人参DNA限制片段在酵母菌中的转化

用YRp7质粒作载体,AH_(22)作受体株,将YRp7质粒和人参DNA限制片段构成的重组体转入AH_(22)中,并由大量培养的AH_(22)细胞中回收到YR_(p7)质粒和人参DNA限制片段,表明人参DNA限制片段可转入酵母菌中。     

Gene conversion in the chicken immunoglobulin locus: A paradigm of homologous recombination in higher eukaryotes

Gene conversion was first defined in yeast as a type of homologous recombination in which the donor sequence does not change. In chicken B cells, gene conversion builds the antigen receptor repertoire by introducing sequence diversity into the immunoglobulin genes. Immunoglobulin gene conversion continues at high frequency in an avian leukosis virus induced chicken B cell line. This cell line can be modified by homologous integration of transfected DNA constructs offering a model system for studying gene conversion in higher eukaryotes. In search for genes which might participate in chicken immunoglobulin gene conversion, we have identified chicken counterparts of the yeastRAD51, RAD52, andRAD54 genes. Disruption and overexpression of these genes in the chicken B cell line may clarify their role in gene conversion and gene targeting.     

利用酒精废液生产饲料酵母技术研究

本文从普通菌种进行筛选及耐酸性驯养,筛选出适合酒精废液发酵的Y—10蓖株,进行了最佳发酵条件的摇瓶试验,探索了Y—10菌株利用酒精废液发酵最佳条件的中间试验。试验结果表明,Y—10菌株品质优良,耐酸性强,发酵条件粗放,有良好的工艺性能。在温度29～30℃,通风量1:0.8,接种0.2％酵母泥,添加少量营养物,培养10h,饲料酵母最高产率达13.6g/L,产品含粗蛋白56.65％,酒精废液的pH由4.2上升至7.0左右,SS去除率达90％以上,BOD去除率达68.6％,COD去除率达52.5％,有着显著的经济、环保和社会效益。     

Baker酵母用于光学活性昆虫性信息素的合成方法述评

通过综述近１０年来Ｂａｋｅｒ酵母用于不对称合成的研究十分活跃的状况，介绍了它在制备高光学活性手性化合物的发展近况，着重评述了Ｂａｋｅｒ酵母作用特点及其在合成光学学活性昆虫性信息素中的应用。     

四川麸醋曲药中酵母菌的分离鉴定及发酵特性

通过平皿生化反应从四川麸醋曲药中分离出产酯能力较强的酵母菌,利用18S rDNA同源序列分析对其进行鉴定,研究其最适生长pH值、酒精耐受性、碳源和氮源同化能力,并利用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用技术对其代谢产物进行研究。结果表明:产酯透明圈实验分离出的产酯能力较强的酵母菌为异常威克汉姆酵母菌亚种(Wicherhamomyces sp. Lzcq 2014)。该株酵母菌的最适合生长pH值为5.0~5.5,在酒精度为10%的情况下几乎不生长;对不同碳源同化能力强弱顺序依次是葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、乳糖、淀粉;对不同氮源同化能力强弱顺序依次是酵母膏、蛋白胨、硫酸铵、尿素。该酵母菌代谢产物主要成分为乙酸乙酯,其质量浓度为0.64079mg/L,且乙酸乙酯浓度远高于其他代谢产物。其他代谢产物分别为甲酸异戊酯、丙酸苯乙酯、苯乙醇,质量浓度分别为0.04136、0.03943、0.02300mg/L。     

酵母酸性磷酸酯酶基因PHO81克隆的初步研究

酵母PHO81基因是调控阻遏酸性磷酸酯酶的的一种中介因子,其编码区由3531个核苷酸组成。由于片段较大,目前很难应用PCR技术一次予以扩增。本文用自行设计的4个引物以啤酒酵母总染色体DNA为模板借助PCR技术扩增PHO81基因的两个片段,其长度分别为1.3kb和2.2kb,通过限制性酶切将其装入载体质粒pUC18中。并初步进行了重组质粒限制性内切酶酶谱分析和Southern杂交试验。     

硒酵母中三种含硒馏分的生物活性研究

本文采用超声粉碎硒酵母,将其超速离心所得上清液通过Sephadex—G25分子筛色谱柱,分离得到三个含硒馏分(P_1;P_2;P_3)。用T_3菌生物发光和电子自旋共振(ESR)技术研究了它们对As(Ⅲ)毒性的拮抗作用和对脂质过氧自由基的清除作用。实验结果表明其生物活性大小为P_3>P_1>P_2>Na_2SeO_3,并对三个含硒馏分的结构进行了讨论。     

Genetic and molecular approaches to synthesis and action of the yeast killer toxin

Summary The K1 killer toxin ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae is a secreted, virally-coded protein lethal to sensitive yeasts. Killer yeasts are immune to the toxin they produce. This killer system has been extensively examined from genetic and molecular perspectives. Here we review the biology of killer yeasts, and examine the synthesis and action of the protein toxin and the immunity component. We summarise the structure of the toxin precursor gene and its protein products, outline the proteolytic processing of the toxin subunits from the precursor, and their passage through the yeast secretory pathway. We then discuss the mode of action of the toxin, its lectin-like interaction with a cell wall glucan, and its probable role in forming channels in the yeast plasma membrane. In addition we describe models of how a toxin precursor species functions as the immunity component, probably by interfering with channel formation. We conclude with a review of the functional domains of the toxin structural gene as determined by site-directed mutagenesis. This work has identified regions associated with glucan binding, toxin activity, and immunity.     

酿酒酵母蛋白激酶Sch9的PDK1位点调控C末端磷酸化状态

利用酿酒酵母蛋白激酶Sch9(哺乳动物p70S6k1的同源物)PDK1和PDK2位点点突变的两种突变体,分别进行生长、寿命表型检测及免疫印迹分析实验,发现PDK1位点的磷酸化水平对于Sch9活性起着主导性作用,并且PDK1位点发生去磷酸化会促进C末端高度磷酸化,而PDK1发生磷酸化会抑制C末端的磷酸化.由此说明Sch9上PDK1和PDK2位点是否发生磷酸化除了受到各自上游激酶的调节外,两者之间还存在着一种负调控机制.     

精炼糖废蜜连续发酵生产酵母的研究

研究了以精炼糖废蜜为原料，采用连续多级发酵制作酵母的工艺过程，确定出适用进糖浓度与最佳稀释率等工艺参数