船舶航行三维显示系统的地形建模

根据船舶航行对视界内视景和水下地形的几何精确度与图像真实感要求,应用三维真实感地形生成理论,提出两种基于海图等高线和等深线数据的地形三角构网方法,在不加入新插值点的情况下对平面散乱点进行三角剖分,实现了基于ECDIS和AIS的船舶航行三维显示系统的地形建模.     

Simulation of the equatorial quasi-biennial oscillation based on the parameterization of continuously spectral gravity waves

On the basis of previous parameterization schemes, considering both the wave breaking and absorbed at critical level, a parameterization with a continuous spectrum of gravity waves is realized by introducing a momentum flux density function for the wave spectrum, and then the parameterization scheme of the gravity waves is improved. Choosing parameter values of the background atmosphere and waves based on the observations, a more realistic equatorial quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) driven by the incorporated drag from the planetary and gravity waves can be simulated. The numerical results indicate that the forcing magnitude of the planetary and gravity waves varies with the wind field, and in some phases of the QBO, the contribution of the gravity waves is comparable with that of the planetary waves. After the QBO is steadily formed, its amplitude and period and wind configuration are relevant to the effect of vertical diffusion and the momentum flux distribution with spectrum, however, independent of the initial background wind field. Moreover, for any given nonzero initial background wind, a steady QBO can be finally generated due to the incorporated drag from the planetary and gravity waves. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40731055 and 40774085), the Innovative Research Team Project, Ministry of Education, the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IAP07315), the China Meteorological Administration (Grant No. GYHY200706013) and the Open Programs of Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education     

热带气旋高风速下南海海流和海浪的数值仿真

采用海流和海浪数值模式,对热带气旋高风速作用下南海的海流和海浪进行了数值仿真.在海流仿真中采用了含波陡参数的风应力拖曳系数参数化方案和波浪辐射应力梯度作用,在海浪仿真过程中考虑了海流的作用.观测资料对数值仿真的结果验证表明,该数值模式对热带气旋高风速下的南海海流和海浪的数值仿真是可行的;海流的数值仿真与海面风拖曳系数参数化方案有关;考虑海流作用后,海浪的数值仿真更合理.     

瑞利波作用下桩土相互作用横向动力响应计算研究

将采用Novak薄层法计算地基土动力阻抗的方法引入到瑞利波作用下桩土横向动力响应分析中,得到了单桩横向动力响应的计算公式.在此计算公式的基础上分析了长径比、桩土刚度比、地基土的泊松比对单桩横向响应的影响.结果显示,泊松比的变化对单桩水平动力响应有影响,桩土刚度比对单桩水平动力响应有较大影响,而桩长对桩底自由的单桩动力响应基本无影响.而且单桩水平动力响应随着频率的增大而减小.     

基于数据挖掘的遥感影像围填海智能检测方法研究

以Landsat TM遥感影像为数据源,用本文提出的方法对渤海区域进行了检测。首先根据初始时刻影像（例如2001年影像）检测出海水区域,即感兴趣区域,然后以终止时刻影像（例如2007年影像）的同一感兴趣区域为研究对象,检测其中的陆地区域,即围填海区域。为了能够检测出围填海区域,采用数据挖掘中的关联规则算法,挖掘了围填海检测规则。为了验证本文提出的围填海区域检测方法的有效性,以整个渤海为研究区域,采用挖掘出的检测规则对待检测影像进行围填海区域检测,检测结果表明本文提出的检测方法能较高精度的检测出围填海区域。     

海面目标自适应实时检测

针对海面运动载体所获得的可见光序列图像及图像自身特点,提出了一种既适应于海天背景下的小目标而又适应于海岸背景下的大目标的目标快速自动检测方法.首先,量化子图像的区域复杂度以及单元区域上、下邻域的灰度差异,以预测并定位海界限区域,摒弃不含海界限区域的图像;采用周围纹理抑制方法改进的Canny算子提取海界限区域的主要轮廓,并进行Hough变换而提取海天线或海岸线;依据海界线上的灰度环境判断背景,在划定线附近的局部区域,凭借该区域内海面灰度的平缓特性而对其进行聚类提取目标;分析剩余海面灰度的统计特征,求取属于海面区域的灰度范围,快速区分海面区域和非海面区域;最后,进行后续处理,以剔除伪目标并标记真实目标.结果表明,该方法处理单帧图像的平均耗时在100 ms以内,具有较好的准确性和实时性.     

基于Linux的海底观测网节点控制软件设计

节点系统是海底观测获取实时数据信息的通讯中继与控制终端。本文介绍了一种基于Linux的海底观测网节点电路软件设计方法,阐述了节点电路硬件环境、软件功能及节点客户端程序设计等内容。试验证明,该节点控制软件运行可靠,且易于岸站远程监控与维护。     

求解电磁波在层状有耗介质中反射和透射的精细积分方法

层状体系分界面处,电场与磁场的水平分量连续,为了便于匹配分界面处的边界条件,将频域麦克斯韦方程化为只含有电场与磁场水平分量的一阶常微分方程形式.采用基于两端边值问题的精细积分方法,分析了电磁波在层状有耗介质中的反射与透射问题.把控制方程按边值问题求解,可以避免在运算过程中出现指数矩阵相乘的大数溢出问题.将数值计算结果与广义传播矩阵方法加以对比,结果显示,精细积分方法具有更好的精度和数值稳定性.     

Low-frequency sea level variation and its correlation with climate events in the Pacific

Global mean sea level(GMSL) has not only significant secular trend and seasonal variations,but also inter-annual and decadal variations.This paper reconstructs the time series of GMSL variations between 1948 and 2007 by combining satellite altimeter measurements and tide gauge observations.Based on the time series,the acceleration of GMSL rise in the second half of 20th century is estimated to be 0.010±0.009 mm/a 2,and multi-scale low frequency sea level oscillations including decadal variations are detected,and the high-rate of GMSL rise during 1993-2003 is locate in the ascending phase of low frequency oscillation.Then,using the reconstructed GMSL time series after removing the secular trend from satellite altimetry and tide gauges measurements,it shows that low frequency signal of sea level variation has strong correlations with the index of El Ni o/Southern Oscillation(ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO).But in several time periods,they have large difference due to effects of both high frequency occurrence of El Ni o and La Ni a phenomenon and short term switch of PDO events.     

What geometrical factors determine the in situ solar wind speed?

At present it remains to address why the fast solar wind is fast and the slow wind is slow.Recently we have shown that the field line curvature may substantially influence the wind speed v,thereby offering an explanation for the Arge et al.finding that v depends on more than just the flow tube expansion factor.Here we show by extensive numerical examples that the correlation between v and field line curvature is valid for rather general base boundary conditions and for rather general heating functions.Furthermore,the effect of field line curvature is even more pronounced when the proton-alpha particle speed difference is examined.We suggest that any solar wind model has to take into account the field line shape for any quantitative analysis to be made.