表面形貌对应力集中系数的影响研究

基于线弹性力学计算了机加工试样表面各点的应力分布,提出了等效应力集中系数的概念,该参量可以反映机加工表面的总体应力集中水平.采用谐波叠加的方式模拟表面形貌,提出了表面形貌有限元建模的新方法.分析了粗糙度的各表征参数对有效应力集中系数的影响.结果表明表面形貌各粗糙度表征参数对有效应力集中系数均具有明显的影响,各粗糙度表征参数与有效应力集中系数之间具有二次曲线拟合关系式.      

成都双流机场一次多雷暴天气的雷达回波分析

成都双流机场在2000年7－8月有35天内出现23次雷暴，经过天气形势的分析，发现该次多雷暴天气中局地性势雷暴和系统性雷暴各占一半左右。通过对这两类雷暴的雷达回波的特征进行了比较分析，得出热雷暴和系统性雷暴在回波参数、时空分布、初生源地、移动路径以及演变过程都存在明显的差异。系统性雷暴在雷达回波上表现为形成与移动是有组织的、有系统的多单体的集合，各个单体的生消过程构成了雷暴的生命史，因而系统性雷暴的生命时间大大超过了对流单体的生命时间。在消散单体的下沉冷空气外流和前方低空暖湿气流汇合作用下，新单体得以生成与发展，雷暴的发展与维持主要是通过这种机制。     

Effects of Nano-Particles on the Tribological and Thermal Properties of Piston Ring-Cylinder Liner

The effects of ultra-dispersed diamond (UDD) on the friction force, wear, and temperature of tribological pairs have been investigated. The experimental tests were carried out on a modified piston ringcylinder liner bench tester with different particle mass fractions of 0, 0.02%, and 0.10%. The results show that compared with a pure fluid, the mixture of the fluid and UDD not only reduces the friction and wear, but also reduces the bulk temperature of the specimen. The mechanism by which the UDD lubricant improves the tribological properties has some relationship with surface topography, because it can increase the bearing capability of surfaces.     

Influence of mesoscale topography on vortex intensity

The effect of mesoscale topography on multi-vortex self-organization is investigated numerically in this paper using a barotropic primitive equation model with topographic term. In the initial field there are one DeMaria major vortex with the maximum wind radius rm of 80 km at the center of the computational domain, and four meso-β vortices in the vicinity of rm to the east of the major vortex center.When there is no topography present, the initial vortices self-organize into a quasi-final state flow pattern, I.e. A quasi-axisymmetric vortex whose intensity is close to that of the initial major vortex. However, when a mesoscale topography is incorporated, the spatial scale of the quasi-final state vortex reduces, and the relative vorticity at the center of the vortex and the local maximum wind speed remarkably increase. The possible mechanism for the enhancement of the quasi-final state vortex might be that the negative relative vorticity lump,generated above the mesoscale topography because of the constraint of absolute vorticity conservation, squeezes the center of positive vorticity towards the mountain slope area, and thus reduces the spatial range of the major vortex. Meanwhile, because the total kinetic energy is basically conservative, the squeezing directly leads to the concentration of the energy in a smaller area, I.e. The strengthening of the vortex.     

Influence of mesoscale topography on vortex intensity

The effect of mesoscale topography on multi-vortex self-organization is investigated numerically in this paper using a barotropic primitive equation model with topographic term. In the initial field there are one DeMaria major vortex with the maximum wind radius rm of 80 km at the center of the computational domain, and four meso-b vortices in the vicinity of rm to the east of the major vortex center. When there is no topography present, the initial vortices self-organize into a quasi-final state ?ow pattern, i.e. a quasi-axisymmetric vortex whose intensity is close to that of the initial major vortex. However, when a mesoscale topography is incorporated, the spatial scale of the quasi-final state vortex reduces, and the relative vorticity at the center of the vortex and the local maximum wind speed remarkably increase. The possible mechanism for the enhancement of the quasi-?nal state vortex might be that the negative relative vorticity lump, generated above the mesoscale topography because of the constraint of absolute vorticity conservation, squeezes the center of positive vorticity towards the mountain slope area, and thus reduces the spatial range of the major vortex. Meanwhile, because the total kinetic energy is basically conservative, the squeezing directly leads to the concentration of the energy in a smaller area, i.e. the strengthening of the vortex.     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部中生界延长组物源与盆地底形分析

