德彪西的管弦乐曲《大海》赏析

德彪西是19世纪末20世纪初法国杰出的作曲家、钢琴家、指挥家和音乐评论家,他是印象派音乐的创始者和主要代表人物。本文主要从德彪西的生平、创作背景、创作技法、配器手法入手来剖析其作品《大海》的创作魅力和艺术特点,旨在通过对德彪西的人生经历及艺术创作加以分析和介绍,将他的创作思想置于大文化背景下的开放视角中,希望以历史的、社会的、文化的角度对作曲家的创作活动予以全方位、多视角的分析和研究,力求做到科学、细致地阐述与评价。     

青岛海域固氮细菌的系统发育多样性研究

采用严格人工无氮海水培养基富集、分离培养方法及用3对固氮基因(nifH)引物进行PCR检测,从青岛近海沉积物和海水中分离到16株异养型可培养海洋固氮细菌,经16S rDNA全序列测定分析了它们的系统发育多样性。结果显示,16株菌分布于Alphaproteobacteria、Gammaproteobacteria、Flavobacteria的3个纲中,分别代表着6个属、10个种,其中有50%归于Pseudoalteromonas属;海底沉积物中固氮菌的多样性要远高于海水,并在其中发现2个潜在新种。研究表明,青岛近海海域的固氮菌具有一定程度的多样性,它们大部分在系统发育关系上与分离自韩国、南极洲、新喀里多尼岛等海水的标准菌高度同源,但也存在少量潜在新物种。结果可为其他不同海域异养固氮菌的多样性及其生态功能研究提供有益参考。     

江苏沿海小城镇发展生态化的思考

分析了江苏沿海地区小城镇发展的现状,指出了发展中存在的问题.在此基础上,进一步提出了江苏沿海小城镇发展生态化的对策.     

海堤设计风浪和设计潮位组合风险率分析

风浪和潮位是海堤设计的关键因素,为保障海堤工程的安全性并使工程设计更为经济合理,基于Clayton Copula连接函数建立了潮位和风浪联合分布函数,以此构建了风浪和潮位组合设计风险分析模型,提出了考虑风险率模式下的风浪和潮位组合设计方法.以深圳市赤湾海域为例,分析了1971～2002年实测水文资料,获得了风浪和潮位组合风险率.结果显示：深圳赤湾海域大潮与大风同时遭遇的概率小,采用同频率设计偏于安全;而所建模型充分考虑到了风浪和潮位这种遭遇的特性,对风浪和潮位遭遇工况的合理设计具有指导意义,也为沿海城市海堤设计参数的确定提供了一种技术手段.     

卫星遥感东亚地区云辐射与气候

本文利用ＴＩＲＯＳ－Ｎ卫星ＴＯＶＳ系统，计算了１９８９年７，８，９月东亚地区的射出长波辐射（ＯＬＲ），云量和地表温度。由此讨论了ＯＬＲ的分布以及它与天气系统的联系。分析了地表温度，云量和ＯＬＲ的关系及晴空条件下海面温度与ＯＬＲ的相关性。本文综合分析了云对气系统辐射收支的影响及高，低云系统的不同的辐射效应。通过分析发现低云系统反射率应占主导地位，而高云系统是以温室效应为主。     

百余年上海冬夏季降水与太平洋海温的相关关系及其年代际差异

利用上海1873—2001年的冬季和夏季降水量与太平洋海温资料，通过计算上海冬季和夏季降水量与太平洋海温的同期和超前相关以及滑动相关系数，讨论上海冬季和夏季降水年代际变化趋势及其与太平洋海温场的相关关系在不同年代和不同空间区域上的显差异．分析发现，上海冬季和夏季的降水均存在明显的年代际阶段性变化，但总体雨量增加的趋势不明显，降水量和太平洋海温的相关关系在不同年代和不同空间区域上存在着显的差异，这种年代际相关关系的差异可能是造成用统计方法做短期气候预测时产生不确定性的主要原因之一．因此作为短期气候预测的常用预报因子之一的太平洋海温场在进行统计预报的应用过程中，适当地考虑在不同时间尺度上的相关差异，将有利于提高预测的准确性和减少统计预测方法中的不确定性．     

