野波罗蜜根皮中总黄酮提取方法的比较研究

以乙醇-水为提取体系,分别采用回流法、超声法、微波法,探究乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间等对野波罗蜜根皮中总黄酮提取的影响,确立最佳提取条件．结果表明,回流提取法、超声提取法、微波提取法在最佳提取条件下总黄酮的提取率依次为9．43％、9．52％、9．96％．     

报纸肥料作用下重金属镉在土壤\|小白菜体系中的迁移

通过在土壤中添加不同质量比的金属镉, 以盆栽实验方式考察在报纸肥料作用下小白菜的生长情况以及小白菜的生物量根系耐性指数（RTI）和迁移系数(TF). 实验结果表明:  在镉污染条件下, 使用肥料可促进小白菜根吸收镉, 当镉的质量比为40 mg/kg时, 小白菜根对镉的吸收比不施加肥料增加了215.5%;  随着肥料质量比的增加, 镉对小白菜根的生长抑制作用变化较小;  镉污染对小白菜地上部分的影响较小, 但施加肥料可促进小白菜地上部分生长, 当肥料的质量比为3 g/kg时, 促进作用最大; 小白菜根部受镉污染的影响较大, 其根部与镉接触后大部分镉保留于根部而未进行迁移.     

FDI对中国经济增长影响的实证研究

为数众多的关于FDI与经济增长方面的文献都得出大体相似的结论,即FDI对一国经济的增长既有短期的拉动效应,如增加出口、创造就业机会等,又有长期效应,如技术外溢效应、资本积累效应、制度变迁效应等;针对近年出现的欧债危机背景下的中国经济增长和FDI的关系的文章不少,但是往往因为使用数据的不同的得出不同的结论;拟选取1983—2011年的数据来实证在欧债危机大背景下我国的经济增长与FDI也具有上述二效应。     

点按肩井为主治疗神经根型颈椎病临床观察

将80例神经根型颈椎病患者随机纳入推拿治疗组和针刺治疗对照组,治疗组和对照组分别采用以点按肩井为主的推拿手法进行和采用针刺电针进行治疗,观察两组临床疗效。经过两个疗程的治疗后,推拿手法治疗组治愈率为32.5%,有效率为95%;针刺治疗组治愈率为11%,总有效率为81%。治疗组总有效率优于对照组。使用“点按肩井穴为主的推拿手法”治疗神经根型颈椎病,疗效显著且无药物治疗的毒副作用、安全舒适,值得临床广泛推广。     

红毛草Rhynchelytrumrepens（Willd.）C.E.Hubbard的繁殖特性*

从繁殖生态学的角度对红毛草Rhynchelytrum repens （Willd．）C.E．Hubbard 的繁殖特性进行了研究。采用盆栽试验与发芽试验,分别研究了4种不同种植密度下红毛草的资源分配情况和4年内红毛草的种子寿命与萌发情况。结果显示：①盆栽试验中,低密度种植红毛草的单株总生物量、茎叶生物量、根生物量与根冠比高于高密度种植差异达显著水平（p＜0.05）;花的生物量在相对低密度下低于高密度的量,差异显著（p＜0.05）;②高密度种植红毛草的 RE （Reproductive effort）值大于低密度种植的 RE 值,而且差异显著（p＜0.05）,显示红毛草在生长胁迫下分配更多的资源到繁殖器官中;③发芽试验中,红毛草种子在高温胁迫下（45℃）发芽率显著下降（p＜0.05）,但仍维持在一定的水平（30.2％）,显示了红毛草对高温的适应能力;④红毛草种子的发芽率在贮藏两年后开始显著下降（p＜0.05）,但在贮藏的第四年仍维持在一定的水平（11.1％）,说明红毛草有较长的种子寿命;⑤红毛草种子发芽迅速,在发芽的第1天就开始萌动,发芽的高峰期出现在发芽的第2-3天。以上繁殖特性均与红毛草能够成为先锋植物密切相关。     

