企业战略研究方法论的综合集成与创新——概念框架与初步的理论假设

基于系统概念与系统方法论的新进展 :系统隐喻、系统方法论的系统体系及“全面系统干预”,提出了对企业战略各学派的研究方法论 (简称企业战略研究方法论 )综合集成与创新的总思路、概念框架及初步的理论假设 ,以克服企业战略研究方法论在实践中遇到的困难.     

排污约束下企业的投资与定价

考察了在政府对企业污染排放进行限制的条件下,当企业资本存在随机波动时企业如何进行动态投资和价值评估.运用随机动态最优控制方法,得到了企业价值的自由边界常微分方程以及相应的最优投资策略和治污策略.数值计算表明, 在企业资本规模较小时, 企业无排污支出,且排污约束对企业的投资和定价影响较弱, 而当企业资本规模较大时,企业必须支付一定的治污费用以降低自身的污染排放量; 同时,排污约束不仅显著降低了企业的总价值以及资本的平均和边际价值,还减小了企业的投资动机.     

微动力机电系统的发展动态与展望

在阐述微动力机电系统研究意义的基础上,对其在国内外的发展动态及趋势进行了回顾,重点介绍了双区燃烧微涡轮机、微型往复式电力发生器、微转子发动机以及作者研究的微热光电动力系统．这种新型的微热光电系统具有无运动部件、热量利用效率高、制造成本低等优点．最后论述了微机电动力系统研究中面临的主要挑战,并重点总结了需要解决的一些基础问题．     

基于等效单自由度体系的结构滞回耗能估计

提出了研究单自由度体系和多自由度体系在地震作用下耗能关系的重要意义;建立了结构的等效单自由度体系能量方程,得出与原多自由度体系滞回耗能及变形能关系公式,据此提出了基于等效单自由度体系的多自由度结构体系总滞回耗能估计方法.分别对质量为均匀分布,楼层剪切强度和剪切刚度为均匀及不均匀分布的8幢5层剪切型多自由度体系和其等效单自由度体系输入典型地震动,计算滞回耗能及变形能,并将计算结果进行比较分析.结果表明,通过等效单自由度体系来估计剪切型多自由度体系的滞回耗能,是一种计算简便且较为准确的方法.     

滞后中立型线性离散系统的滞后无关稳定性判据

给出了几个滞后中立型线性离散系统稳定性的充分条件，由于这些条件与滞后无关且形成简单，对于初步判定其稳定性提供了有用的工具。     

阿罗不可能性定理和社会选择的无矛盾性问题

2017年2月21日,国际著名数理经济学家、1972年度诺贝尔(Nobel)经济学奖获得者阿罗(K.J.Arrow)于美国辞世。谨作此文,以纪念他在社会选择理论,特别是其中将有关数学应用于研究经济学领域发现的"阿罗不可能性定理"作出的重大贡献。     

Local reduction in physics

A conventional wisdom about the progress of physics holds that successive theories wholly encompass the domains of their predecessors through a process that is often called “reduction.” While certain influential accounts of inter-theory reduction in physics take reduction to require a single “global” derivation of one theory׳s laws from those of another, I show that global reductions are not available in all cases where the conventional wisdom requires reduction to hold. However, I argue that a weaker “local” form of reduction, which defines reduction between theories in terms of a more fundamental notion of reduction between models of a single fixed system, is available in such cases and moreover suffices to uphold the conventional wisdom. To illustrate the sort of fixed-system, inter-model reduction that grounds inter-theoretic reduction on this picture, I specialize to a particular class of cases in which both models are dynamical systems. I show that reduction in these cases is underwritten by a mathematical relationship that follows a certain liberalized construal of Nagel/Schaffner reduction, and support this claim with several examples. Moreover, I show that this broadly Nagelian analysis of inter-model reduction encompasses several cases that are sometimes cited as instances of the “physicist׳s” limit-based notion of reduction.     

MPTP慢性帕金森病小鼠海马内氧化应激与细胞凋亡蛋白的表达

目的 观察 MPTP慢性帕金森病小鼠海马氧化应激指标及细胞凋亡相关蛋白的表达.方法 应用MPTP制备慢性帕金森病模型,观察行为学改变,Morris水迷宫实验,检测模型组和对照组小鼠海马内超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）及丙二醛（MDA）舍量变化,以及免疫组织化学方法、RT-PCR方法、Western blot方法检测海马Bax和Bel-2蛋白表达.结果 慢性帕金森病模型小鼠行为学特点为震颤、活动减少;水迷宫实验结果提示认知功能降低;与对照组海马比较：模型组海马SOD、GSH含量均下降,而MDA含量升高（P〈0.05）;模型组海马Bax蛋白表达增高,而Bel-2蛋白表达下降（P〈0.05）.结论 氧化应激在慢性帕全森病认知功能障碍发病机制中起重要作用,而Bax和Bcl-2蛋白参与了氧化应激诱导海马神经元凋亡的调控过程.     

Prediction in context: On the comparative epistemic merit of predictive success

The considerations set out in the paper are intended to suggest that in practical contexts predictive power does not play the outstanding roles sometimes accredited to it in an epistemic framework. Rather, predictive power is part of a network of other merits and achievements. Predictive power needs to be judged differently according to the specific conditions that apply. First, predictions need to be part of an explanatory framework if they are supposed to guide actions reliably. Second, in scientific expertise, the demand for accurate predictions is replaced with the objective of specifying a robust corridor of estimates. Finally, it is highly uncertain to predict the success of research projects. The overall purpose of the paper is to enlarge the debate about predictions by addressing specifically the roles of predictions in application-oriented research.     

Varieties of noise: Analogical reasoning in synthetic biology

The picture of synthetic biology as a kind of engineering science has largely created the public understanding of this novel field, covering both its promises and risks. In this paper, we will argue that the actual situation is more nuanced and complex. Synthetic biology is a highly interdisciplinary field of research located at the interface of physics, chemistry, biology, and computational science. All of these fields provide concepts, metaphors, mathematical tools, and models, which are typically utilized by synthetic biologists by drawing analogies between the different fields of inquiry. We will study analogical reasoning in synthetic biology through the emergence of the functional meaning of noise, which marks an important shift in how engineering concepts are employed in this field. The notion of noise serves also to highlight the differences between the two branches of synthetic biology: the basic science-oriented branch and the engineering-oriented branch, which differ from each other in the way they draw analogies to various other fields of study. Moreover, we show that fixing the mapping between a source domain and the target domain seems not to be the goal of analogical reasoning in actual scientific practice.