南海深海盆的沉积充填

依据大洋钻探井及地震剖面资料,定量确定南海同扩张期和后扩张期深海盆沉积充填差异及沉积物来源变化。研究显示,南海深海盆自渐新世(32 Ma)开始形成,随着南海二次扩张海盆范围逐渐扩大,海盆内主要充填火山碎屑角砾岩及火山灰,碳酸盐岩、超微化石软泥,泥质粘土、粉砂质粘土、泥岩及粉细砂岩。深海盆充填主要沉积物为晚中新世(11.6Ma)以来的陆源碎屑沉积,丰富陆源碎屑的供给与南海闭合过程中同期区域构造事件(如青藏高原快速隆升、菲律宾板块俯冲)密切相关,也与晚中新世以来东亚季风增强以及源区强烈的风化剥蚀有关。     

Sea surface temperature records of core ZY2 from the central mud area in the South Yellow Sea during last 6200 years and related effect of the Yellow Sea Warm Current

Sea surface temperature (SST) records in the South Yellow Sea during the last 6200 years are reconstructed by the unsaturation index of long-chain alkenones (K 37 U ’) in sediment core ZY2 from the central mud area.The SST records varied between 14.1 and 16.5°C (15.6°C on average),with 3 phases:(1) A high SST phase at 6.2-5.9 cal ka BP;(2) A low and intensely fluctuating SST phase at 5.9-2.3 cal ka BP;and (3) A high and stable SST phase since 2.3 cal ka BP.Variation of the SST records is similar to intensity of the Kuroshio Current (KC),and corresponds well in time to global cold climate events.However,the amplitude of the SST response to cooling events was significantly different in different phases.The SST response to global cooling event was weak while the KC was strong;and the SST response was strong while the KC was weak.The difference in amplitude of the SST response is possibly caused by the modulation effect of the Yellow Sea Warm Current which acts as a shelf branch of the KC and a compensating current induced by the East Asia winter monsoon.The warm waters brought by the Yellow Sea Warm Current cushion the SST decrease induced by climate cooling,and both the Kuroshio and East Asian winter monsoon play important roles in the modulation mechanism.The SST records display a periodicity of 1482 years.The same period was found in the KC records,indicating that variation of the SST records in the central South Yellow Sea is strongly affected by KC intensity.The same period was also found in Greenland ice cores and North Atlantic and Arabian Sea sediment cores,showing a regional response of marine environmental variability in the East China Seas to that in the global oceans.     

工业废渣对海泥烧结砖泛霜程度影响的试验

研究两种不同特性工业废渣铁尾矿、粉煤灰对海泥烧结多孔砖样品泛霜程度的影响及机理.结果表明:铁尾矿减轻海泥烧结砖泛霜程度的有利因素多,粉煤灰提高海泥烧结砖泛霜程度的不利因素多.此外,掺加外加剂可以在某种程度上降低海泥烧结砖的泛霜等级;当掺量达到某一范围时,能够较大幅度减少砖坯成型用水量,烧成中产生液相的非瘠性工业废渣-铁...     

Sea surface temperature east of Australia： A predictor of tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific？

The relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) east of Australia and tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific (WNPTCF) is analyzed by use of observation data.The WNPTCF from June to October is correlated negatively to spring SST east of Australia.When the spring SST is in the positive phase,a cyclonic circulation anomaly in the upper troposphere and an anticyclonic circulation anomaly in the lower troposphere prevail over the western North Pacific from June to October,concurrent with an anomalous atmospheric subsidence and an enlarged vertical zonal wind shear.These conditions are unfavorable for tropical cyclone genesis,and thus WNPTCF decreases.The negative phase of the spring SST east of Australia leads to more tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific.The spring SST east of Australia may give rise to simultaneous change in tropical atmospheric circulation via the teleconnection wave train,and then subsequently affect atmospheric circulation variation over the western North Pacific.