土壤石砾含量随植被恢复而下降;有机质含量随植被恢复而上升。在整个演替的过程中,全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮及速效P、K含量随植被的恢复而呈波动变化的趋势;土壤质量的生境变化总体上表现为石沟较高。综合分析表明,研究区植被恢复总体上促进了土壤理化质量的提高。     

城市水生态文明建设方法探讨——以郑州市河道生态修复和景观建设为例

基于城市水生态文明建设方法,以郑州市河道生态修复和景观建设为例,对郑州市城市水生态文明建设存在的问题进行分析,结合郑州市水生态文明示范市的建设,提出了水生态文明建设与生态修复的思路及解决问题的方法.     

Redox condition during Ediacaran–Cambrian transition in the Lower Yangtze deep water basin,South China: constraints from iron speciation and δ~(13) Corg in the Diben section,Zhejiang

Cherts of the Piyuancun Formation and black mudstones of the Hetang Formation in Diben Town, Kaihua County, Zhejiang were deposited in a deep water basin of the Lower Yangtze area during the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition(E–C transition), offering an opportunity to reconstruct the ancient redox condition of the deep water basin. Total 53 samples were collected and analyzed for iron speciation, including pyrite iron(FePy), carbonate associated iron(FeCarb), iron oxide and hydroxide(FeOx),magnetite iron(FeMag) and total iron(FeT) as well as d13 Corgto gain a deeper understanding of specific redox condition during the period. The results show that(1) most samples have pyrite concentration \1 %, with the FePy/FeHR ratio ranging from \0.01 to 0.81(mostly \0.5), and the FeHR/FeT ratio between 0.39 and 0.93(mostly [0.5).(2) The E–C boundary in the Diben section occurred at the maximum negative excursion of organic carbon isotope within the Piyuancun Formation, which can be correlated with other sections by using d13 Corg. We thus concluded that the relatively high content of highly reactive iron and low content of pyrite iron in the Diben section indicate a minor occurrence of H2 S and a predominance of anoxic and ferruginous environment, which is similar to other reported sections such as the Longbizui and Yanwutan sections, western Hunan. In addition, oxygen concentration in sea water showed an increasing trend in the interval corresponding to the bottom and upper layer of the Hetang Formation as indicated by the FeHR/FeT ratio, which decreased from 0.7 to 0.38, however, it was not great enough to oxidize the whole deep water. Therefore, during the E–C transition deep water basin in South China was most likely an anoxic and ferruginous enrironment, which prevented metazoon from the evolution in the deep water basin. Our work offers an important reference to better understanding of the spatiotemporal occurrence and dynamic processes of the ‘‘Cambrian Explosion'.     

瞬变电磁法在探测煤田采空区积水中的应用

在介绍测区地质概况的基础上,利用瞬变电磁法对同煤集团塔山煤矿采空区及采空积水区进行探测,在已知地质钻孔附近进行了参数选择实验,并根据高阻为采空区,特低阻为采空积水的地球物理原则,指导后期资料解释。     

隧道燕尾段施工方案探讨

随着铁路建设的不断发展,隧道断面已不仅仅是单一的单线或双线隧道,隧道由单洞双线隧道分叉变为双单洞单线隧道或由双单线隧道汇合成双线单洞双线隧道等结构形式不断出现,该类隧道燕尾段施工方案的选定决定施工的安全。以西属巴隧道为例对燕尾段施工方案进行了探讨。     

白龙江流域泥石流沟不同立地条件下土壤理化性质对比研究

选择土壤p H值、碳酸钙质量分数、有机质质量分数、速效磷质量浓度、含水率等5项具有代表性的土壤理化性质指标,研究了甘肃省武都区构林坪泥石流沟土壤理化性质.结果表明:该流域海拔1 800 m以上区域,林地土壤的p H值、碳酸钙质量分数、有机质质量分数和含水率均高于耕地和草地的;土壤的速效磷质量浓度耕地高于草地和林地的.海拔1 301～1 800 m区域,林地土壤的p H值、碳酸钙质量分数、有机质质量分数有所下降,但依然高于草地和耕地的;土壤含水率草地的最高,土壤速效磷质量浓度则是耕地的最高.海拔1 300 m以下地区,耕地土壤的p H值、碳酸钙质量分数、速效磷质量浓度、有机质质量分数和含水率都高于草地和林地的.从整体上看,构林坪泥石流沟的林地土壤理化性质优于草地和耕地的.对同一土地利用类型,母质为石灰岩的土壤理化性质优于母质为千枚岩的,阴坡土壤理化性质优于阳坡的.     

弯道出流横向流速发展过程的解析解

针对现有弯道出流横向流速衰减公式忽略横比降的局限,推导了考虑横比降影响的出弯直道内横向流速发展的解析解.该解析解的各项具有明确的物理意义.与试验数据对比表明,该解析解能够较为合理地预测出弯后直段内横向流速的发展,计算结果优于未考虑横比降的公式.横比降对直段的影响主要集中在靠近弯道的直段入口和出口.当横比降影响较大时,不考虑横比降的公式计算值与实测值相差较大,而考虑横比降的解析解的计算结果与实测符合得较好.     

Fragile audio watermarking with perfect restoration capacity based on an adapted integer transform

We propose a novel audio watermarking scheme which can recover the original audio carrier perfectly if the watermarked audio is modified. Besides, we can adjust the maximum tampered rate allowed and the quality of watermarked audio flexibly as required. In the scheme, an efficient generalized integer transform is improved to embed watermark data which are composed of least significant bits（LSBs） of averages in each patch, reference-bits and check-bits. LSBs are needed in the inverse transform. Then, by comparing the extracted check-bits and calculated ones, the modified area can be localized. Finally, reliable reference-bits and samples data help us reconstruct the original audio without errors. The efficiency of the proposed method is theoretically and experimentally verified.