杨树无性系根系特征及地上与地下部分相关性研究

采用大田挖掘法,对20个杨树无性系的根系特征及地上与地下部分的相关关系进行了研究。结果表明,20个杨树无性系的根系主要集中在0～50cm土层中,根系以水平根为主,垂直根基本消失,不定根与地面的夹角较小,基本保持水平。中驻1号、NL351、T26和中驻6号的不定根总长度较大,中驻1号、中驻6号、W07和1107的不定根总数量较多,基部直径在2cm以下的不定根占不定根总数量的60％～80％。从地上和地下部分的生长情况来看,树高、冠幅、地上部干重、根重和根长存在显著相关关系;20个杨树无性系的根冠比在0．23～0．45的范围之内;单位地上部所具有的根长差异性较大,最大的为T26,最小的为中菏1号;根系生理吸收效率与根冠比、单位地上部所具有的根长呈负相关关系,即根系冗余现象。通过聚类分析,在相似系数为1．3时,可将20个杨树无性系分为3类6个亚类。研究结果可为杨树优良无性系的进一步选育和抚育管理提供理论依据。     

半湿润半干旱流域降雨径流关系及下垫面相似性

以半湿润半干旱地区的5个流域为研究对象,建立并综合各流域降雨径流相关图,发现其中3个地理位置相距较远的流域可以采用一个共同的降雨径流关系图描述,误差在许可范围内且精度等级在乙级以上。采用相似性指标、相对均方根误差和地形指数分布曲线综合定量评价流域的下垫面条件,发现这3个流域的下垫面条件较为相似。结果表明,下垫面条件较为相似的流域,尽管地理位置相距较远,仍可以用一个共同的降雨径流相关图描述;相对均方根误差和地形指数分布曲线更适用于评价半湿润半干旱流域下垫面条件的相似性。     

Process and mechanism of mountain-root removal of the Dabie Orogen—Constraints from geochronology and geochemistry of post-collisional igneous rocks

Systematical studies of post-collisional igneous rocks in the Dabie orogen suggest that the thickened mafic lower crust of the oro- gen was partially melted to form low-Mg# adakitic rocks at 143-131 Ma. Delamination and foundering of the thickened mafic lower crust occurred at 130 Ma, which caused the mantle upwelling and following mafic and granitic magmatic intrusions. Mig- matite in the North Dabie zone, coeval with the formation of low-Mg# adakitic intrusions in the Dabie orogen, was formed by partial melting of exhumed ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks at middle crustal level. This paper argues that the partial melting of thickened lower and middle crust before mountain-root collapse needs lithospheric thinning. Based on the geothermal gradient of 6.6~C/km for lithospheric mantle and initial partial melting temperature of ~1000~C for the lower mafic crust, it can be estimated that the thickness of lithospheric mantle beneath thickened lower crust has been thinned to 〈45 km when the thickened lower crust was melting. Thus, a two-stage model for mountain-root removal is proposed. First, the lithospheric mantle keel was partially removal by mantle convection at 145 Ma. Loss of the lower lithosphere would increase heat flow into the base of the crust and would cause middle-lower crustal melting. Second, partial melting of the thickened lower crust has weakened the lower crust and increased its gravity instability, thus triggering delamination and foundering of the thickened mafic lower crust or mountain-root collapse. Therefore, convective removal and delamination of the thickened lower crust as two mechanisms of lithospheric thin- ning are related to causality.     

Disaggregation methods to expedite product line forecasting

This paper addresses the issue of forecasting individual items within a product line; where each line includes several independent but closely related products. The purpose of the research was to reduce the overall forecasting burden by developing and assessing schemes of disaggregating forecasts of a total product line to the related individual items. Measures were developed to determine appropriate disaggregated methodologies and to compare the forecast accuracy of individual product forecasts versus disaggregated totals. Several of the procedures used were based upon extensions of the combination of forecast research and applied to disaggregations of total forecasts of product lines. The objective was to identify situations when it was advantageous to produce disaggregated forecasts, and if advantageous, which method of disaggregation to utilize. This involved identification of the general conceptual characteristics within a set of product line data that might cause a disaggregation method to produce relatively accurate forecasts. These conceptual characteristics provided guidelines for forecasters on how to select a disaggregation method and under what conditions a particular method is applicable.     

一类二阶线性泛函微分方程的振动性

本文讨论了二阶线性常系数泛函微分方程的振动性,得到几个简便的判别准则.