铝、硅添加对方镁石-铝镁尖晶石质免烧耐火材料性能的影响

采用电熔镁砂和电熔尖晶石为主要原料,以葡萄糖和水合硫酸铝为复合结合剂,以金属铝粉和单质硅为添加剂,制备方镁石-铝镁尖晶石质免烧耐火材料,研究了不同热处理温度下铝加入量及硅铝复合添加对耐火材料显微结构、烧结性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着铝粉加入量的增加,方镁石-铝镁尖晶石免烧耐火材料经不同温度处理后的线膨胀率、常温抗折强度和常温耐压强度增加,并且高温抗折强度也不断提高;另外,金属铝和单质硅的添加会引起耐火材料在升温过程中的增重并减少材料的体积膨胀,从而进一步提高材料的常温力学性能。     

海上稠油火烧油层物理模拟实验研究

为探索海上稠油火烧油层开发的可行性,针对渤海稠油油藏开展了火烧油层物理模拟实验。根据石油沥青组分测定法,分析渤海稠油原油组分;通过热失重与扫描量热同步热分析仪测试活化能等高温氧化反应动力学参数;采用一维燃烧管实验模拟评价燃烧稳定性及驱油效果。研究结果表明,渤海稠油组分特征与国内陆上油田相似;稠油高温氧化活化能为157 kJ/mol,与陆上油田相近;油藏火驱前缘推进稳定,燃烧前缘最高温度773 K左右,出口CO₂浓度长期稳定在12%以上,高温氧化燃烧状态良好;火烧驱油效率95.1%,空气油比548 m³/t,驱油效果较好。研究成果为海上稠油油藏火烧油层开发提供技术支持。     

高温影响下页岩岩石的声学特性实验研究

以四川盆地龙马溪组页岩为研究对象,研究了高温处理后页岩岩样物理性质的变化规律,讨论了温度对页岩岩石声波特性的影响,同时,也研究了高温影响下页岩岩石动弹性参数的变化规律。研究结果表明,当作用温度低于400℃时,温度对页岩表观颜色和物理性质影响较小,而当作用温度超过400℃时,页岩表观颜色逐渐由黑色变为灰白色,且页岩质量下降快、体积膨胀率上升快,造成页岩密度下降快;随着温度增加,页岩声波速度不断下降,且声波主频不断下降,而页岩声波衰减系数不断增大,且声波衰减系数对页岩热损伤效应的敏感性更强;随着温度增加,页岩损伤因子增大,同时,页岩动态泊松比也呈增大趋势,而页岩动态弹性模量、体积模量、剪切模量呈下降趋势。     

冻融循环作用下秸秆纤维加筋土抗压强度试验研究

通过室内无侧限抗压试验,分析纤维掺量和冻融循环次数两个因素对棉花秸秆纤维加筋土强度的影响规律,研究冻融循环作用对纤维加筋土强度的影响。试验结果表明:土体中掺入纤维能有效提高土体的抗压强度,明显改善土体的软化程度;加筋土无侧限抗压强度随冻融循环次数的增加呈指数下降趋势,经历5次冻融后,强度下降幅度最大;通过将不同加筋率的纤维土与冻融循环次数进行拟合,建立两者之间的半经验公式,为纤维加筋土的实际工程应用奠定理论基础。     

先进高强钢DP590焊缝的组织特征和力学性能改善

The effects of the welding current mode in resistance spot welding on the microstructure and mechanical properties of advanced high-strength steel dual-phase 590 (DP590) sheets were investigated. Results showed that a rough martensitic structure was formed in the weld zone of the sample welded via the single-pulsed mode, whereas the microstructure in the heat-affected zone consisted of a very rough martensitic microstructure and rough ferrite. However, using the secondary pulse mode led to the formation of tempered martensite in the weld zone. The maximum load and the energy absorption to failure of the samples with the secondary pulsed cycle were higher than those of the samples with the single-pulsed mode. Tensile shear results indicated that the secondary pulsed mode could significantly change the mode of failure upon shear tension testing. Therefore, the obtained results suggest that the use of secondary pulsed mode can improve the microstructural feature and mechanical properties of advanced high-strength steel DP590 welds.     

