α-淀粉酶产生菌的平板筛选法的研究与改进

用平板水解圈法筛选到若干株 α 淀粉酶产生菌,它们的平板水解圈直径大小与摇瓶酶活不相关,进一步研究了３０ ℃平板淀粉的质量分数对水解圈直径的影响以及淀粉的质量分数、温度、琼脂等多种因素对离体 α 淀粉酶水解圈直径的影响,并在此基础上建立了一种快速筛选高产菌株的简便方法。     

金属橡胶在巧克力奶过滤上的应用研究

金属橡胶兼有金属和橡胶的双重性质,具有一系列优良特性.运用VHX-600超景深三维显微镜和HPCA-2便携式污染度检测仪等设备,选用不同结构参数的金属橡胶,对巧克力奶进行过滤研究.通过改变材料孔隙度、丝径和成型厚度3个因素,绘制出巧克力奶过滤前后污染度等级变化折线图.最后对折线图进行横向和纵向比较,总结出材料孔隙度的降低、丝径的减小以及厚度的增大均可提高材料的过滤性能.     

叶片型线对离心黏油泵性能的影响

针对目前离心油泵的叶片绘型未考虑黏度因素影响的情况,采用FLUENT6.1软件通过数值计算方法研究泵送温度下运动黏度为1、24、60mm2/s 3种黏度的介质在包角分别为90°、110°、130°3种叶片型线对离心泵性能的影响.结果表明:随着叶片包角增大,扬程-流量曲线变得陡峭,相同流量下,泵扬程降低,且此特性与介质黏度无关;设计工况下,130°包角泵输水时的效率最高,而110°包角泵在最优工况下输黏油时效率最高;采用不同黏度的介质时,离心泵内部压力和速度分布与采用清水介质得到的规律基本一致.     

改进型收卷系统的实时卷径检测方法

对已有的卷径检测方法进行改进,提出一种间接测量卷径的方法。通过对安装在引导辊与收卷辊侧的接近开关发出的脉冲进行计数,利用卷径模型将脉冲数转换为收卷辊的周长,在可编程逻辑控制器中进行运算,可间接获得实时卷径。阐述了改进后的方法硬件及软件的实现,完成了系统的设计,通过实验及实际使用验证了改进后的方法具有全数字化、简单可靠、实时性好且精度较高的优点。     

Study on the resistance spot welding technology of 22MnMoB hot stamping quenched steel

In this paper, the spot welding technology of a new kind of 22MnMoB hot stamping quenched steel sheet was systematically studied by power frequency spot welder. Through a series of technology and test experiments, we have obtained the optimal spot welding technological parameter condition. According to the results, the relations among spot welding technological parameter, welding nugget, mechanical property and fracture mode were discussed. The effects of all the welding parameters such as welding current, welding time and electrode force on the quality of joint can be boiled down to one thing--the diameter of welding nugget. The experimental results showed that welding nugget diameter determines the mechanical property of spot welding joint and the relation between welding nugget diameter and the mechanical property of joint presents a kind of linear mathematic representation. There are two typical fracture models of 22MnMoB hot stamping quenched steel sheet, i.e., interracial fracture and nugget pullout. Other than mild steel or normal high strength steel, in the shearing tensile test, hot stamping quenched steel has a great tendency to fail in interfacial mode due to the effects of high strength matrix structure, welding soft zone and the porosity level of fusion zone.     

Blasting technologies of vibration damping in subway tunnel passing under upper buildings closely

Reducing the blasting vibration is important for blasting excavation in subway tunnel construction. Taking the 3rd bid section of Line 3 of Qingdao subway project as an example, the distance between tunnel vault and ground is 5 - 8 m. In order to insure the safety of the upper buildings, technologies of parallel cut with large diameter empty hole, one-time initiation and delay by parts, and multiple shallow holes were adop- ted in the project. The results showed that the maximum value of vertical vibration was limited in the criterion allowance, and the upper buildings were not damaged. Besides, problems were solved that the number of nonel detonator was difficult to meet the requirements of excavating a large cross-section tunnel by blasting, multiple cross-section could＇ t be initiated simultaneously, and construction efficiency was low, which ensure the con- struction safety and schedule.     

软土中大直径顶管管道受力特性测试

采用现场实测方法,对深覆软土、长距离顶进、外径4.64m钢筋混凝土顶管的管壁接触压力和环向钢筋受力进行了测试,并与已有文献研究进行对比分析.结果表明:顶管在良好泥浆套中顶进时,管壁接触压力整体分布较均匀,注浆时呈突然增大变化,停顶后逐渐恢复正常水平;管道环向钢筋以受压为主、应力不大,其变化由管道轴向偏移和注浆控制,测试阶段管道受力状态以偏心受压为主;管壁接触压力实测值与按规程计算的设计值相比,管顶处相近、管侧处实测值略大、管底处实测值较小,规程的土压力分布模式用于管道设计计算偏于保守.     

固定直径的树的Harary指数

图G的Harary指数定义为图中所有点对的反距离之和.给出了固定直径的树的Harary指数的第二大值,并刻画了对应的极图.     

湿蒸汽条件下空心静叶缝隙抽吸性能的试验研究

为获得湿蒸汽流动条件下空心静叶缝隙除湿结构的设计依据,利用湿蒸汽试验平台、在与实际空心静叶工作湿度一致的条件下,对8组不同缝隙位置、形状和宽度的空心静叶进行了缝隙抽吸水膜性能的试验研究。结果表明:缝隙抽吸水膜的特性受到气流马赫数和抽吸差压的综合作用,当抽吸差压增大到一定程度时,缝隙尖角处发生水膜汽化是导致抽吸性能下降的重要因素;吸力面缝隙位置从0.24倍叶宽变化到0.42倍叶宽时,缝隙抽吸的水量持续增加;与平直缝隙相比,带台阶过渡的缝隙抽吸性能未提高,反而在马赫数大于0.7时出现显著下降,原因是引起水膜汽化的尖角数目增加;带圆角过渡的缝隙能有效消除水膜汽化,提高缝隙抽吸水膜的性能;0.35mm宽度的缝隙易于使水膜跨过缝隙,2mm宽度的缝隙不能形成有效的抽吸差压,且均导致缝隙抽吸性能降低;0.7mm和1mm宽度的缝隙均具有良好的抽吸性能,1mm宽度的缝隙受水膜汽化的影响更小。     

计入结构柔性和边界条件的内齿圈面内振动分析

采用弹性力学方法推导内齿圈的运动微分方程,用摄动法求解无约束条件下内齿圈的固有频率和振型函数,并通过消除永年项获得了含约束条件下的内齿圈面内振动频率的解析表达式.以某汽车变速箱中的内齿圈为例,运用所获的解析式计算了该齿圈的面内振动频率,其结果与前人研究中的有限元仿真及模态实测数据吻合较好.表明所提理论模型具有较高的计算精度,能准确揭示内齿圈的振动特性.最后,依托所建理论模型,分析内齿圈结构柔性和内、外约束条件对其面内振动特性的影响.计算结果表明,内齿圈面内振动频率随外约束刚度的增大而增大,且当内齿圈所有外约束的刚度之和不变时,降低单个外约束的刚度也即增大外约束的数目可小幅度地降低齿圈的面内振动频率;相比于外约束,内约束数目和刚度对内齿圈面内振动频率影响较小,随着内约束数目和刚度的增加,同一节径数下的内齿圈面内振动频率呈缓慢增大趋势.啮合相位变化时,面内振动模式的固有频率变化较大.