铀对Ⅰ型低熟烃源岩生烃演化的影响

在Ⅰ型低熟烃源岩中加入砂岩型铀矿石的条件下进行生烃模拟实验,对比无铀-加铀样品生烃模拟实验产物的相关参数,探讨油气生成过程中无机铀所起的作用。结果表明:铀的存在促使长链烃类在400℃后裂解成低相对分子质量短链烃,烃类相对分子质量降低,向干气演化,CO2和H2大量生成,且铀的存在使得这一变化的温度点提前50℃;铀可以促进总油生成高峰的提前到来;350℃为铀使烯烃产量变化的转折温度点,烯烃开始向烷烃转变;铀的存在能提高模拟实验中生成的烯烃的异构化程度,并在整体上使生成的烯烃分子在晶格中排得更加紧密;加铀的烃源岩样品的生烃模拟实验产物在族组成、饱和烃气相色谱、生物标志化合物等方面表现出更加成熟的特征,铀可以使有机质的成熟度提高,有利于低熟烃源岩早期生成低熟油气,使铀的存在成为未熟-低熟油气形成的可能无机促进因素之一,这种提前生成的少量油气可以使所在储层变为亲油性,为后期大规模生成的油气运移成藏提供有利的条件,使得即使是致密的储层,也能形成大规模的工业油气藏。     

新疆柯柯亚一带晚石炭世硅质岩成因分析

新疆柯柯亚一带晚石炭世硅质岩分布极为广泛,通过野外地质填图及矿产调查过程中的详细观察和硅质岩岩石学特征分析,并根据硅质岩具有低SiO2、K2O、P2O5及HREE;高Al2O5、FeO、MgO、K2O＋Na2O、TiO2、∑EEE;SiO2／Al2O3、SiO2／（Na2O＋K2O）值分别为11～25和37～74;Fe／Ti值小于20、（Fe＋Mn）／Ti值小于15、Si／（Si＋Al＋Fe）值小于0．9等特征,认为这些硅质岩为火山成因。而且Th／Sc、Th／U和δCe等值及稀土配分曲线和TiO2-Al2O3图解也明确指示了硅质岩属火山成因类型。     

安徽铜陵二叠系龙潭组火山岩的发现及其意义

首次在铜陵凤凰山的二叠系龙潭组B层煤内及其下部发现的火山角砾岩、火山集块岩、英安岩,玻屑、岩屑凝灰岩、具有爆发相—喷溢相的特点,属裂隙型喷发的近火山口相产物,英安岩的成矿元素含量(ppm)很高,Au·Ag的含量高于克拉克值10-18倍。火山岩形成的构造条件为岛弧陆缘环境。     

考虑材料软化的洞室围岩弹塑性分析的统一解

基于统一强度理论,考虑岩土材料的软化特性,用弹性塑性软化塑性残余三线性应力应变模型推导出了洞室围岩塑性残余区半径、塑性软化区半径、洞周边位移、围岩内任一点应力及围岩压力的解析计算公式。同时给出了洞室围岩所处应力状态的判别式。得出的解答具有广泛意义。著名的Kastner公式、Airey公式均为本文的特例。通过实例分析了软化及不同强度模型对计算结果的影响。     

基于支架-围岩力学场的综放面支架变形研究

针对极软厚煤层综放工作面支架-围岩相互作用关系,通过数值模拟计算,研究了基于支架-围岩力学场的支架受力和变形特征.通过对顶梁受力、位移等力学现象的动态分析,可以看出围岩对支架的作用是一个渐变的过程.研究得出极软厚煤层综放开采不同支架参数对支架变形的影响,提出了轻放支架架型设计的基本原则.图8,参10.     

不稳定围岩巷道锚杆支护的参数设计

应用结构力学、材料力学理论,证明结合拱的最大弯矩发生在拱顶处,推导出承载拱厚度的计算式,从而建立了不稳定围岩巷道锚杆支护参数设计组合拱计算的理论模型。该模型在东海矿开拓巷道的锚杆支护设计中进行了应用和验证。     

^40Ar-^39Ar geochronology of Cenozoic Linzizong volcanic rocks from Linzhou Basin, Tibet, China, and their geological implications

Whole-rock and mineral separate Ar-Ar dating was carried out for the Linzizong volcanic rocks at Linzhou Basin in Tibet to constrain the time span of volcanism and the corresponding stratigraphic sequence. Sampling was based on detailed geologic mapping and stratigraphic sequence of Dianzhong, Nianbo, Pana Formations, systematically from the bottom to near the top. The results indicate that the Linzizong volcanic rocks erupted from Paleocene to middle of Eocene (64.43--43.93 Ma). Among them, the Pana Formation formed from ca. 48.73 to 43.9 Ma, the Nianbo Formation around 54 Ma and the Dianzhong Formation from 64.4 to 60.6 Ma. In combination with evidence from the geochemical characteristics of the volcanic rocks, and from stratigraphy in southern Tibet, it is postulated that the age of the lowest member in the Dianzhong Formation of the Linzizong volcanic rock, which overlies unconformably the Late Cretaceous Shexing Formation, likely corresponds to the inception of the collision between Indian and Asian continents in southern Tibet.     

渤海中部磁性层析成像的初步研究

渤海中部是中国东部岩石圈最薄的地区之一，走滑作用和伸展作用十分强烈，同时伴随强烈的岩浆活动，发育火山岩和侵入岩，在本区表现为一些明显的磁异常高。通过对渤海中部的磁化强度数据进行层析成像分析，结合渤海湾盆地的区域地质和地震剖面的分析，反演引起渤海中部磁异常高的地质体的空间分布形态和性质。     

大变形巷道锚杆力学特性的数值模拟

通过现场观测和实验室试验,对大变形巷道锚杆的力学特性进行了测试,揭示了锚杆与围岩相互作用全过程呈现:初撑、增阻、恒阻、降阻直至失效。论述了锚杆阻力下降和失效是大变形巷道锚杆支护所具有的基本规律。为此,对FLAC3.3中锚杆单元模型进行了修正,使其具备模拟锚杆损伤软化的功能,并将其成功地应用于实际工程中。     

SHRIMP U-Pb geochronology of the detrital zircons from the Longshoushan Group and its tectonic significance

Sixty-two geologically meaningful U-Pb dates were obtained by using SHRIMP technique for the detrital zircons in three metasedimentary rocks from stratigraphically uppermost parts of the Longshoushan Group in the present study. Eighty percents of these dates range from 1.7 Ga to 2.2 Ga with a peak at 1.8-2.0 Ga and twenty percents from 2.3 Ga to 2.7 Ga. The youngest detrital zircon is dated at 1724±19 Ma which is interpreted as the maximum depositional age of the metasedimentary rocks. Therefore, the age for the diagenesis and lithification of the original sedimentary rocks of the Longshoushan Group before the metamorphism must be younger than 1724±19 Ma. Comparison of the age histograms of these detrital zircons with the ages of the igneous rocks on the surrounding older massifs suggests that the sediments of the Longshoushan Group were most likely derived from the Alaxa Block and Tarim Craton. This implies that the affinity between Alaxa Block and Tarim Craton was strong and that they might have been a unified craton during middle-early Proterozoic time.