通过重矿物、岩屑及碎屑成分的特征研究,认为鄂尔多斯盆地延长组主要受到3大物源控制,并且可进一步划分出6个次级物源;岩性、古生物对比和物源、古地理研究证明,在延长组中期,不存在来自正东方向的"富县三角洲";通过长7高阻泥岩、有效烃源岩分布特征及沉积相、地震相研究,认为盆地底形具有"南陡北缓、西陡东缓"的特点,这种特点造成了盆地东北部主要属于缓坡型湖泊三角洲体系,而在南部、西南部则属于陡坡型扇三角洲及三角洲前缘末端的浊积扇沉积.这些认识必将有助于今后盆地的油气勘探部署.     

基于AFM的纸张表面微观形貌分析及表征

利用原子力显微镜(AFM)获取纸张表面微观形貌数据,使用海伦公式对分形维数的算法进行优化,研究了纸张表面的分形特性及用分形维数表征纸张表面微观形貌的可行性.以不同范围和不同计算角度下的均方根粗糙度的标准差的平均值为研究纸张表面高度分布均匀性的参数,探讨了光泽涂布和真空镀铝对纸张表面微观形貌的影响.结果表明:采用未优化的算法所计算的纸张表面分形维数超出了理论值,而用优化后的算法所得的分形维数在理论值范围内;纸张表面具有分形特性,经算法优化后得出的分形维数可作为评价纸张表面微观形貌的参数,其值越大表示微观形貌越复杂;纸张表面高度分布均匀性参数越小,表示高度分布越均匀;当涂布量为3g/m2时,光泽涂布对纸张表面分形维数无影响,而表面高度分布均匀性参数从4.05nm降低至2.11nm;真空镀铝后,纸张表面分形维数从2.58减小至2.21,且表面高度分布均匀性参数从2.54nm降低至0.78nm.     

低频声源海底地震波的时域合成波形分析

在频域快速场模型的基础上进行逆傅里叶变换,得到海底地震波的时域合成波形计算方法,并对不同浅海环境参数下的合成波形进行了计算.结果表明:海底地震波的波动成分为海底表面波和简正波;当声源频率低于简正波最小截止频率时,不存在无衰减传播的简正波,其波动成分主要为海底表面波;随着声源频率增大,各阶简正波逐渐被激发且逐渐增强;声源深度越接近于海底,越有利于海底地震波的激发,波动成分中表面波越发占据主要地位;与硬质海底相比,软质海底更有利于低频声源激发海底地震波,但不利于较高频率声源海底地震波的激发.     

基于测斜仪的天然气水合物开采海底变形监测

根据Okada线弹性理论, 提出并建立海域天然气水合物开采的海底变形场模型, 对开采产生的海底变形场进行正演模拟, 并采用模拟退火方法, 对合成观测数据进行模型参数反演。结果表明, 利用测斜仪监测能够得到水合物开采区域准确的倾角、方位角和体积等信息。不同噪声水平下的测试结果表明, 所采用的模型参数反演方法具有良好的抗噪性。另外, 结合2017年中国南海神狐海域水合物开采试验, 分析测斜仪监测在实际应用中的可行性, 表明“产能递减型”开采方案在海底稳定性方面具有一定的优势。     

渤海中部海域海底地形地貌特征及其影响因素分析

渤海中部海域位于三湾(渤海湾、莱州湾、辽东湾)交汇处,形成与演化历史悠久,沉积物源丰富,其内部蕴含着丰富的地质信息.本研究基于多年来采集和搜集的高精度地形地貌数据、浅地层剖面数据和沉积物样品的测试分析数据,精细刻画了渤海中部海域海底地形地貌特征,并对其影响因素进行了分析.研究表明,渤海中部海域海底地形总体上呈现中间低、...