明胶-十二烷基硫酸钠复配体系表面活性的研究

对明胶－十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)复配体系,研究了SDS浓度、明胶浓度、明胶种类及分子量对其表面活性的影响。实验结果表明,随着SDS浓度的增加,体系的表面张力降低,并在其变化曲线中有一“平台”区域,同时体系的乳化力增大,其乳化力顺序为纯SDS溶液>水解皮明胶－SDS>水解骨明胶－SDS>骨明胶－SDS>皮明胶－SDS体系;各体系的起泡力及其稳定性亦随之增大。而明胶浓度的增加导致了各明胶－SDS体系表面张力的增大,且明胶浓度对大分子明胶体系的影响较之小分子明胶体系要大;明胶浓度的增加降低了体系的泡沫稳定性;但明胶浓度及其种类、分子量对体系的乳化力影响不大。     

Nitric oxide produced by cumulus cells stimulates maturation of mouse oocytes

The effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a donor of nitric oxide, on meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes was studied by injecting N^w-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) intra-peritoneal (ip), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, or culturing oocytes in the medium supplemented with L-NAME or hypoxanthine (HX) to arrest the spontaneous oocyte maturation in vitro. The results showed that the inhibitory effect of L-NAME by injecting 10 mg/kg ip on extrusion of the first polar body only could be reversed by injecting 2.5 mg/kg SNP with L-NAME simultaneously (P < 0.05). Half an hour later ten mice died when given 10 mg/kg SNP ip. The treatment of some concentrations of SNP (10^–7, 10^–6, 10^–5mol/L) significantly stimulated meiotic maturation to metaphase Ⅱ stages in cumulus enclosed oocytes in the presence of HX. However, other concentrations of SNP (10^–8, 10^–4, 10^–3 mol/L) had no effect on HX-arrested oocyte meiotic maturation. The optimal concentration of SNP on CEOs had no effect on DOs. The dose of 10^–3 mol/LL-NAME demonstrated a significant suppression in formation of PB₁, but not in GVBD. This inhibition was reversed by the addition of SNP. These results indicated that the physiological levels of NO produced by cumulus cells could stimulate meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes both in vivo and in vitro.     

耐水性水玻璃复合涂料的研制

采用适量氟硅酸钠改性剂和有机胺促进剂对基料水玻璃进行改性,协调粘性,耐水性和凝胶时间的相互关系,以磷酸,氧化硅氧化锌,铝盐,钙盐及钡盐等为原料制备磷硅酸盐固化和固化剂促进水玻璃的聚合和二氧化硅凝胶的缩合,拼用苯丙乳液作为辅助成膜物质。然后利用正交法优选配方,制得耐水性良好,附着力强的水玻璃复合涂料,它具有成本低廉,不污染环境和耐老化等特点,可应用于防火涂料和外墙涂料上。     

硫酸氢钠催化合成苹果酯-B

探讨了硫酸氢钠对苹果酯-B合成反应的催化活性,研究了催化剂用量、乙酰乙酸乙酯与1,2-丙二醇反应的最佳物质的量之比以及反应时间等因素对产品收率的影响.实验表明,硫酸氢钠是合成苹果酯-B的优良催化剂,在n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)∶n(1,2-丙二醇)=1.0∶1.7,催化剂用量为反应物总摩尔分数的0.67%时,环己烷作带水剂,反应时间为1.0h的优化条件下,苹果酯-B的收率可达到90.2%.     

荧光试剂衍生化液相色谱分析生物检材中的氟乙酸钠

建立了使用新的荧光衍生试剂9-氯甲基蒽(CA)衍生化生物检材中的氟乙酸钠,并通过薄层色谱和荧光检测的高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析的方法。合成得到氟乙酸钠的荧光衍生物——氟乙酸-9-亚甲基蒽酯(MA-MFA),纯度达到98%以上,通过红外光谱、核磁共振、元素分析和质谱对其进行结构表征。薄层色谱中展开剂为石油醚/乙酸乙酯(体积比为95∶5),检测限为5×10-8g(TLC)。高效液相色谱用AgilentHypersilODS反相色谱柱,以乙腈/水(体积比为85∶15)为流动相,荧光检测波长λex为256 nm,λem为412 nm。方法在2.5×10-9~125×10-9mol/mL浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.9988,生物样品空白添加实验的回收率为83%~90%,最低检测限为2×10-10g(S/N=3),日内、日间RSD均小于4%。该方法用于中毒死亡者的血液样品及其他检材的测定,效果良好。     

微乳条件下催化氨肟化合成环己酮肟

钛硅分子筛催化环己酮氨肟化反应制备环己酮肟，是一种环境友好的绿色化学工艺．针对该反应在浆态条件下进行时存在的固液分离和溶剂回收等问题，尝试采用微乳化的方法加以解决．分别以十二烷基硫酸钠／水／氨水／环己酮和二-（2-乙基己基）磺基琥珀酸钠／水／氨水／环己酮的水包油型微乳液作为反应介质，实现了钛硅分子筛催化环己酮的氨肟化反应．通过实验考察了温度对选择性和转化率的影响及对钛硅分子筛催化活性和稳定性的影响．结果表明，微乳条件下的环己酮氨肟化反应可以得到较好的效果，并且在反应效果方面以二-（2-乙基己基）磺基琥珀酸钠制备的微乳液占优．     

含磷洗涤助剂的性能及作用

简述洗涤剂组成、各组分作用;比较正磷酸盐、多聚磷酸盐的助洗性能;介绍三聚磷酸钠的结构、性质、作用及对环境的影响。     

Protective effect of sodium butyrate on the cell culture model of Huntington disease

This study aimed to develop a cell culture model of Huntington disease and observe the effect of sodium butyrate on this cell culture model. Exon 1 of both a wild type and a mutant IT15 gene from the genomic DNA of a healthy adult and a patient with Huntington disease was amplified and cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-C1. Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were transiently transfected with these recombinant plasmids in the absence and presence of sodium butyrate (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 mmol/L). The MTT assay was used to measure cell viability. The results indicated that the N-terminal fragment of mutant huntingtin formed perinuclear and intranuclear aggregates and caused a decrease of SH-SY5Y cell viability. Sodium butyrate inhibited the decrease of SH-SY5Y cell viability caused by the N-terminal fragment of mutant huntingtin. This suggests that sodium butyrate has a protective effect on this cell culture model of Huntington disease.     

胶束增敏荧光光度法测定甲氧氯普胺的研究

本文用荧光光度法对酸性介质中甲氧氯普胺和十二烷基硫酸钠形成的胶束配合物的性能进行了系统研究。利用胶束的增敏增稳作用，提出了测定甲氧氯普胺的荧光光度新方法。本法线性范围宽，为１．３×１０－８～８．０×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１，灵敏度高，检出限为１．２×１０－８ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１。应用本法于样品中甲氧氯普胺的测定，平均回收率为９８．８％，结果令人满意。     

对羟基苯甲酸异丁酯的合成

研究了不同催化剂体系中对羟基苯甲酸异丁酯的合成,并对合成条件进行了优化.实验结果表明,以一水合硫酸氢钠为催化剂,同时添加少量活性炭,可获得高收率、高品质的对羟基苯甲酸异丁酯.最佳反应条件为:一水合硫酸氢钠2.0 g,活性炭0.25 g,异丁醇与对羟基苯甲酸的摩尔比为3︰1,反应时间5 h,对羟基苯甲酸异丁酯的收率高达90.7%.