楔横轧展宽长度对极限断面收缩率影响机理分析

为了探索楔横轧展宽长度和极限断面收缩率的关系,并进一步揭示其影响机理,做了不同展宽长度下的极限面收缩率实验,并利用有限元数值方法对典型工况展宽阶段轧制接触区温度变化情况进行了模拟,进而推导出展宽过程中轧制接触区变形抗力的变化情况,并采用轧制实验中测得的力能参数做了验证.得到展宽长度越大,可获得的极限断面收缩率越小的原因为:展宽变形时间变长,轧件轧制接触区温度下降,从而使变形抗力增大,轧件杆部横截面所受轴向应力随之增大,导致轧件杆部较容易发生缩颈.     

预处理对高应变速率轧制镁合金板材组织均匀性和力学性能的影响

传统的镁合金板材加工技术存在生产效率低、成本偏高和成形性能不够理想等局限.本论文采用高应变速率轧制对AZ31镁合金进行轧制,对比研究了两种预处理方法对板材组织性能的影响.结果表明,高应变速率轧制是获得具有细小晶粒组织和良好综合力学性能的镁合金板材的有效手段.经过预变形+均匀化的预处理,高应变速率轧制板材的组织均匀性得到...     

Mining rice new germplasm containing S5n gene by functional molecular marker and sequencing

Inter-subspecific hybrids between indica and japonica varieties yield strong biological heterosis, but it is difficult to utilize the hybrids directly in commercial production due to sterility of F1. A special gene S5^n may overcome the hybrids sterility, which is caused by the interaction between S5 loci. Recently, S5^n had been cloned, and it was revealed containing a large DNA deletion sequence that made the gene nonfunctional, compared to S5^i or S5^j. We designed a pair of primers flanking the deletion sequence of Ssn, and then applied to distinguish the varieties with S5^n or non-S5^n, convincing result suggested that the primers could be served as functional molecular marker to efficiently identify the new germplasm with S5^n, Using the functional marker, we surveyed 197 varieties from China National Micro-core Rice Collection, and found ten of which represented S5^n including following varieties： Haobuka, Sanbangqishiluo, Mubanggu, Xiaohonggu, Mowanggu＇neiza, Laozaogu, Fanhaopi, Feie＇nu02, Baoxie-7B, Teqingxuanhui. Among them, two varieties Sanbangqishiluo and Laozaogu was previously reported to contain S5^n gene. Further sequence analysis on the DNA sequence covering both sides of deletion in S5^n of the 10 varieties confirmed that the detected sequences in above varieties was identical with those of varieties containing S5^n, such as 02428 and Linglun. These results suggested that the gene in S5 locus of the ten varieties was also nonfunctional and it proved the presence of S5^n gene.     

关于圈龙图的奇优雅性

图的标号主要有(奇)优美标号、和谐标号、幸福标号、魔幻类标号等.圈龙图和多毛圈龙图可以作为计算机网络的模型.证明了圈龙图和多毛圈龙图都具有奇优雅标号,证明方法能够算法化,为网络模型的密码和可区别性研究提供了理论依据和可行的工具.     

厚叶木莲(Manglietia pachyphylla)基因组草图

厚叶木莲（Manglietia pachyphylla）为木兰科（Magnoliaceae）木莲属（Manglietia）的木本植物,零星分布于我国广东省和广西壮族自治区,为国家二级重点保护野生植物。了解濒危物种基因组信息及其遗传多样性有助于合理地保护和利用濒危物种,实现濒危物种的解濒和复壮。为此,本研究通过高通量测序方法对厚叶木莲基因组进行测序,并利用测序数据开展厚叶木莲基因组草图的组装;之后,基于组装的基因组预测其中的重复序列和基因,进行系统发育和基因家族分析。结果表明,组装的厚叶木莲基因组大小为2 092 298 891 bp,包含676个组装序列,N50（将组装的序列按照长度由大到小进行累加,当累加到某个序列时,累加的值为基因组50%的长度时,此序列的长度即为N50）为7 961 115 bp;利用BUSCO （Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs）,针对“eudicots”和“embryophyta”这两个BUSCO单拷贝基因库,对基因组组装的完整性进行评估,组装的厚叶木莲基因组完整性分别为96.6%和98.8%。厚叶木莲基因组有76.5%的序列为重复序列,共有37 900个基因,这些基因编码了41 675个蛋白质序列。系统发育分析发现厚叶木莲与望春玉兰（Magnolia biondii）聚在一起,两者分化时间大致为10 500 000年前。厚叶木莲中与木质部/韧皮部、肌动蛋白丝、热、光合作用以及多种次生代谢相关的基因家族显著扩张,其中次生代谢相关基因在厚叶木莲基因组上呈串联和近端重复,这些基因的扩张和重复形成方式可能与厚叶木莲适应高海拔环境有关。本研究是国内外木兰科木莲属首个基因组报道,为更好地保护和开发厚叶木莲及木兰科其他物种的种质资源提供了遗传信息和参考。     

Recent progress in polymer-based gene delivery vectors

The gene delivery system is one of the three components of a gene medicine, which is the bottle neck of current gene therapy. Nonviral vectors offer advantages over the viral system of safety, ease of manufacturing, etc. As important nonviral vectors, polymer gene delivery systems have gained increasing attention and have begun to show increasing promising. In this review, the fundamental and recent progress of polymer-based gene delivery vectors is reviewed.     