原位纳米增强高强韧钢氢脆性能研究

We investigated the critical influence of in-situ nanoparticles on the mechanical properties and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of high-strength steel. The results reveal that the mechanical strength and elongation of quenched and tempered steel (919 MPa yield strength, 17.11% elongation) are greater than those of hot-rolled steel (690 MPa yield strength, 16.81% elongation) due to the strengthening effect of in-situ Ti₃O₅–Nb(C,N) nanoparticles. In addition, the HE susceptibility is substantially mitigated to 55.52%, approximately 30% lower than that of steels without in-situ nanoparticles (84.04%), which we attribute to the heterogeneous nucleation of the Ti₃O₅ nanoparticles increasing the density of the carbides. Compared with hard TiN inclusions, the spherical and soft Al₂O₃–MnS core–shell inclusions that nucleate on in-situ Al₂O₃ particles could also suppress HE. In-situ nanoparticles generated by the regional trace-element supply have strong potential for the development of high-strength and hydrogen-resistant steels.     

高熵合金及其相关复合材料的粉末冶金综述

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted increasing attention because of their unique properties, including high strength, hardness, chemical stability, and good wear resistance. Powder metallurgy is one of the most important methods used to fabricate HEA materials. This paper introduces the methods used to synthesize HEA powders and consolidate HEA bulk. The phase transformation, microstructural evolution, and mechanical properties of HEAs obtained by powder metallurgy are summarized. We also address HEA-related materials such as ceramic–HEA cermets and HEA-based composites fabricated by powder metallurgy.     

焊接速度对自适应双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊接Al–Mg合金接头微观组织和机械性能的影响

The butt welds of 4-mm thick 5A06 aluminum alloy plates were produced by adjustable-gap bobbin-tool friction stir travel with travel speeds of 200, 300, and 400 mm/min in this study. The microstructure was studied using optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Tensile tests and microhardness measurements were performed to identify the effect of the travel speed on the joint mechanical properties. Sound joints were obtained at 200 mm/min while voids were present at different positions of the joints as the travel speed increased. The EBSD results show that the grain size, high angle grain boundaries, and density of geometrically necessary dislocations in different regions of the joint vary depending on the recovery and recrystallization behavior. Specific attention was given to the relationship between the local microstructure and mechanical properties. Microhardness measurements show that the average hardness of the stir zone (SZ) was greater than that of the base material, which was only affected slightly by the travel speed. The tensile strength of the joint decreased with increasing travel speed and the maximal strength efficiency reached 99%.     

用颗粒流模拟技术模拟固化时间对胶结膏体细观参数的影响

Several special mechanical properties, such as dilatancy and compressibility, of cemented paste backfill (CPB) are controlled by its internal microstructure and evolution. The mesoscopic structure changes of CPB during the development process were investigated. On the basis of the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanical test results of CPB, the particle size information of CPB was extracted, and a two-dimensional particle flow code (PFC) model of CPB was established to analyze the evolution rule of mesoscopic parameters during CPB development. The embedded FISH language in PFC was used to develop a program for establishing a PFC model on the basis of the SEM results. The mesoscopic parameters of CPB samples at different curing times, such as coordination number (C_n), contact force chain, and rose diagram, were obtained by recording and loading and used to analyze the intrinsic relationship between mesoscopic parameter variations and macroscopic mechanical response during CPB development. It is of considerable significance to establish the physical model of CPB using the PFC to reveal the mesoscopic structure of CPB.     

采用模糊规则的风机超速区 变参数综合惯性控制方法

对风机参与电力系统调频的控制策略进行研究,提出一种基于模糊规则的风机超速区变参数综合惯性控制方法.首先,分析风机传统综合惯性控制方法,针对电网频率的二次跌落问题,对风机超速状态下的惯性响应特性进行研究,使风机具有更好的转速恢复能力;然后,针对风机实际运行状态与惯性控制系统参数间的动态匹配问题,以频率差值和频率变化率为考量标准,制定模糊规则,实现风机惯性控制更优的动态响应,并进一步减小电网频率的二次跌落.仿真实验表明:文中方法具有可行性和有效性.