一种基于背景记录和变化检测的视频对象分割算法

MPEG—4引入视频对象的概念，以支持基于内容的操作．视频对象分割是MPEG—4成功与否的关键因素之一．该文提出了一种基于背景记录和变化检测的视频分割算法．通过背景记录，它可克服常规的变化检测算法存在的对阴影和亮度变化敏感的缺点．实验结果表明，它可应用到各种视频序列，并能快速得到准确的分割结果．     

块状纳米材料的设计理论研究

在二元共晶Spinodal系统中 ,Spinodal波长的大小随过冷度的增加而减少 ,并存在一个最小的波长 ,此时合金的生长速度最快 .提出当过冷度足够大时 ,液态Spinodal的波长进入到纳米尺度 ,形成块状纳米材料 .由于液态的扩散较易发生 ,当波长为纳米量级时 ,Spinodal的转变时间为微秒量级 .由于液体表面张力等的影响 ,液态Spinodal的组织由网状变成微粒形态 .     

油田采油阻垢剂筛选研究

为了筛选出适合某油田使用的阻垢剂,通过分析油田水质及垢样的 XRD,发现垢样成分主要为碳酸钙和硫酸钙. 在测定了 11 种阻垢剂钙容忍度的基础上,采用静态实验法和模拟油田水体法,测定了各种阻垢剂的阻垢率,对比后,筛选出了适合油田水质特点和垢体类型的 POCA 阻垢剂,在 80 ℃油田水质环境下,其添加质量浓度为 20 mg/L 时,阻垢率为 81.27%,钙容忍度高于 20 000.     

利用二次分解——集结法研究离散大系统的稳定性

本文分别用标量李雅普诺夫函数和向量李雅普诺夫函数利用二次分解——集结法,给出了由差分方程所描述的离散大系统的全局一致渐近稳定的三个充分条件,还用标量李雅普诺夫函数给出了大系统全局指数稳定的一个充分条件。     

基于优化氧化铁皮和焦粉配比的铁矿烧结过程NOx减排研究

Reducing NO_x emission of iron ore sintering process in a cost effective manner is a challenge for the iron and steel industry at present. Effects of the proportion of mill scale and coke breeze on the NO_x emission, strength of sinter, and sinter indexes were studied by combustion and sinter pot tests. Results showed that the peak value of NO concentration, total of NO emission, and fuel-N conversion rate gradually decreased as the proportions of the mill scale increased because NO was reduced to N₂ by Fe₃O₄, FeO, and Fe in the mill scale. The strength of sinter reached the highest value at 8.0wt% mill scale due to the formation of minerals with low melting point. The fuel-N conversion rate slightly fluctuated and total NO_x emission significantly decreased with the decreased proportions of coke breeze because CO formation and content of N element in the sintered mixture decreased. However, the sinter strength also decreased due to the decrease in the amount of the melting minerals. Furthermore, results of the sinter pot tests indicated that NO_x emission decreased. The sinter indexes performed well when the proportions of mill scale and coke breeze were 8.0wt% and 3.70wt% respectively in the sintered mixture.     

粗粒土大型单剪颗粒破碎试验研究

使用新研制的大型单剪仪,对粗粒土的颗粒破碎及粗粒土一结构接触面进行了系统的试验研究,分析了试验中影响颗粒破碎的主要因素及颗粒破碎对粗粒土一结构接触面应力应变特性的影响.试验结果表明,颗粒破碎率随着法向应力的增大而增大,颗粒破碎受剪应力大小的影响程度随着法向应力的增大而减小.     

粗粒料缩尺效应研究现状与趋势

总结了粗粒料室内试验不同缩尺方法的优缺点、目前粗粒料强度和变形试验常用仪器的优缺点以及这些仪器用于研究粗粒料强度和变形的代表性成果;概括了缩尺效应对粗粒料强度和变形特性影响方面的研究成果;分析了缩尺效应的评价依据;讨论了缩尺效应研究中应考虑和注意的一些问题,如试样密度的控制、缩尺效应的定量化表述等,并指出缩尺效应研究应注意替代级配料和原级配料的密度控制方法.     

Phylogenetic analysis of extreme morphologies: deep-sea holasteroid echinoids

Because of their ‘bizarre’ features, some echinoids can be considered laboratories in which to analyse the origin of extreme morphologies. The holasteroid family Urechinidae Duncan, 1889 is such a group. It is composed of 18 previously named living species in three genera: Urechinus A. Agassiz, 1879, Plexechinus A. Agassiz, 1898, and Pilematechinus A. Agassiz, 1904. With Stereopneustes, the most closely related living taxon, and the calymnid-plus-pourtalesiid clade as outgroups, a phylogenetic analysis on 35 binary characters is produced. We focus on two major aspects of morphology: test features (apical system, basicoronals, interambulacrum 5, test shape, ambulacra) and external appendages (pedicellariae, spines, sphaeridia). New data on plate architecture, morphology, and appendages are illustrated, and the position of the fossil, Chelonechinus, is discussed. We show that the Urechinidae is paraphyletic: the genus Plexechinus shares more recent common ancestry with the calymnids and pourtalesiids than with other urechinids. In order to retain the well-circumscribed clade, Pilematechinus A. Agassiz, 1904, the phylogenetic classification also recognizes two additional genera: Cystechinus A. Agassiz, 1879, and Antrechinus new genus. A key to the species is provided. The production of extreme morphologies, such as internal parental care, is explored by mapping test size, the occurrence of fascioles, and periproct position onto the phylogeny. By adding plates early in ontogeny, Pilematechinus develops radically different plate architectures from another genus of large forms, Cystechinus. In contrast, the latter gets large by exaggerating allometric trends seen in other holasteroids. Paedomorphosis and miniaturization have evolved independently in Antrechinus and some Plexechinus, but always by truncation of allometric trajectories.     

碛口古镇聚落与民居形态初探

从历史发展状况、选址、群体布局、建筑风格和装饰艺术等方面介绍了碛口古镇建筑的特点,并分析了碛口古镇作为商业中转集镇的独特之处。碛口古镇兴起于明末清初,鼎盛于清康乾时期,是当时著名的商贸中心、水陆运输中转中心。在选址与布局方面,碛口古镇具备3方面的特征:1.镇子的走向,使其形成了商业流通的序列;2.镇子的位置,使其获得了充足的日照和良好的景观;3.村落的布置、院落组织与山形互相呼应,形成较好的街道排水条件。碛口古镇民居形态特征鲜明,为砖窑与木构相结合。砖木结构的窑洞建筑的表现形式主要是在砖窑外侧加上木构架檐廊,或者在砖窑的顶部加建木构架的房屋。建筑形式多以砖拱顶(窑洞)明柱厦檐四合院为主。