聚季铵型阳离子聚合物在蒙脱土上的吸附最大值现象

用静态吸附的实验方法对三种聚季铵型阳离子聚合物(COP)在蒙脱土上的吸附现象进行了研究,实验结果表明,COP在蒙脱土上的吸附等温线不符合Langmuir规律,而存在吸附最大值现象,用红外光谱法和岩芯流动试验方法也得到相同的结果。     

贵州陶器的发明及发展

本文收集了较多的史料,论述了贵州在远古时期用火的痕迹及陶器产生的时间。并根据贵州省陶土的资源情况,对贵州陶瓷工业的发展方向提出了自己的看法。     

湖南永和海泡石粘土的矿物学研究

作者应用x射线衍射、红外光谱、差热分析、电子自旋共振及透射电镜研究了湖南浏阳永和海泡石粘土的矿物学特征,确定了由于类质同像替换在海泡石和滑石结构中存在着晶格缺陷,为进一步探讨它的工业利用提供了必要的资料。     

软土地基震陷分析

根据饱和软粘土动三轴试验结果,将循环弱化参数引入等价线性模型。得到描述软土动力特性的循环弱化关系,进而给出一种修正的软化模量法。据此分析软基震陷,阐明软土循环弱化及其它因素对估算软基震陷的影响。     

堆山工程软土地基Biot固结的非线性有限元分析

本文在文献[1]、[2]给出的软土地基Biot固结的有限元构式及程序基础上,对某大型堆山工程分级加荷施工过程中,软土地基的固结变形,附加应力及超孔隙水压力分布,塑性区的开展等进行了弹性非线性有限元的计算分析,得出了在理论和工程应用上一些有意义的结论。本文的计算方法和结果,可供工程技术人员在类似工程的初步设计时借鉴和参考。有些内容尚可进一步研究和探讨。     

石油减压二线馏分及其加氢产物中饱和烃和轻芳烃的色谱-质谱分析

胜利减二线馏分油及其加氢反应产物,经SiO_2/Al_2O_3双吸附剂柱色谱预分离为四个馏分:饱和烃、轻芳烃、中芳烃、重芳烃及胶质。采用色谱-质谱联用法分析其中饱和烃和轻芳烃的组成。借助于计算机谱库检索及质量色谱法,复杂化合物迅速得到鉴定:饱和烃由C_(15)～C_(33)的烷烃组成,加氢反应后烷烃分布中最高峰向低碳数转移三个碳;轻芳烃馏分由C_1～C_(27)的烷基苯、烷基萘、烷基联苯、烷基茚、烷基芴等系列化合物组成,加氢反应后芳烃大多变为饱和,同时侧链烷基缩短为C_1～C_8;部分稠环芳烃加氢后进入轻芳烃馏分。     

Clay minerals in surface sediments of the Pearl River drainage basin and their contribution to the South China Sea

Clay minerals have played a significant role in the study of the East Asian monsoon evolution in the South China Sea by being able to track oceanic current variations and to reveal contemporaneous paleoclimaUc changes prevailing in continental source areas. As one of the most important rivers inputting terrigenous matters to the northern South China Sea, the Pearl River was not previously paid attention to from the viewpoint of clay mineralogy. This paper presents a detailed study on clay minerals in surface sediments collected from the Pearl River drainage basin （including all three main channels, various branches, and the Lingdingyang in the estuary） by using the X-ray diffraction （XRD） method. The results indicate that the clay mineral assemblage consists dominantly of kaolinite （35%-65%）, lesser abundance of chlorite （20%-35%） and illite （12%-42%）, and very scare smectite occurrences （generally 〈5%）. Their respective distribution does not present any obvious difference throughout the Pearl River drainage basin. However, downstream the Pearl River to the northern South China Sea, the clay mineral assemblage varies significantly： kaolinite decreases gradually, smecUte and illite increase gradually. Additionally, illite chemistry index steps down and illite crystallinity steps up. These variations indicate the contribution of major kaolinite, lesser illite and chlorite, and very scarce smecUte to the northern South China Sea from the Pearl River drainage basin. The maximum contribution of clay minerals from the Pearl River is 72% to the northern margin and only 15% to the northern slope of the South China Sea. In both glacials and interglacials, kaolinite indicates that the ability of mechanical erosion occurred in the Pearl River drainage basin.     

粘土分散性的判别试验

针对分散性粘土遇水分散流失的不良性质，应用碎块、针孔、双比重计、孔隙水可溶盐和交换性钠质量分数5种试验方法，研究了西安市黑河水利枢纽工程粘土心墙土料的分散性。研究认为，土料大部分属于非分散性粘土，少部分属于分散性粘土，分散性粘土的蒙脱石与伊利石的质量比值较高；在采用黑河水冲蚀针孔时，分散性粘土有表现为非分散性的趋势；大坝建成后的坝体原状土样属于非分散性粘土。结果表明：蒙脱石与伊利石的质量比值是判别粘土分散性的重要指标，水质对土的分散性具有显著影响；分散性粘土与非分散性粘土合理混合使用可降低粘土的分散性，满足工程要求。     

山西铝土矿资源开发利用的建议

介绍了山西铝土矿资源特征,分析了山西铝土矿资源开发利用的现状,并针对存在的问题,提出了相关的建议.     

"泥泥狗"作为文化符号和审美元素的解读

从"泥泥狗"造型、色彩和纹饰特点等方面分析了被称为华夏文明的"活化石"、"真图腾"的"泥泥狗",认为其不仅具有独特的文化美,而且还是远古人类繁衍崇拜的物化和象征.