基于网格模型的光滑B样条曲面重建算法

提出并实现了一种基于网格模型的光滑B样条曲面重建方法.首先研究并实现了网格模型上特征线的定义和优化方法,在此基础上提供了多种交互式编辑工具,使用户可以方便地构建出符合原始设计意图的四边界区域拓扑模型;最后在综合考虑拟合精度、光顺性和连续性等条件下实现了B样条曲面的光滑拟合.实验证明算法的效率和曲面拟合质量都能较好地满足反求工程的要求.     

影响铝合金微弧氧化成膜效率的因素分析

为了解决目前微弧氧化技术中存在的高电能消耗及低处理效率问题,采用低能耗微弧氧化工艺在铝表面制备氧化物陶瓷膜层,测量并分析电解液成分和质量密度、工艺条件对成膜效率的影响,研究了影响铝合金微弧氧化成膜效率的因素和作用机理,提出了降低工艺能耗的技术途径.结果表明:通过改变添加剂成分和质量浓度、脉宽、峰值电压和处理时间等工艺参数可以有效提高陶瓷膜层沉积效率.在制备过程中平均电流密度均能控制在1 A/dm2以下,平均单位成膜效率为2.8~3.2 kW.h/(m2.μm),获得膜层厚度为25~30μm.所制备的氧化铝陶瓷层的相结构、厚度、粗糙度和硬度等参数与通常微弧氧化技术制备的陶瓷膜相似.     

聚醚基磷酸酯两性表面活性剂的制备及性能

以烷基叔胺、氯乙醇、环氧氯丙烷、PEG200和五氧化二磷为原料,合成了一种新型聚醚基磷酸酯两性表面活性剂。对合成工岂进行了研究,确定了最佳工艺条件,并对产品的表面张力、临界胶束浓度、钙皂分散力等物化性能进行了测试。研究结果表明,此系列产品具有良好的表面活性和较好的分散能力,特别是长链烷基为18的产品。     

The controlling factors and distribution prediction of H_2S formation in marine carbonate gas reservoir,China

Generally, there are some anhydrites in carbonate reservoir, as H2S is also familiar in carbonate oil and gas reservoirs. Nowadays, natural gas with high H2S concentration is usually considered as TSR origin, so there is close relationship between H2S and anhydrite. On the contrary, some carbonate rocks with anhydrite do not contain H2S. Recently, researches show that H2S is only a necessary condition of H2S formation. The reservoir porosity, sulfate ion content within formation water, reservoir temperature, oil/gas and water interface, hydrocarbon and some elements of reservoir rock have great controlling effects on the TSR occurrence. TSR deoxidizes hydrocarbon into the acidic gas such as H2S and CO2, and the H2S formation is controlled by TSR occurrence, so the relationship among reaction room, the contact chance of sulfate ion and hydrocarbon, the reservoir temperature has great influence on the TSR reaction. H2S has relatively active chemical quality, so it is still controlled by the content of heavy metal ion. Good conditions of TSR reaction and H2S preservation are the prerequisite of H2S distribution prediction. This paper builds a predictive model based on the characteristic of natural gas reservoir with high H2S-bearing. In the porosity reservoir with anhydrite, the formation water is rich in sulfate and poor in heavy metal ion. Oil and gas fill and accumulate in the gas reservoir with good preservation conditions, and they suffered high temperature later, which indicates the profitable area of natural gas with high H2S-bearing.     

潍北凹陷孔店组烃源岩生物标志物特征及地球化学意义

通过对潍北凹陷孔店组烃源岩有机质丰度、类型、成熟度及生物标志物的研究,发现孔店组烃源岩重排甾烷含量低,C27,C28和C29规则甾烷含量较多,C29甾烷的20S/(S R)和C29ββ/(ββ αα)比值分别在0.12～0.38和0.3～0.45之间;在萜类化合物中,奥利烷含量低,γ蜡烷与C30藿烷比值在0.1～0.37之间.研究结果表明孔店组烃源岩生源以高等植物为主,混有一定比例的藻类等低等水生生物,沉积环境为含盐度低的弱还原-弱氧化湖沼相,烃源岩有机质处于低熟-成熟阶段.     

吕家坨井田矿压显现区域预测

以地质动力区划方法为基础，划分出各级活动断裂，以吕家坨矿区五级断裂图为构造格架，建立有限元的地质力学模型，以吕家坨矿地应力测量的基础数据为边界条件，通过岩体应力状态分析系统进行应力计算，计算的结果以等值线的方式给出，包括最大主应力等值线、最小主应力等值线、最大剪应力等值线。通过对等值线的分析，预测出矿区的应力升高区、梯度区、降低区，从而对吕家坨矿压显现严重的区域做出预测，为吕家坨井田工作面的生产和采区巷道的合理布置提供基础数据，保证矿井安全生产。     

混凝土施工缝留置位置与处理

砼施工缝留置原则运用于结构受剪力较小且便于施工的部位,但在施工中技术人员应根据砼构件的受力分析,重点结合《规范》条款规定的构件位置正确理解留置施工缝,并检测施工缝处砼强度后继续浇筑后续砼。     

旋转水射流破岩的数值模拟分析

采用非线性动力有限元和岩石动态损伤模型模拟了旋转水射流作用下岩石的损伤破坏过程 ,其中岩石损伤场的求解采用解耦的方法。同时还对旋转水射流的破岩机理进行了分析。模拟计算结果与前期的试验结果一致 ,均显示旋转射流具有较强的破岩能力 ,其原因在于旋转射流的质点具有三维速度 ,破岩时以倾斜冲击为主 ,易于在岩石表面形成拉伸和剪切破坏 ,回流的干扰较少 ;破岩过程首先是形成一环形破碎带 ,然后沿径向和轴向发展 ,所形成的破碎坑呈内凸锥状。旋转射流破岩的优势在于破碎面积大、效率高。     

A model for assessing effects of climate change on runoff in China

A model is established for assessing the effects of climate change on runoff in China based on the land surface parameterization scheme variable infiltration capacity (VIC). The entire area of China is represented by 2604 cells with a resolution of 60 km×60 km for each cell. Forcing data, soil and vegetation parameters needed by the VIC model for the entire area of China are prepared. Daily forcing data, which are obtained from 740 stations between 1980 and 1990, are interpolated to the 60 km×60 km grid system. The VIC model is run on every grid cell over the whole China, and a routing scheme is run offline with daily input of surface runoff and drainage from the VIC to get hydrograph at basin outlets. The spatial patterns of simulated runoff and mean annual precipitation are consistent very well. The results of monthly streamflow simulations over the Huaihe and Weihe River basins indicate that there is a good agreement between the observed and simulated values, and also initially indicate the rationality and feasibility of the evaluation model.     

椭圆回转面的精密加工制造模型

为了使椭圆线的光学性质在椭圆回转面精密加工中得到充分的应用，分别就椭圆回转面的加工给出了三种方案；并给出加工工具参数、数控加工中的行距确定的理论依据和相应几何模型及严格的理论证明；给出了为实现行距在水平进给、轴向进给及刀具轴线相应转角的控制方面的计算公式；最后用实例验证了方案的可行性与模型的可靠性。