增塑剂和乳化剂对乙基纤维素水分散体制备的影响

用相转变法制备乙基纤维素水分散体,研究结果表明,随着乳化剂用量的增加,水分散体的粒径和粘度均呈先下降后减小的趋势。固化速率随着增塑剂含量的增加而下降。     

吸水吸油双功能高聚物的研制

合成了羧甲基纤维素 (CMC)与丙烯酸丁酯 (BA)的共聚物 ,详细考察了原料配比、引发剂、交联剂用量对共聚物吸水吸油性能的影响 ,并证实只有采用硝酸铈铵 /偶氮二异丁腈复合引发剂才能获得双吸共聚产物 ,经红外光谱测试其产物含有羟基和酯基功能基团 ,吸水倍率为 5 g/g ,吸油倍率为 4g/g .     

聚氯乙烯与醋酸纤维素共混体系相容性研究

用粘度法测定了四氢呋喃/聚氯乙烯(THF/PVC)、THF/醋酸纤维素(CA)和THF/PVC/CA的特性粘数和高分子-高分子相互作用参数。以Δb′m判别法、Δ[η]m判别法和特性粘数—组成关系来判断PVC/CA的相容性,并以共混溶液折光指数随组成的变化来确定PVC/CA的相容性。实验结果均表明PVC/CA是一对相容性高聚物。     

磷酸三苯酯对三醋酸纤维素水解产物取代度的影响

研究了增塑剂磷酸三苯酯(TPP)含量、含水量、催化剂的比例以及水解时间对三醋酸纤维素(CTA)水解产物取代度(DS)的影响。结果表明:加入TPP将降低CTA水解的效率,延长水解时间至6 h、提高H2O/CTA比例以及增大催化剂的浓度可以降低TPP带来的低效影响;当催化剂的质量分数达到0.15时,将给水解带来一定的副反应。     

Study on the Structure and Properties of Polynosic Fiber Treated by Alkali

The regenerated cellulose fibers, made from wood pulp, have excellent physical properties like cotton fiber. Especially polynosic fibers can be mercerized by alkali, but conventional Viscose fiber can not be treated or mercerized by alkali. The paper studies on behavior of polynosic fibers treated by alkali, including physical properties, such as weight loss, tensile strength and elongation, and fiber structures properties. In this paper, on the basis of study on polynosic fibers treated by alkali, the conclusions were drawn as following. Firstly, polynosic fiber is good at alkali resistance. Secondly, the changes of fiber structure and physical properties begin declining at 5 wt% NaOH concentration and reverse changes take place at 10 wt%.     

Measurement of the Average Molecular Weight of Cotton Cellulose Crosslinked by a Polycarboxylic Acid at Different pH Using Multiple Angle Light Scattering Photometer in a DMAc/LiCl Solvent System

Durable press finishing of cotton fabrics with polycarboxylic acid increases fabric wrinkle-resistance at the expense of its mechanical strength. Severe tensile strength loss is the major disadvantage for wrinkle resistant cotton fabrics. Tensile strength loss of cotton fabric crosslinked by a polycarboxylic acid can be attributed to depolymerization and crosslink of cellulose molecules. Measurement of the molecular weight of cotton fabric before and after crosslinked by polycarboxylic acids can offer a possibility of direct understanding of the depolymerization. In this research, a multiple angle laser light scattering photometer was used to determine the absolute molecular weight of cotton fabric treated with BTCA at different pH and then hydrolyzed with 0.5 M NaOH solution at 50℃ for 144 h. The results indicate that average molecular weights of cotton fabric treated with polycarboxylic acids at different pH are almost the same.     

活化碳纳米纤维的制备

以电纺纤维素纳米纤维为原料,利用浸泡ZnCl2水溶液的化学活化法制备直径约为500nm的活化碳纳米纤维.ZnCl2将纤维素纳米纤维的脱水分解温度从339℃降低至287℃,将得炭率从15.7%提高至39.5%.活化碳纳米纤维表面形貌规整,无熔融现象;其纤维直径比未经活化盐处理的碳纳米纤维更小.     

绿色木霉Tr-A1固体发酵生产纤维素酶

以麸皮和玉米秸粉为主要原料,采用固体发酵技术优化绿色木霉(Tr-A1)菌株固体发酵产纤维素酶的条件。结果表明:当麸皮和玉米秸粉的质量比为4∶6,接种量的质量分数为10%,含水量的质量分数为55%,初始pH值为5.0,28℃~30℃固体培养72 h时,羧甲基纤维素(CMC)酶活可达到72.5 U/g。     

Biomimetic mineralization synthesis of hydroxyapatite bacterial cellulose nanocomposites

Hydroxyapatite (HAp)/bacterial cellulose (BC) nanocomposites were prepared by an optimal biomimet ic mineralization synthesis approach for bone tissue engineering application. BC wi th ultrafine three dimensional network was negatively charged by the adsorption of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to initiate the nucl eation of HAp. The HAp was grown in vitro along the nanofiber network of BC via dynamic simulated body fluid (SBF) treatment. It was found that rod-like HAp particles in the nano-scale (100 ? 200 nm) homogeneously deposited on the surface of PVP-BC. AT R-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) results showed that carbonate-containing HAp crystals resembling natural bones were fo rmed by biomimetic mineralization method. Moreover, the amount of HAp observed increased with increasing mineralization time. And the Ca/P overall ratio ranged from 1.37 to 1.59. The results from Inductively Coupl ed Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) indicated that PVP treatment enhanced the apatite nucleation ability of BC with higher HAp deposit amount.     

眉斑并脊天牛纤维素酶性质的研究

为了了解眉斑并脊天牛(Glenea cantor)纤维素酶的性质,选取以木棉树(Bombax ceiba)为食的眉斑并脊天牛为研究对象,按照IUPAC的标准测定方法,测定和定位眉斑并脊天牛肠道中的内切-β-1,4葡聚糖酶、纤维二糖酶以及滤纸酶活力,考察内切-β-1,4葡聚糖酶的最适pH值和最适温度.结果表明:在眉斑并脊...