冰晶石熔盐介质中铝热还原-熔盐电解二氧化硅

讨论了铝热还原二氧化硅的热力学条件,热力学计算结果表明铝热还原二氧化硅的反应在热力学上可行.差示扫描量热法分析结果表明,铝热还原二氧化硅反应的表观活化能为697.5 k J/mol,反应级数为3.7.在冰晶石熔盐介质中铝热还原二氧化硅,可得到含8.56%硅的铝硅合金及富氧化铝的冰晶石熔盐;使用惰性阳极电解分离后的富氧化铝的冰晶石熔盐,可得到含94.01%铝的铝硅合金及氧气,硅的回收率为83.43%.     

MgCl_2-KCl-AlF_3-(La_2O_3)熔盐体系电解制备Al-Mg-La中间合金

在质量比为41.5∶48.5∶10的MgCl_2-KCl-AlF3熔盐体系中加入质量分数为0.6%La_2O_3,利用电解法制备了Al-Mg-La合金.用ICP-OES(电感耦合等离子体光谱仪)和XRD进行了合金的组成和物相分析.研究结果表明,在电解温度800℃,阴极电流密度6.92A/cm2,槽电压5.3~5.4V,电解时间为1h的条件下,电流效率为86.2%,得到的合金主相为α-Mg基体、β-Al12Mg17相与Al11La3相.高的阴极电流密度有利于合金中镁含量的增加.     

Evolution of the East Asian monsoon and its response to uplift of the Tibetan Plateau since 1.8 Ma recorded by major elements in sediments of the South China Sea

Evolution of the East Asian monsoon and its response to uplift of the Tibetan Plateau has been investigated in the study of global change. Core sediment samples drilled in the South China Sea during ODP Leg184 are the best materials for studying long-term variability of the East Asian monsoon. R-mode factor analysis of major elements in the fine grain-sized carbonate-free sediments (<4 μm) of the upper 185 mcd splice of ODP Site 1146 drilled during Leg184 in the South China Sea shows that Ti, TFe2O3, MgO, K2O, P, CaO, and Al2O3 are representative of a terrestrial factor. The variation in the terrestrial factor score is subject to chemical erosion in the source region and thus indicates the evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon. The terrestrial factor score has three stepwise decreases at ~1.3 Ma, ~0.9 Ma, and ~0.6 Ma, indicating the phased weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon is related to wholly stepwise, quick uplifts of the Tibetan Plateau since 1.8 Ma. The periodic fluctuation of the terrestrial factor score since ~0.6 Ma indicates that the glacial-interglacial cycles have been the main force driving the evolution of the East Asian monsoon. As in the case of Chinese loess, the long-term evolution of the East Asian monsoon recorded in sediments of the South China Sea reflects a coupled effect of the glacial-interglacial cycle and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.     

傅里叶变换近红外光谱法测定榨菜酱油成分

基于傅里叶变换近红外光谱技术,通过主成分分析(PCA),可较好地区分不同品牌的榨菜酱油样本.利用偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立了测定榨菜酱油成分的定量分析模型,校正集样本中总酸、氨基酸态氮和食盐的分析模型决定系数(R2)分别为98.44,98.74和98.48,交叉验证均方差(RMSECV)分别为0.001 3,0.008 44和0.355.预测集样本中总酸、氨基酸态氮和食盐的外部验证决定系数(R2)分别为96.04,95.90,96.27,预测集标准偏差(RMSEP)分别为0.017 4,0.012 9,0.48.实验结果具有较高的预测精度,可以用于测定榨菜酱油主要成分的质量浓度.     

山西运城盐湖区白骨顶羽毛Pb、Cu、Cd的含量及分布

对采自于山西运城盐湖区白骨顶(Fulica atra)羽毛铅、铜、镉含量进行了测定,并对这几种重金属在各个部位羽毛中的浓度进行了比较.结果表明,白骨顶羽毛的Pb含量为0.53～6.26μg/g、Cu含量为0.56～9.18μg/g、Cd含量0.002～0.24μg/g.铅在白骨顶羽毛中以背羽含量为最高,腹羽最低;铜含量以初级飞羽最高,背羽最低;镉含量背羽最高,腹羽最低.     

污水处理芽孢杆菌的抗盐诱变育种技术研究

污染海水的处理是沿海城市生态环境治理中迫切需要解决的问题,培育耐盐污水处理菌种具有重要实践意义.对处理污水的芽孢杆菌Y进行抗盐诱变育种,分别采用紫外线照射、NTG、及60Coγ等方法,选出最佳诱变方法为NTG900μg/m与60Coγ200 Gy的复合处理.     

基于RS和GIS的水土流失遥感调查方法探讨

以湖北省为例,在传统目视解译方法的基础上对遥感调查方法做了改进.通过遥感影像的信息提取,获得区域土地利用类型和水土流失影响因子,在此基础上建立水土流失分级指标,并使用ARC-GIS强大的空间分析功能生成最后的结果.采用该方法能够及时掌握区域水土流失现状、水土保持治理、水土流失动态变化等信息.     

齐齐哈尔碾子山金长城侵蚀沟治理工程设计概论

本文作者紧密结合本地实际和通过多年来水利建筑工程具体实践取得的工作经验、体会和感受，阐述了实施碾子山金长城侵蚀沟治理工程的必要性，并对其工程设计做了简要概述，有针对性地提出了工程管理综合措施，对当前开展的“建生态市、创园林城”活动与和谐水利建设有一定借鉴和指导意义。     

黄土丘陵区小流域产沙数学模型

本文按自然流域划分子流域,用“Open books”方法将子流域概化分区,根据不同区域土壤侵蚀和产沙特点,应用水文学、泥沙运动力学的基本理论建立了具有物理成因的概念性产沙数学模型,用陕北桥沟小流域实测水沙资料验证,成果具有一定的精度.本模型能模拟泥沙的时空变化过程,因而,便于客观地进行水土保持效益计算,可为小流域综合治理或规划提供决策依据.     

A STUDY OF THE IMPOVEMENT OF TENACITY OF POLYACRYLONITRILE PREOXIDED FIBRE BY USING CUPROUS SALT

Polyacrylonitrile preoxided fibre PANOF is an intermediate in carbon fibre preparation. Thequality of PANOF is closely related to the property and structure of carbon fibre. In this paper, thermal mechanical analysis(TMA), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), swell-ing differential scanning calorimetry(SDSC)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)wereused to study the increase in tenacity of PANOF from the precursor treated with cuprous salt It has been discovered that the cuprous salt reacts strongly with the uncyclized CN of PANOF,resulting in an increase in the tenacity of PANOF by 30%. The results shwo that the cause of thistenacity improvement is the formation of coordinated complex. Cu~+is the central ion, and PANOFthe ligand. It is due to the coordinate bond that the network structure is formed from uncyclizedCN of PANOF. Therefore the tenacity of PANOF is remarkably increased.