Neuroglobin mutation associated with hypoxia adaptation in Tibet chicken

Globin protein family plays an important role in storing and transporting oxygen. As a newly reported globin, the revealed function of neuroglobin includes binding and storing oxygen as well as facilitating the utilization of oxygen in neuronal cells. In the present study, mutations in exons of chicken Ngb gene were identified with the method of sequencing and created restriction site PCR in Tibet chicken and other four lowland chicken breeds. The mutations of Lys-2224(E4)-Asn and Ser-2279(E4)-Gly were identified in exon 4 of the gene. The Lys-2224(E4)-Asn mutation existed only in Tibet chicken and the mutation frequencies increased with increasing altitude. Analysis of the haplotype and diplotype of the two mutations in Tibet chicken populations of different altitudes showed that the frequencies of TG haplotype and TTGG diplotype also increased with increasing altitude, while the reverse tendency was found on GGAA diplotype. Under the hypoxic simulation incubation, the main haplotype was TG in living embryos and GA in dead embryos. The results showed that the Lys-2224(E4)-Asn mutation may be a specific mutation associated with hypoxia adaptation in Tibet chicken.     

矢竹地下茎转录组测序及节间生长相关基因表达分析

【目的】揭示竹子地下茎生长发育的分子机制。【方法】利用高通量转录组测序对矢竹含不同发育阶段节的地下茎转录组图谱进行了分析研究,并利用qRT-PCR对节间生长相关基因进行表达模式分析。【结果】共获得了11 976 条平均长度为1 008 bp的单基因簇(unigenes)。NCBI注释显示,63.8%的单基因簇具有注释结果,其中16 254 条unigenes被注释到137 个KEGG(京都基因与基因组百科全书)代谢通路中。MapMan分析共获得了1 864 个转录因子及603 个激素代谢及信号转导相关单基因簇。在功能基因方面,共获得564 个与细胞壁构建相关的代谢基因,其中92 个与木质素合成相关。此外,对9 个与赤霉素、细胞壁合成及细胞骨架组织相关的基因,通过实时荧光定量PCR,分析了它们在节间不同发育阶段的表达模式。结果显示:细胞壁、细胞骨架下游功能相关基因在矢竹地下茎节间快速生长阶段表达最高; 而赤霉素合成及信号传导相关基因则在节间伸长起始阶段最高。【结论】矢竹地下茎生长发育受到从各类激素、转录因子到其下游功能基因等组成的复杂分子网络的协同调控。     

偏心轴类零件楔横轧轧制区轧制力差的影响因素

两轧辊在轧制区的轧制力不对称性是偏心轴类零件两辊楔横轧轧制成形的一个显著特征. 利用有限元法计算了偏心轴类零件楔横轧成形中轧制区轧制力差,并对其影响因素进行了较为系统全面的分析,阐明了影响因素对轧制力差的影响机理,最后还综合分析了各影响因素对轧制力差的影响程度.     

Specific anti-tumor effect induced by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vaccine expressing extracellular region of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2

The purposes of this research were to study the stable expression of exogenous gene encoding therapeutic protein in attenuated Salmonella typhimurium, observe the metabolism of oral gene vaccine carried by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium in BALB/c mouse, and investigate the feasibility of prevention and treatment of tumors by the recombinant bacteria. Recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1 VEGFR2(n1-7) was transformed into competent attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL3261 to develop oral DNA vaccine SL3261-pcDNA3.1 VEGFR2(n1-7). To observe whether the exogenous gene can be expressed in the recombinant bacteria, PCR was performed to amplify the CMV promoter of the eukaryotic expression vector as the proof of stable expression of exogenous protein; transmission elec- tron microscopy (TEM) was applied to observe the morphology of the recombinant bacteria to confirm that the exogenous gene has no impact on the growth of the bacteria, and then BALB/c mice were immunized with the gene vaccine. After inoculation of the gene vaccine, the recombinant bacteria SL3261 could be detected in the tissues such as small intestine, colon, liver and spleen. And then, mice in each group were challenged with tumor cells. The results of animal experiment showed that tumor growth of the mice in experimental group was inhibited and survival time of immunized mice was prolonged compared with control groups. A higher lymphocyte infiltration in tumors from animals treated with DNA vaccine was observed. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor samples revealed an en- hanced accumulation of CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes, as well as an increase in CD4 cells in the tumors of animals treated with the oral gene vaccine compared to tumors from control group mice. Ultrastructure of the tumor tissue showed that tumor cells in the samples of the immunized mice were well-differentiated. Our research confirmed that the exogenous gene can be stably expressed in the attenuated Salmonella typhimurium and has no impact on the growth of the recombinant bacteria; the exogenous gene can de delivered to the host by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium to produce anti-tumor effect with no obvious cytotoxity to the host. In this study, it is established that attenuated Salmonella typhimurium could be used as a vector for oral gene vaccine, and our study provided a theoretical basis for the body distribution and the metabolism of the recombinant bacteria. This strategy may provide a simple, safe and effective way for the prevention and treatment of tumors.